International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder and Seed Oil on Insect Pests of Stored Maize and Cowpea","authors":"R. E. U., Udo, I. O.","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-08","url":null,"abstract":"The leaf powder of Moringa oleifera was applied as direct admixture at 5g, 10g and 15g while the seed oil was applied at 5ml and 10ml to 100g each of Maize and Cowpea grains respectively, while the control was without insecticide application to test for insect mortality., progeny development and damage caused on stored maize and cowpea (Sitophilus zeamais and Callosobruchus maculatus). The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and results obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) while means were separated using the Least Significant Difference (LSD). The result showed significantly (P<0.05) progeny reduction of adult Sitophilus zeamais and Callosobruchus maculatus using Moringa oleifera leaf powder at different concentration 0, 5g (23.90, 28.62), 10g and 15g respectively. Control (0) recorded the highest number 68.51 in Callosobruchus maculatus, and 56.85 in Sitophilus zeamais. Mortality test result showed that moringa leaf powder significantly(P<0.05) increased the mortality of adult S. zeamais and C. maculatus with increase in concentration after 96 hours of exposure while moringa seed oil offered 100% mortality after 24 hours of exposure. Germination of maize and cowpea was not affected after treatment with moringa leaf powder and seed oil. Contact toxicity result showed significant adult mortality of S. zeamais and C. maculatus on filter paper with 15% mortality in C. maculatus and 10% in S. zeamais. Damage was significantly reduced in treated grains compared with the untreated control. Moringa seed oil was more toxic to S. zeamais and C. maculatus compared to moringa leaf powder and the untreated control. The protective effect of moringa seed oil against S. zeamais and C. maculatus comes principally through oviposition suppression and reduced or complete inhibition of adult emergence, consequently reducing or eradicating infestation risk, damage and loss of maize and cowpea grains in storage. While the use of plant essential oils against storage insect pest is being advocated, the availability, affordability and the tendency of tainting protected grains should be considered.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"597 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indian and Chinese Origins of West African Village Chickens as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Partial D-Loop Regions","authors":"Noah Edson Tor","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-05","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the maternal genetic origins of West African village chickens using a 920-bp mtDNA D-loop region fragment of 127 samples from four populations (Gambia, Togo, Liberia and Nigeria). The mtDNA D-loop region was amplified following standard PCR protocols, using AV1F2: 5′-AGGACTACGGCTTGAAAAGC-3′ and 5′-TGCTTAAGGTTAATTACTGCTG-3′. as the forward and reverse primers respectively. Sequencing was done using Sanger’s dideoxy chain termination method. In addition, 268 sequence samples harvested from Genbank representing Gallus gallus from Africa, Mediterranean and different regions of Asia, were included in the analysis, bringing the total sample size to 395. 24 polymorphic sites and 13 West African chicken haplotypes (WAC1-13) were detected. The evolutionary relationships amongst studied populations and other African and global chicken populations were investigated using MEGA 7 and NETWORK 4.6 softwares. The results grouped 11 of the haplotypes including the dominant one (WAC1) with India, Pakistan and Egypt into haplogroup E, indicating an Indian sub-continental origin and Egypt as an entry point, while the other haplotypes (WAC8 and 10) clustered with haplogroup B widely believed to be of Chinese matrilineage and reported for the first time in West Africa by this study. Haplogroup B is thought to be a heritage of recent introgression of exotic alleles from commercial lines. The study shows that India and China were most likely geographic origins of the matriarchs of the West African village chickens.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk Yield, Composition and Growth of Kids of West African Dwarf Does Fed Enterolobium Cyclocarpum Leaves","authors":"Nsikan Ekanem, Mbaba E.N, Ikwunze K., Ahamefule, F.O., Okah U","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-06","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this experiment was to determine the milk yield, composition and the growth performance of kids of West African dwarf (WAD) does fed varying levels of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (EC) leaves. Twelve lactating goats at their first parity were used in a completely randomized design. The does were divided into 4 groups and fed diets containing 0 %. 07.50 %, 15.00 % and 22.50 % Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves in a concentrate diet respectively. The experiment commenced at the fourth month of pregnancy till the 56th day post-partum. Milk yield was significantly (p<0.05) highest (196.10 g) for does fed Diet 2 with 07.50 % EC leaves. Milk yield for does fed other diets followed this order: 184.35 g (Diet 1) > 104.13 g (Diet 3) > 101.79 g (Diet 4). Milk protein composition ranged from 3.34 – 5.97 % and was significantly (p<0.05) highest (5.97 %) in the milk of does fed Diet 3 (15.00 % EC leaves). Milk magnesium concentration ranged from 18.87 mg/100g (Diet 1) to 24.00 mg/100g (Diet 2) while sodium ranged from 11.88 mg/100g (control) to 20.06 mg/100g (Diet 2). The concentrations of magnesium (24.00 mg/100g) and sodium (20.06 mg/100g) were thus significantly (p<0.05) highest in the milk of does fed Diet 2 (07.50% EC leaves). Diet 2 also supported maximal growth weight (4,858.50 g) of kids at the 9th week. Thus WAD does should be fed 07.50% Enterolobium cyclocarpum leaves for maximal milk yield and kids growth.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"256 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nata De Coco Quality Development Model from Different Inoculum Sources","authors":"Lucia Mandey, Jenny E. A. Kandou, D. Tarore","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-07","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the study \"Nata De Coco Quality Development Model from Different Inoculum Sources\", aim (1) to utilize wasted coconut water from the coconut industry and home industry, (2) to obtain a Nata de Coco quality development model from different inoculum sources (inoculum from pineapple flesh and inoculum that are already available on the market. The methodology used is quantitative (laboratory experiments) with Complete Randomized Design (RAL). This research includes stages, as follows, namely: Phase I, using coconut water media sources with the maturity level of ripe coconuts, with Treatment A = basic ingredients of fresh Coconut Water (0 storage), B = basic ingredients of Coconut Water with storage for 1 week, C = basic ingredients of coconut water with storage for 2 weeks, and treatment D = basic ingredients of coconut water with storage for 3 weeks. Phase II, fermenting coconut water which becomes a substrate as a fermentation medium using inoculum sources, namely: liquid inoculum sources from natural ingredients of pineapple flesh and liquid inoculum sources available on the market in producing cellulose pellicle. The results of the study can be concluded as follows: (1) Coconut water waste wasted from the coconut industry and coconut home industry in the North Minahasa Regency area of North Sulawesi from ripe coconuts can be utilized by Acetobacter xylinum bacteria in producing Nata de Coco pellicle, (2) IN treatment (Natural Acetobacter xylinum liquid inoculum from pineapple fruit) provides the best treatment results from several quality parameters of Nata de Coco produced such as: parameters of Layer Thickness, Water Content, Fiber Content, and Color, than IP treatment (liquid inoculum Acetobacter xylinum on the market).","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin Modulates Immunity in Broilers Exposed to Heat Stress","authors":"H. Hadi Al-Jebory, Retaj Aqeel Dawood Aljanabi, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-04","url":null,"abstract":"Previously thought to be a pharmaceutical for regulating sleep and rhythm, Melatonin has demonstrated its potential as a co-adjuvant treatment by modulating mast cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and T/B cells. Melatonin is immunomodulatory, which means it regulates T-cell differentiation, interrupts T/B cell interaction, and reduces the production of pro-inflammatory factors; it acts as an antioxidant through specific receptors. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of Melatonin in improving broiler immunity using four hundred broiler chicks divided into five treatments. There was a significant increase (p≤0.05) for the T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatments in total protein, albumin, globulin and immunoglobulins compared to the T1 treatment. Significant increase (p≤0.05) for the T3, T4 and, T5 treatments in antibody titer for Newcastle (ND), infection bronchitis (IB), influenza daises (INFLU). Significant improvements (p≤0.05) for the T2 and T4 treatments in the relative weight of Fabricius gland and Fabricius index.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"21 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Method Thawing to Success Artificial Insemination of Cows","authors":"Rief Ghulam Satria Permana, Shafa Adea Puspitadesy, Anggitya Nareswari, Suryo Ediyono","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-03","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial insemination has been widely known among breeders as an effective reproductive technology by inserting sperm collected from male animals into the reproductive tract of female animals for the purpose of improving genetic quality. The success of AI is influenced by several factors, namely semen quality, inseminator expertise, livestock health, and other supporting factors. Good semen quality is one of the determining factors for the success of artificial insemination. One of the quality standards for frozen semen according to SNI is the level of motility post thawing minimum 40%. Motility level post thawing very dependent on technique thawing used. Thawing is the process of re-thawing frozen semen at physiological body temperature to reactivate sperm cells. Thawing can have an impact on reducing the quality of spermatozoa if not done properly. Temperature and time accuracy thawing will maintain sperm viability and motility, so that sperm quality is maintained and the success rate of artificial insemination will be high.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"99 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Adding Two Different Concentrations of Dates Molasses to the Drinking Water on Some Hematological and Biochemical Features in Broiler Chicken","authors":"Mohanad fadhl hussain al- musoadi, Mustafa Hadi Hamid, Ali Hashim Subeh","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-02","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted in the animal field at the college of Agriculture, Karbala University to study the effect of adding date molasses in two different concentrations to the drinking water of broiler on blood and biochemical qualities , 120 birds were taken from the Rose series and randomly distributed to three groups of equal number, molasses was added to the drinking water of birds of the second group by 3% and to the drinking water of the third group by 6% while 0% was added to the drinking water of the first group of the control group, The red and leucocytes counts ,the differential count of leucocytes , the packed cells volume and Hemoglobin, as well as the lipid profile (TC ,TG, HDL ,LDL , vLDL), liver function enzymes (ALT,AST) and blood proteins were measured , There was no significant effect of date molasses on the number of Erythrocytes and leucocytes count and the differential count of leucocytes while the percentage of Packed cells volume and hemoglobin increased significantly p<0.05 in the second and third groups compared with the control group, and And in contrast liver function, lipid profile and blood proteins were not affected significantly by adding molasses to drinking water.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"19 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Food Security in Indonesia: Harnessing Innovative Intercropping Methods within Oil Palm Plantations for Enhanced Rice Farming","authors":"Aliya Zahrah Adawiah, Ahmad Hafizh Gumilar, Catherine Febriana Pangestu, T. Simarmata","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i4y2024-01","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia faces the issue of meeting the escalating food demand caused by population growth. Intercropping rice in oil palm has emerged as a promising strategy to address food production and security challenges in Indonesia. This study thoroughly explores and evaluates the potential of innovative intercropping technology, which involves integrating rice farming into oil palm and industrial forest plantations in Indonesia. The study employed a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow guidelines, focusing on the keywords \"intercropping technology,\" \"rice,\" and \"oil palm Indonesia”. Using search engines in ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. From the earlier search, 1826 articles were generated, and after selection, 10 articles meeting the criteria were obtained. Out of 48 million hectares of oil palm plantations, approximately 2.4 million hectares (immature) can be utilized for intercropping with rice and capable of producing 4-5 tons per hectare. In brief, this additional rice crop production constitutes roughly a 20-25% augmentation to the national rice output. These findings highlight the significant role of rice intercropping with oil palm in increasing rice production and enhancing food security in Indonesia. Intensive research is crucial to develop innovative technologies capable of boosting both crop productivity and soil fertility, thereby supporting the increase in food production and oil palm productivity.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"256 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140751426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Feasibility Analysis of the Cinnamon (Cassiavera) Farming in the Village of Koto Agung Sub-District Keliling Danau Kerinci Regency","authors":"E. Effran, Y. Damayanti, Siti Kurniasih","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i3y2024-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i3y2024-03","url":null,"abstract":"Cinnamon (cassiavera) farming in Kerinci Regency has not been carried out economically. This can be seen from the pattern of cinnamon harvest that has not been carefully planned, some farmers harvest at the age of 20 years or even more, but some farmers harvest cinnamon when the price is high even though the cinnamon plant is still young, namely 5– 8 years. In connection with this situation, the authors encourage the author to examine how the use of costs and income in cinnamon farming. This study aims to determine the general description of Cinnamon (Cassiavera) farming in Koto Agung Village, Keliling Danau District, Kerinci Regency, to determine the amount of cinnamon (cassiavera) farming income in Koto Agung Village, Keliling Danau District, Kerinci Regency, and to determine the feasibility of cinnamon (cassiavera) farming in Koto Agung Village, Keliling Danau District, Kerinci Regency. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive quantitative using farm analysis and the financial feasibility of farming with three investment criteria, including NPV, Net B/C ratio, and IRR. The results of the analysis show that the farming system in the research area is still relatively simple and traditional. The average production of cinnamon (cassiavera) farming is 4,548.4 kg per harvest with an average income of IDR. 170.169.294.00,-. Cinnamon (cassiavera) farming with an average land area of ​ 0.61 Ha in Koto Agung Village is feasible to be cultivated with the results of a business feasibility analysis on the investment criteria of Net Present Value of IDR 215,237,894.00,-, Net B/C Ratio is 4.39, and the IRR is 17.436%.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the Indicators of productive and Marketing Efficiency of the Green Pepper under the Protected Cultivation System in Baghdad Province","authors":"Z. R. Kadhim, Shayma A. Al-Rubaye, A. T. A. Al-majeed, Q. Jassam","doi":"10.55677/ijlsar/v03i3y2024-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55677/ijlsar/v03i3y2024-02","url":null,"abstract":"The Iraqi agricultural sector is of great importance among other economic sectors, this sector is still facing several challenges in the field of its tasks by providing food for members of society, providing the necessary foreign currencies to finance development plans, and the incompatibility of seasonal production with optimal import periods, which makes vertical expansion one of the necessary means for development this sector, and the trend to the protected agriculture system, as one of the means of agricultural intensification. The research aims to study the productive and marketing efficiency of the green pepper crop under the protected cultivation system, by estimating the production cost functions, estimating the optimal economic size, calculating some financial evaluation criteria for this crop, and identifying the most important production and marketing obstacles facing the farmers of this system. Through estimating the results of the productive and economic indicators of the green pepper in greenhouses, it became clear that there is an economic efficiency in its production, where the return-to-cost ratio was greater than one. The results of estimating the production cost function of green pepper indicated that the crop does not achieve the required level of efficiency in its production, where the optimal size of production was about 3.3 tons, while the average production of the selected sample was about 2.73 tons. The estimated results also indicated that the total marketing costs of green pepper amounted to about 13,244,000 Iraqi dinars, and the marketing efficiency of the crop was about 76%.","PeriodicalId":480205,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Life Science and Agriculture Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140082145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}