Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология最新文献

{"title":"Determination of the residual content of tetracycline in animal products and feed by enzyme immunoassay using a test system Ingvar InTETRA","authors":"Ludmila P. Satyukova, Vasily I. Dorozhkin","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310006","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a comparative analysis of the methods used in the territory of the Russian Federation for the determination of tetracycline by enzyme immunoassay was carried out. The results of the experiment on testing the Ingvar test system (Russia) are also presented InTETRA for the determination of tetracycline in animal products and feed by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). The results were confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector (HPLC MS/MS).","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccination of meat-producing chickens against eimeriosis using a diluent in the form of a gel","authors":"Irina I. Tsepilova, Svetlana A. Shemyakova, Ilya D. Shemyakov","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310009","url":null,"abstract":"In the study of the parental livestock of agricultural poultry of the meat direction of the productivity of the cross «Smena 9», the species composition of pathogens of chicken eimeriosis is represented by three types of eimeria: Eimtria maxima (EI=72,1 %), Eimtria tenella (EI=51,2 %) and Eimtria brunetti (EI=34,3 %). Mixed invasions by two and three toxons of the genus Eimeria were identified: E. maxima + E. tenella (EI=74 %), E. maxima + E. brunetti (EI=8 %) and E. maxima + E. tenella + E. brunetti (EI=18 %). Infection (carriage of pathogens) with eimeriosis of the parent stock was 37,9 %, with AI 89 oocysts per 1 g of litter. The high efficiency of vaccination with a diluent in the form of a gel has been proven, since the causative agents of eimeriosis were not diagnosed in the experimental group on days 7, 14 and 21. The prevention of respiratory diseases was also noted and the safety of young chickens was 100 %, due to the absence of waterlogging of the feather, which was not observed in chickens in the first experimental group.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between disturbances in the blood immunobiochemistry profile of pregnant cows and the incidence of calves with rotaviral infection","authors":"Vasily P. Ivanyuk, Sergey V. Laptev, Oleg Yu. Meshcheryakov","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310011","url":null,"abstract":"The conducted studies have established that in the group of deep-calving cows with normal and elevated biochemical parameters, an increase in the content of total protein, glucose, concentration of inorganic calcium, an increase in the activity of ALT and alkaline phosphatase was observed. From immunological indicators, the number of T- and B-cells increased. Here, factors that increase the natural resistance of the body of cows, namely, the increase in bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, are of great importance. In the group of deep-calving cows, where immunobiochemical parameters in most cases were lower than control analogues, the concentration of total protein, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, carotene, AST and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased most intensively. Conducting immunological monitoring, a decrease in the number of T- and B-immunocompetent cells was established, bactericidal and lysozyme activity and an indicator of phagocytic activity fell. Draws attention to the weakening of the cellular link of immunity, which indicates the depletion of T-lymphocytes and the development of immunodeficiency states in females. Calves obtained from cow mothers with low immunobiochemical parameters were much more likely to become ill with rotavirus infection, and in half of the diseased calves (26.6 %) a severe form was noted, and in 20 % of the diseased calves a moderate severity of the disease was diagnosed.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtaining biologically valuable poultry products using a complex fortified preparation","authors":"Valentina M. Bachinskaya, Tatiana O. Azarnova, Dmitry V. Gonchar, Nadezhda A. Bachinskaya","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202309005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202309005","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies of the effect of the complex fortified preparation of domestic production «Nitamin» on broiler chickens and the biological usefulness of the resulting meat. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the vivarium of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the MGAVMiB-MVA named after K. I. Skryabin. The drug «Nitamin » was given to broiler chickens with drinking water at a dose of 1 ml per 1 liter of drinking water, according to the scheme from 2 days to 5 days and from 15 days to 18 days, the birds were slaughtered on the 42nd day of keeping. The material for the research was the muscle tissue of broiler chickens of the experimental and control groups, the determination of the content of the amino acid composition, as well as trace elements of selenium and iron, was carried out in accordance with GOST R 55569–2013 Feed, compound feed, compound feed raw materials. Determination of proteinogenic amino acids by capillary electrophoresis, GOST 31707–2012 (EN 14627:2005) Food products of trace elements. Determination of total arsenic and selenium by atomic absorption spectrometry with generation of hydrides with preliminary mineralization of the sample under pressure and GOST 30178–96 Raw materials and food products. Atomic absorption method for the determination of toxic elements. The studied meat samples of broiler chickens, which were fed with the drug «Nitamin», have an increased biological value, the amount of essential amino acids increased by 14,38 % compared to the control. When studying the content of trace elements in the muscle tissue of experimental broiler chickens, an increase in the iron content by 81,8 % was noted in relation to the control group.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135102136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of laboratory diagnostics of animal leptospirosis by various methods in the Russian Federation for 2021","authors":"Gulnara A. Nurlygayanova, Vasiliy I. Belousov, Andrey S. Sharypov","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202309009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202309009","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific article presents generalized materials of the results of bacteriological, serological and molecular genetic studies in the diagnosis of animal leptospirosis performed in the state veterinary laboratories of the Russian Federation in 2021. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that populations of productive and unproductive animals are involved in the epizootic process of leptospirosis, the epizootic situation for leptospirosis continues to remain tense. A total of 1 506 785 samples (aborted fetuses, pathological and biological material), as well as 236 water samples were examined for leptospirosis by specialists of the state veterinary laboratories of the Russian Federation during 2021. A total of 9 747 377 studies were performed using classical and molecular genetic methods. 21 530 positive results were obtained (1,4 %). 538 aborted fetuses from 3 types of farm animals (cattle, small cattle and pigs) were studied by bacteriological methods and using PCR. In 98,3 % of cases, the studies were performed using PCR. A total of 9 (1,7) positive results were obtained, including cattle – 3 (1,0), pigs – 6 (2,7 %). The pathological material was examined by bacteriological methods and using PCR of 1263 samples. At the same time, 98,8 % of all studies were carried out by the molecular genetic method. A total of 40 positive results were obtained (3,2 %), including 4 cases in cattle (1,7 %), 1 in small cattle (6,7), 32 in pigs (3,6), 2 in dogs (50,0), and 1 in other animal species (1,1 %). Using PCR, 7674 blood samples were examined, 15 positive results were obtained (0,2 %), including the leptospir genome was detected in cattle in 8 cases (0,3), in pigs and other animal species, respectively, in 4 cases (0,1 %) and 3 (1,8 %). 1 404 076 blood serum samples were received for serological diagnostics, 45 897 ELISA studies were conducted, and 9 598 535 samples were taken in the classical microagglutination reaction (PMA). Specific antibodies to leptospira were detected in 21 148 samples (1,5 %). The largest number of seropositive animals was found among horses – 2744 samples (4,1), cattle – 14 104 (2,5) and pigs – 2848 (0,5 %). 93 099 urine samples were examined to identify leptospira-bearing animals. The percentage of identified patients was: horses 0,2 %; cattle – 0,3 %; small cattle – 4,4; other species – 0,1 (cats, furbearing animals, zoo animals, other species). A total of 318 (0,3 %) positive results were obtained. 99,6 of the studies were performed by dark-field microscopy, 0,4 % by PCR. In the study of 113 semen samples from cattle and 22 samples from boars, leptospir DNA was not found. Bacteriological studies of 236 samples of water from open reservoirs gave a negative result. It should be noted that the reliability of the diagnosis of leptospirosis in animals largely depends on the quality of sampling materials, storage conditions of samples, compliance with temperature conditions, time of delivery of samples to the labo","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135102491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meat safety of broiler chickens when using a new generation antibiotic","authors":"Sergei V. Timoshenko, Valentina M. Bachinskaya, Yulia I. Timoshenko, Artem I. Grudev","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310005","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of studies of the effect of a new generation antibiotic on the safety indicators of poultry products. The experimental part of the work was carried out in the vivarium of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise, at Mayskiye Prostory LLC, 140 broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross were purchased at the age of one day. The drug was fed to broiler chickens in a therapeutic dose: 0,3 ml/l of water per day, watering was carried out from the 16th to the 20th day (5 days). In the carcasses of broiler chickens, we did not find pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora, the studied samples comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union «On the safety of poultry meat and products of its processing» TR EAEU 051/2021. Analyzing the results of studies of residual amounts of antibiotics in muscle tissue, fat, skin, muscular stomach, heart and liver, we found that the detection of the minimum amount of florfenicol was on the 3rd day after the end of the drug drinking, and azithromycin on the 11th day.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of bacteria of the genus Campylobacter in the bovine semen used for artificial insemination","authors":"Svetlana P. Yatsentyuk","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310013","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of molecular genetic studies of samples of cryopreserved bovine semen used for artificial insemination from Russian and foreign breeding farms, aimed at identifying the genetic material of Campylobacter of different species. Studies on the detection of C. jejuni DNA were carried out by PCR with electrophoretic detection of PCR products using the KAM-BAK test system, Campylobacter spp. and C. fetus – using LSI VetMAX™ PCR kits with realtime hybridization-fluorescence detection. The genetic material of microorganisms of the genus Campylobacter was detected by PCR in 66,9 % of the studied samples, C. fetus – in 0,7 %, C. jejuni – in 9,7 % of semen samples. For 34 randomly selected samples of semen, a study of the microbial composition was carried out using «next generation» sequencing technology (NGS). Campylobacter has been shown to be the third most common genus of bacteria in semen samples. A species of C. ureolyticus that causes gastrointestinal diseases in humans and was previously found in feces and milk of cattle has been identified in semen samples. The issues of penetration of different types of Campylobacter into semen and the impact of the presence of Campylobacter on the quality of sperm production are discussed.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135102894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of real-time PCR for detection and identification of the causative agent of Bacterial Kidney Disease of salmon fish","authors":"Darya A. Alontseva, Aleksey E. Droshnev, Elena A. Zavyalova","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202307004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202307004","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, aquaculture is a rapidly developing branch of agriculture in the Russian Federation and around the world. However, among the limiting factors of development there are bacterial infections, for example, bacterial renal disease of salmonids – BKD, the causative agent of which is Renibacterium salmoninarum. Classical methods of diagnosis of BKD include the study of the cultural, morphological and biochemical properties of the pathogen, which requires significant time, financial and economic costs. This article describes aspects of the development of a method for diagnosing BKD using a polymerase chain reaction in real time, which will expand diagnostic capabilities, as it makes it possible to obtain results within a few hours using clinical material without a preliminary stage of cultivation. As a result of the study, three variants of the test system were proposed, which can be proposed for the indication and identification of the causative agent of BKD.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical features of the dentoalveolar apparatus in representatives of Equus","authors":"Daria D. Korableva, Vyacheslav A. Ivantsov","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202310003","url":null,"abstract":"This publication reflects the anatomical characteristics of the dentoalveolar apparatus in representatives of the genus Equus, as well as the frequency of its pathologies. The studies were conducted on the basis of the Department of Anatomy and Histology of Animals named after Prof. A. F. Klimov of the K. I. Skryabin Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biology and the craniological collection of the Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov. The object of the study were representatives of Equus (n=40): kulan, domestic horse, and Przewalski's horse at the age of 5–15 years. Methods of macromorphological analysis, morpho- and odontometry with the subsequent calculation of odontometric indices and statistical processing of the obtained numerical data were used. According to the results of the studies, the general ancestral regularities and peculiarities of anatomical organization of the dento-mandibular apparatus in representatives of Equus were established. On the basis of the analysis of odontometric indices the peculiarities of distribution of biomechanical load at masticatory act are established. At an estimation of a condition of the dento-mandibular apparatus of the horses studied, it is revealed, that the greater quantity of its pathological changes (92 %) has been found out in animals being in conditions with unnatural habitat. The obtained results are basic for diagnostics, identification and evaluation of pathomorphosis of dentoalveolar apparatus injuries in representatives of Equus.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the biotopic distribution of ixodid ticks in the conditions of the city of Kaluga","authors":"Fedor I. Vasilevich, Anna M. Nikanorova","doi":"10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202309015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36871/vet.zoo.bio.202309015","url":null,"abstract":"For a correct assessment of the role of Ixodid tick species in the circulation of natural focal vectorborne diseases, elucidation of the features of their biology and ecology, a qualitative study of the biotopic distribution of parasites in nature is necessary. The article analyzes data on the collection of ixodid ticks in the city of Kaluga, Kaluga region. Purpose of the work: to study the biotopic distribution of ixodid ticks within the city of Kaluga and offer options for qualitative monitoring of the abundance. The methods of visual observation, collection with the help of shovel, geographic information and mapping, mathematical modeling were used, the coefficient of relative biotopic confinement was used. To assess the biotopic distribution of ixodid ticks, 1280 individuals of hungry adults were collected in the period 2019–2022. Of these, 618 individuals are Ixodes ricinus and 662 are Dermacentor reticulatus. The main activity of ixodid ticks falls on spring time from the second decade of April to the 2nd decade of June. Currently, stationary biotopes of ixodid ticks have been formed in the city of Kaluga. In total, 1112 ticks were collected in the green areas of the suburban area, which accounted for 86,8 %, and 13,2 % were in the central part of the city. Kaluga forest plays a special role in maintaining the number of ixodid ticks. In total, 224 individuals of D. reticulatus (33,8 % of the total number of this species) and 408 individuals of I. ricinus (66,0 % of the total number of this species) were collected in the forest during the period of research. This indicates that the species I. ricinus is confined to forest biotopes, taking into account its more frequent habitat in the forest thicket. While the species D. reticulatus was found in open places, on the banks of the reservoir and the lake. The transfer of ixodid ticks to new biotopes and species migration is carried out by the owners, in particular, by people, domestic and stray cats and dogs. For qualitative monitoring of the number of ixodid ticks, a mathematical model has been proposed that makes it possible to quantify the number of ticks.","PeriodicalId":477287,"journal":{"name":"Ветеринария, зоотехния и биотехнология","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135102493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}