ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL最新文献

{"title":"Test for the antimicrobial peptide lactoferricin in appendicitis and peritonitis","authors":"Yu. V. Yasnopolsky, A. Kokhanov, V. A. Zurnadzhyants, E. Kchibekov, G. Odishelashvili, S. Shashin, O. Lutseva","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-111-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-111-119","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study: was to compare the concentrations of bacterial infection indicators lactoferrin (LF) and lactoferricin (LFC) in the blood serum and peritoneal exudate of patients with destructive forms of acute appendicitis after laparoscopic and laparotomic appendectomy. The concentrations of LF protein and LFC peptide were studied in blood and peritoneal exudate samples of 45 patients with destructive forms of acute appendicitis of varying severity after laparoscopic or laparotomic appendectomy. When studying the levels of LF and LFC in patients with acute destructive appendicitis, it was found that their levels differ from the donors' figures by 3 times for both LF and LFC. It was found that the concentrations of LF and LFC in patients with acute destructive appendicitis and appendicular peritonitis are 3 times higher than the donors' figures for both LF and LFC. As for the peritoneal exudate of patients with destructive forms of acute appendicitis, they were compared with the results of the same patients in the blood serum. In this case, a statistically significant excess of peritoneal concentrations over serum levels in patients with acute destructive appendicitis and appendicular peritonitis is characteristic only for LF (by 3–4 times), but not for LFC. Comparison of the levels of the two studied biochemical indicators in the blood serum and peritoneal exudate in patients with destructive forms of acute appendicitis after laparoscopic and laparotomic appendectomy options did not reveal a reliable relationship between LF and LFC and the type of appendectomy. Thus, tests for LF and LFC in patients with destructive forms of acute appendicitis are primarily closely related to the severity of patients with acute destructive appendicitis and appendicular peritonitis. The antibacterial properties of LF and LFC have been actively studied in recent years in emergency medicine for abdominal surgical infection. The fact is that a serious problem in antibacterial therapy of abdominal infection is the rapid development of resistance to known antibiotics, which requires the use of increasingly new classes of antibiotics and antiseptics and the development of new classes of antibacterial agents, including lactoferrin and its derivative lactoferricin. We have found that, despite the common nature of these substances, the mechanisms of action of the LF protein and LFC peptide on bacteria differ significantly, which is confirmed in our study using the example of studying both tests in destructive forms of acute appendicitis. LF in surgical abdominal infection primarily reflects various bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of iron in the blood, intestines and abdominal cavity. The short peptide LFC is not associated with iron metabolism, which does not prevent this peptide, due to its unique amino acid composition, from exhibiting in the experiment even higher antimicrobial activity than LF.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141824526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation of purified heterogeneous antigens common to humans, animals and microorganisms using magnoimmunosorption methods","authors":"A. A. Efremenko, I. A. Bazikov, V. A. Zelenskiy, V. I. Efremenko, I. Zharnikova, V. A. Shul’zhenko, D. V. Efremenko","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-54-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-54-61","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to develop methodological approaches for the production of heterogeneous antigens common to humans, animals (guinea pig) and microorganisms (pathogens of plague and brucellosis), and antibodies to them using magnetic affinity sorbents. Materials and methods: isolation of tissue (parenchymal organs) and bacterial water-soluble antigens, preparation of immune rabbit sera, creation of antigenic and antibody affinity sorbents, creation of immunofluorescence and immunoenzyme antigens for control reactions, purification of antigens and antibodies using magnoimmunosorption methods, developed by us. Results and conclusion. Mimicry antigens common in humans and guinea pig with pathogens of plague and brucellosis and antibodies to them were determined and isolated. The control immunochemical reactions at the stage of isolation of purified tissue heterogeneous antigens, the test samples exceeded the control by 2–3 times using immunosorbents prepared from commercial brucellosis and plague antisera, and by 3–5 times – from experimental brucellosis antisera.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141825615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hypoxia on the immune system","authors":"G. A. Ignatenko, A. S. Prilutskiy, N. N. Bondarenko, O. A. Prilutskaya, A. V. Dubovaya, V. A. Tolstoy, A. A. Kaluga","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-27-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-27-36","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoxia is a condition that occurs when there is a decrease in the normal level of oxygen due to a decrease in the availability or delivery of this gas to cells and tissues. It is important to note that hypoxic conditions occur in many diseases. With a low oxygen content in tissues and cells, numerous physiological and pathological changes occur. The article summarizes information from the scientific literature on the effect of hypoxia on the immune system. The analysis shows that the lack of oxygen has a significant effect on the regulation of the immune response. This influence is mediated by a family of factors induced by hypoxia. Among them, the most studied is HIF-1α. The action of factors is carried out by various mechanisms. The influence of factors induced by hypoxia was registered in the analysis of the function of all cells of natural and acquired immunity.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undesirable side reactions when introducing intradermal implants based on hyaluronic acid","authors":"K. Arnaudova, L. Saroyants","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-6-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-6-13","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, there has been an increase in the popularity of procedures using hyaluronic acid-based products. In parallel with this, the number of drugs with insufficiently purified hyaluronic acid is growing, in order to reduce the cost of the product, which leads to the development of unwanted adverse reactions (ADRs). The pathogenesis of some reactions is not fully understood, which makes their diagnosis and treatment difficult. The article discusses the types of NPD, factors influencing their development, as well as options for their correction.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal function disorders in children with constitutional-exogenous obesity","authors":"O. Bashkina, D. Bezrukova, A. Dzhumagaziev, N. Y. Otto, E. V. Sosinovskaya, A. V. Filipchuk","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-43-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-43-47","url":null,"abstract":"To compare blood creatinine levels in children with constitutionally exogenous obesity and in children without obesity. Materials and methods of research. The analysis of serum creatinine levels (Jaffe colorimetric method) was carried out in 162 children with constitutionally exogenous obesity, including overweight children, grade 1–4 obesity and 178 children of the control group who were treated in the Department of endocrinology of the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital of Astrakhan in the age range from one and a half to 17 years. The study period was more than 10 years. The criterion for exclusion from the study was the absence of concomitant pathology of the urinary system. The results and their discussion. When comparing serum creatinine levels in two groups of children (obese and non-obese), a significant increase was found in the group of children with constitutionally exogenous obesity. Thus, creatinine in the blood ≥ 120.0 mmol/l was recorded in 25 children out of 162 examined with constitutionally exogenous obesity and in 3 children out of 178 without obesity (χ 2 = 19.43; p < 0.00001). The highest serum creatinine levels were recorded in children with obesity of 1–2 degrees. Conclusion. Constitutionally exogenous obesity is associated with chronic impairment of nitrogen excretion function of the kidneys.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The case of a rare chromosomal disease in a newborn child","authors":"N. Pimenova, O. V. Lebedeva, A. A. Batyrova, S. I. Azhkamalov","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-126-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-126-130","url":null,"abstract":"Triploidy is a rare lethal chromosomal anomaly characterized by the presence of an additional set of chromosomes in the cell. The presented clinical observation demonstrates a rare case of the birth of a child with a complete form of triploidy. The features of the clinic, the data of laboratory and instrumental research methods, as well as the methods of treatment used are described. The baby was born prematurely with signs of intrauterine hypotrophy, respiratory failure and multiple stigmas of dysembriogenesis. In dynamics, the child's condition was aggravated by the development of sepsis, which subsequently led to a fatal outcome.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of oral progestogens on the intestinal microbiota composition in patients with endometriosis: pilot study","authors":"V. A. Pronina, A. B. Gordeev, V. V. Murav’eva, A. V. Skorobogatyy, K. N. Zhigalova, P. A. Denisov, G. Chernukha, T. Priputnevich","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-78-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-78-84","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the contribution of the microbiota to the genesis of many diseases, including endometriosis, is widely discussed. However, the literature data on the microbiological composition of endometriosis are contradictory. In addition, data indicating the effect of conservative therapy on the microbiological composition are limited only to estrogen-containing drugs, while there is no data on the effect of progestogens. Objective: to evaluate the composition of the intestinal microbiota of patients with external genital endometriosis on oral progestogen therapy. A single-stage pilot study was conducted, which included 17 patients with external genital endometriosis (average age 30.9 (7.8) years, average body mass index 20.2 (2.0) kg/m2 ). The women received oral progestogen therapy (dienogest at a dose of 2 mg per day in a continuous mode). Microbiological examination of faecal samples by culturomics methods with inoculation on selective and non-selective nutrient media, followed by species identification of microorganisms, was carried out using time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) at two points: initially and after 6 months of taking dienogest. Dienogest therapy showed an improvement in a number of microbiological indicators of the intestinal microbiota in the form of a tendency to increase species and taxonomic diversity, a decrease in the Bacillota / Bacteroidota index, and a decrease in the titer of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms Staphylococcus spp. and increased colonization of symbiotic bacteria of the Collinsella aerofaciens and Lactobacillus spp. Thus, dienogest therapy can have both a direct and indirect effect on the composition of the intestinal microbiota of patients with external genital endometriosis, which was demonstrated by the results of the study.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern views on the microflora of burn wounds and its antibiotic resistance","authors":"V. A. Zurnadzh’yants, E. Kchibekov, K. Y. Mel’nikova, A. A. Vorob’eva","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-20-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-20-26","url":null,"abstract":"Prognosis of outcome of the burn injury depends on recovery speed of damaged layers of derma, therefore execution of the authodermoplasty stays the main principle of the burn injury treatment. However, local infectious complication retard processes of reparation and epithelization of tissues, hinder the engraftment of the donor skin graft, promote the lasting of healing of the donor wounds. But penetration of pathogenic microflora via damaged skin covers leads to infectious generalization with development of multiple organ failure, sepsis, pneumonia, to the increase of lethal outcome quantity. Considering the role of infection in a structure of mortality of burned patients, the significance to study of its etiology, pathogenesis and treatment does not raise doubts. Opportunistic microflora, causing hospital-acquired, or nosocomial, infections, plays a great role in the development of the similar condition in severely burned patients. Among these representatives are Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacteriaceae spp. The main clinical significant characteristics of such flora are multiresistance to most antimicrobial drugs, high prevalence in hospitals, and the ability to form biofilms on the surface of burn wounds. It should be noted that with every year the trend of antimicrobial resistance is increasing, and the number of resistant strains is also increasing. Therefore, it is getting more difficult to select adequate antibacterial treatment schemes for severe complicated burn injuries. The prescription of empirical therapy for nosocomial infections in burn patients should be based on the results of monitoring the microbial flora and determining its sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. In addition, methods of local treatment of wounds are constantly being improved using special wound dressings with antiseptic solutions and bacteriophage. To improve treatment rates for such patients, it is necessary to evaluate not only the local state of the wound surface, the degree of bacterial contamination of wounds and systemic inflammation during the entire period of hospitalization, but also the state of the epidemiological situation in burn care hospitals.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of immunotherapy in the complex treatment of community-acquired pneumonia of mild course in organized groups","authors":"V. Tatevosov, M. P. Kostinov, A. Protasov, V. Osiptsov, V. Gainitdinova, V. B. Polishchuk, A. V. Poddubikov","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-101-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-101-110","url":null,"abstract":"Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the most common acute infectious diseases, especially in organized groups. Community-acquired pneumonia in military personnel is a serious problem of the medical service and is diagnosed 2–3 times more often than among civilians. The purpose of the study. To study the clinical features of the action of “Immunovac-VP-4 ®” in the complex treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in new recruits. Materials and methods. The study group included 88 conscripted military personnel from among the new recruits who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of mild community-acquired pneumonia. The main group of the study included 35 patients receiving basic antibacterial therapy in combination with the therapeutic vaccine “Immunovak-VP-4 ®”. The control group included 53 patients who received only standard basic antibacterial therapy. Results. In the main study group, the frequency of repeated respiratory infections in all nosologies was lower than in the control group, statistically significant differences were noted in relation to pneumonia and acute rhinosinusitis. A decrease in the level of IL-1β in blood serum was revealed after 15 days (p = 0.05) and 6 months after discharge from the hospital (p = 0.002) in the main group compared with the control group. After 15 days, in the group of patients receiving “Immunovak-VP-4 ®”, there was a decrease in IL-6 levels relative to the baseline (p = 0.04) and it became lower than the control group (p = 0.04). Conclusion. The use of the “Immunovak-VP-4 ®” vaccine can be considered as a way to improve the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: it can be a drug for treatment, prevention of complications, and an instrument in immunorehabilitation. The use of “Immunovak-VP-4 ®” in the complex treatment of community-acquired pneumonia of mild course is accompanied by a decrease in the activity of systemic inflammation: a decrease in serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic aspects of the realization of the severity of the bronchial asthma phenotype in children","authors":"T. Stroykova, O. Bashkina","doi":"10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-85-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17021/1992-6499-2024-2-85-92","url":null,"abstract":"The study of genes regulating the function of cytokines is an important aspect in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, predicting its severity and control. And also, as a result, the implementation of therapeutic approaches for this disease. Interleukin genes have a high degree of polymorphism. The aim of the work was to establish the significance of the effect of polymorphisms of the interleukin genes IL-4 590TC (rs2243250), IL-4RA I50V (rs2243250), TNF-alpha 308AG (rs1800629) on the phenotypic manifestations of the disease. a control group of children consisting of 90 people, patients with bronchial asthma of varying severity – 86 children. The identification of genetic polymorphisms was carried out by PCR. Statistical processing was carried out using the nonparametric chi-square criterion method with the analysis of conjugacy tables. The predictor significance of the homozygous variant of GG and the TNF-alpha allele G rs1800629 in severe disease, as well as the homozygous AG genotype with moderate severity of the disease. Studies of cytokine gene polymorphism in AD contribute to the study of the molecular genetic basis of AD formation and can be used to personalize therapy.","PeriodicalId":477882,"journal":{"name":"ASTRAKHAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}