Globalizations最新文献

{"title":"Transnational networks and mobilities of IT migrant entrepreneurs in a globalizing world","authors":"Sakura Yamamura, Paul Lassalle","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2275362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2275362","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTTransnational entrepreneurship has its origins in studies on IT entrepreneurs in the US, and on the role of contextual influences that enable the emergence of vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystems. In this paper, we look at the role of institutional actors and their transnational connections on transnational entrepreneurship. Based on interviews with institutional actors in two IT hubs of the Californian Silicon Valley and the Maltese Silicon Valletta, we reveal how the transnational connectedness of entrepreneurial ecosystems emerges from the transnational connections of these institutional actors. We further map the connectedness between industry-specific entrepreneurial ecosystems, and we conceptualize these as intra- and cross-categorical transnational connections. This illustrates the mechanism of IT, industry-specific entrepreneurial ecosystems, differing from the logic of other industries, such as finance. This industry-specific perspective of entrepreneurial ecosystems reveals how they are transnationally connected and how transnational entrepreneurship ‘from below’, and its associated mobility contribute to the overall global economy.KEYWORDS: Migrant entrepreneurshipIT industrytransnational networksnetwork of entrepreneurial ecosystemscontextual entrepreneurship AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank Luis Karcher for his graphic support with the initial draft of visualizing the Maltese entrepreneurial ecosystem in Figure 4.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 In fact, as Pattinson et al. (Citation2018) write ‘The ecosystem concept would seem to be of increasing importance in high-tech sectors where coopetition is conducted around digital platforms where direct relationships may not exist between key complementors’ (p. 26).2 Institutions in the sense of organization sociology, where actors are representatives of the governmental organizations, companies, and further support agencies (see also Table 2).3 Institutional actors are still individuals; however, acting on behalf of their organizations and not as private individuals.4 Further accounts in migrant entrepreneurship research are emphasizing the ‘mixed-embeddedness’ in social networks and institutional contexts (Bagwell, Citation2018; Solano, Citation2019).5 Influential actors, in the context of organizational sociology, are individuals in managerial roles and decision power in the organization. Consequently, normally the higher the position within the institutional, the more influential the actor comes. In the case of this study, these actors had a direct influence on the shaping of the shaping of the entrepreneurial ecosystem.6 Although institutional actors, especially in public support organizations, might not appear to have their own business interest, their aim and contents of activities and contributions to the entrepreneurial ecosystem are inherently economic. Thus, they are institutional actors by organizatio","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":" 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135290675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ontology of financial markets and the policy paradigm of financial regulation","authors":"Jaehwan Jung","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2279203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2279203","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study aims to discern the ontological assumptions of the financial regulatory paradigm to clarify the meaning of a paradigm shift and the significance of the macroprudential turn in global financial regulation. An ontological understanding of financial markets is a key requirement to understand the hard core assumptions of the financial regulatory paradigm because the conflation of distinct ontologies makes it impossible to maintain the internal coherence of the financial regulatory paradigm. In terms of the ontological assumptions of the financial regulatory paradigm, the macroprudential turn in global financial regulations after the 2008 financial crisis fell short of leading to a paradigm shift in global financial regulation since it brought about an explanatory rather than ontological change. Macroprudential ideas rejected the explanatory reductionism of existing microprudential regulation without abandoning its ontological individualism.KEYWORDS: Financial crises; paradigm shift; financial regulation Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Auxiliary hypotheses ‘bear the brunt of tests and get adjusted and re-adjusted, or even completely replaced, to defend … the core’ (Lakatos, Citation1970, p. 133).2 The credit rating market is predominated by the Big Three (Moody’s, Standard & Poor, Fitch).3 For example, 80% of the securities based on subprime mortgages were assigned an AAA rating (IMF, Citation2008, p. 59).4 As categorized by Knight (Citation1921), probabilistic computation can be applied to risk, but not to uncertainty.5 For example, the average default ratio on tranches of CDO was 20,155 percent higher than the estimates (Nelson and Katzenstein, Citation2014, pp. 376-377).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2021S1A3A2A01096330].Notes on contributorsJaehwan JungJaehwan Jung is Assistant Professor of International Relations at University of Ulsan. His research interests include international financial regulations, international monetary system, and policy paradigm change.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":" 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135291184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: Che Guevara and world politics","authors":"Shannon Brincat","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2274649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2274649","url":null,"abstract":"This introductory article to the volume Che Lives! provides a general primer to Che Guevara's thinking and practice in world politics. Situating Che's historical significance as a radical agent and thinker in the 1960s, it canvasses the various politicised readings of his legacy, suggesting focusing on shared textual evidence and widely agreed thematic areas can limit this problem for analysis. The article argues that, despite some apparent changes to world order, that Che's thought remains highly relevant because the so-called ‘philosophy of plunder’ still dictates much of the global economy and relations between states just as it did in Che's time. Focusing on Che’s dialectical method that brings together class exploitation and the operations of neo-imperialism, the chapter shows how Che is of continued relevance for contemporary social movements fighting for a just world. The article concludes with a chapter summary of each contribution to the volume.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":"6 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Che Guevara and the case for revolutionary feminism in global politics","authors":"Sara Meger","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2273589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2273589","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite his renown, feminists have had little to say about the ideals or legacy of Che Guevara. In global politics, feminism is more commonly associated with pacifist movements, and his advocacy of armed insurgency to initiate revolution is an unpopular sentiment amongst feminists. Despite this discomfort, this article will make a contemporary case for revolutionary feminism for global politics by examining synergies between Che’s philosophy of revolutionary humanism and revolutionary feminist thought. For both, revolutionary politics is fundamentally about power and ‘the determination to wrest power from the ruling group and to end their domination’ (Jeffreys, 1977). Having fallen out of fashion in theorizing global politics (Duriesmith & Meger, 2020), radical and revolutionary feminisms can offer alternative praxis for tackling the persistence of patriarchy and women’s subordination globally. This article argues that an exploration of synergies between revolutionary feminism and Guevara's revolutionary humanism may provide a roadmap towards a more integrated revolutionary model for emancipation.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ‘ideal citizen’ abroad: engaging Rwanda’s young generation diaspora","authors":"Camilla Orjuela","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2275363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2275363","url":null,"abstract":"When approaching its diaspora, the Rwandan government pays special attention to the young generation. Diaspora youth are seen as especially potent contributors to Rwanda’s development and security – but also as a potential threat. The article analyzes how Rwanda reaches out to, frames and strives to form young Rwandans abroad. Building on interviews, online diaspora events and media reports, it discusses how the state not only seeks support from Rwandan youth abroad, but also attempts to shape them into ‘ideal citizens’ who are patriotic, disciplined, productive and innovative. Many young diasporans embrace these outreach efforts and the opportunities they offer. Others, who criticize the Rwandan regime, are exposed to various cooptation and silencing tactics. The article shows how state efforts to foster ‘ideal citizens’ not only target immigrants but also emigrants and their descendants, and how migrant-sending states entwine inclusion and exclusion as they engage their young generation diaspora.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":"23 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blockchain-driven digital nomadism in the Basque e-Diaspora","authors":"Igor Calzada","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2271216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2271216","url":null,"abstract":"E-diasporas are communities of diaspora members utilizing digital technologies and data platforms to establish connections among themselves and with their homelands. In response to the pandemic, governments worldwide have intensified efforts to reinforce e-diasporas. However, these endeavours often rely on social media extractivist Big Tech platforms, which are referred to as ‘hyperconnected diasporas’ in this article. This trend potentially poses a threat to institutional trust and data privacy. This article introduces HanHemen (ThereHere in Basque language, Euskera), an ongoing action research-driven e-diaspora platform facilitated by the Basque Government. HanHemen aims to ensure data privacy through experimentation with blockchain technologies and co-production with end-users via DAOs. This article reveals findings from an online survey completed by 419 Basque diasporic citizens (N = 1,385), who demonstrated support for digital nomadism (62%) and expressed concerns about data privacy (84%). These findings highlight the need to overcome the mainstream ‘hyperconnected diaspora’ trend through HanHemen.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":"54 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The geoeconomics of infrastructures: viewing globalization and global rivalry through a lens of infrastructural competition","authors":"Joscha Abels, Hans-Jürgen Bieling","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2264667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2264667","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIn the current triad competition between the US, the EU, and China, globalization-relevant infrastructures serve both as the means and ends of conflicts. This paper asks how this historical constellation of geoeconomic competition has changed the infrastructure policy of its centers. Its political-economic perspective discusses infrastructures not just in terms of their strategic instrumentalization, but also of their role in global production and geoeconomic competition. It underlines how infrastructures serve as fixes that counteract internal crisis dynamics and allow for an expansion of productive activity. The paper undertakes an empirical comparison of the triad centers’ central infrastructural measures and flagship projects. The results highlight a shared reorientation towards infrastructure policy that is driven by internal crisis dynamics and external competition over contested markets. Yet, it also reveals the varieties of infrastructural approaches as regards political objectives, modes of policy-making, and the role of national businesses.KEYWORDS: BRIglobalizationinfrastructuregeoeconomicsgeopoliticsGlobal Gateway Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsJoscha AbelsJoscha Abels is researcher and lecturer at the Institute of Political Science, University of Tübingen. His main focus is on topics of International Political Economy and European Integration. Specific research interests lie in the fields of geoeconomics, infrastructure policy, international institutions, and the political economy of the Economic and Monetary Union. He has contributed to journals such as Competition & Change, Comparative European Politics, and European Politics and Society.Hans-Jürgen BielingHans-Jürgen Bieling is Professor of Political Economy at the Institute of Political Science, University of Tübingen. His main focus is on topics of International Political Economy and European Integration. Specific research interests lie in the fields of financial markets, labour relations, right-wing populism, geoeconomics, and infrastructure policy. He has contributed to journals such as Journal of Common Market Studies, Journal of European Public Policy, and New Political Economy.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135645052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild views on sale: commercialization of visual encounters in Namibian wildlife conservation","authors":"Antje Schlottmann, Olivier Graefe","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2252689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2252689","url":null,"abstract":"Nature conservation in Namibia today depends on the commercialization of wildlife, which combines conservation efforts with touristic and thus market-oriented targets. In our paper, we frame this trade as an economy of the visual, in which the production of visual encounter value and the sale of particular visual experiences with wild animals are essential. Employing a ‘posthuman political ecology of the visual’ we critically analyze guided game views and forced presentation of animals, and elucidate how the powerful constitution and reproduction of colonial, predominantly male, and bourgeois imaginaries is involved in the commercializing process. We conclude that commercialization of visual wildlife encounter leads to the hegemonic creation of a standardized and exclusive nature worth seeing and, hence, worth conserving. Besides, we expound the problems that commercializing visual encounter entails for the animals, their daily (and nightly) routines, their privacy and their freedom not to be seen.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State capacity and populist rule in times of uncertainty: COVID-19 response in South Korea, Brazil, and Turkey","authors":"Senem Aydın-Düzgit, Mustafa Kutlay, E. Fuat Keyman","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2256567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2256567","url":null,"abstract":"In an age of ‘radical uncertainty,’ state capacity proves critical for countries to contain ‘wicked crises’ and improve the resilience of societies. At the same time, authoritarian populism has come to dominate politics in several countries. The impact of populist leadership on state capacity, however, remains an under-researched theme. We explore how populist rule has impeded effective management of the COVID-19 pandemic by weakening state capacity. We compare Brazil and Turkey as cases with similar degrees of state capacity but diverging pandemic management performance. We also examine South Korea as a benchmark case combining high state capacity and effective leadership. We show that state capacity is central in managing ‘wicked crises,’ but populist leadership undermines it through a set of mechanisms. On a broader scale, we aim to contribute to the debate by exploring the interactions among crises, state capacity, and populist rule.","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135059793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The production of rightlessness: palm oil companies and land dispossession in Indonesia","authors":"W. Berenschot, Ahmad Dhiaulhaq","doi":"10.1080/14747731.2023.2253657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2023.2253657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47695,"journal":{"name":"Globalizations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45279946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}