Australian Psychologist最新文献

{"title":"Alexithymia and eating disorder symptoms: the mediating role of emotion regulation","authors":"Xanthe Muir, David A. Preece, Rodrigo Becerra","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2236280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2236280","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Preliminary research has found evidence to suggest alexithymia acts as a risk factor for the development of psychopathology symptoms, due to its impairing role on emotion regulation ability. Eating disorder symptoms have been extensively linked to high levels of alexithymia and emotion regulation difficulties, yet little is known about the precise mechanisms behind these interactions. The current study investigates whether emotion regulation difficulties drive the association between alexithymia and eating disorder symptoms.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with obsessive-compulsive symptoms using internet-delivered and face-to-face cognitive behavior therapy","authors":"Maral Melkonian, Sarah McDonald, Eyal Karin, Nickolai Titov, Blake F. Dear, Bethany M. Wootton","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2232933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2232933","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, little is known about the characteristics of individuals who engage with this treatment and whether they are comparable to those who engage in face-to-face treatment for OCD. The aim of the current study was to examine the demographic and clinical characteristics of participants who engaged in a large open trial of self-guided ICBT for OCD and compare their characteristics with those who completed face-to-face treatment for OCD, as described in large, published studies.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What counts? A Delphi consensus-based approach to interpreting accreditation standards for Direct Client Activities in clinical psychology and clinical neuropsychology programs","authors":"Rebecca A. Anderson, C. Gooi, V. Oxenham, M. Player, Cathrine Grimsgaard, James Collison, Alexa Kambouropoulos, K. Moses","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2225694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2225694","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Despite operating from the same professional accreditation standards, discrepancies in what is recorded as Direct Client Activities (DCA) in postgraduate psychology trainee logbooks have been noted across training programs in Australia. The aim of this study was to create a consensus-based list of DCA to guide the completion of trainee logbooks while undertaking practicums in clinical psychology or clinical neuropsychology. Method A modified Delphi approach was used to gather data across three rounds. Two expert panels, representing the two areas of practice endorsement (AoPEs), rated the degree to which they agreed or disagreed with a range of activities being recorded as DCA in trainee logbooks. Activities with over 80% agreement or disagreement during any round were accepted or rejected from the final list, respectively. Results Sixteen activities for clinical psychology and 30 activities for clinical neuropsychology were endorsed by the expert panels. Only nine activities across the two panels did not reach consensus over the three rounds. Conclusions This study has created a list of consensus activities within these two AoPEs which will facilitate benchmarking activities, and reduce confusion and anxiety for trainees, supervisors, and placement coordinators. Discrepancies do, however, remain across the AoPEs, warranting further clarification and definition refinement. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Logbooks are a key strategy in ensuring individual trainees and postgraduate training programs are meeting minimum standards set by accrediting bodies. Although required by the Australian Psychology Accreditation Council (APAC) to be recorded in trainee logbooks, there is a lack of consensus across Australian postgraduate psychology program providers as to what constitutes “Direct Client Activities”. Inconsistent logging practices prevents benchmarking and creates confusion and anxiety for trainees, supervisors, and placement coordinators. What this topic adds: This paper was the first, to our knowledge, to obtain expert consensus on trainee Direct Client Activities for logbook recording within the clinical psychology and clinical neuropsychology areas of practice endorsement. The list provides greater certainty for “what counts” as Direct Client Activities for logbook recording within these two areas of practice endorsement, with 16 clinical psychology and 30 clinical neuropsychology activities endorsed. There is a need to better clarify the rationale and principles for recording Direct Client Activities across areas of practice endorsement, to inform ongoing practices in these areas.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47887752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling psychologists to address the psychological consequences of cancer","authors":"Nienke Zomerdijk, C. Bryant, Lisa Beatty","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2225693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2225693","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The number of people diagnosed with cancer in Australia continues to rise, with more than 1 in 22 Australians now living with a history of cancer. This increase is occurring in parallel with a growing body of evidence about the psychological problems faced by patients with cancer, and the beneficial effects of interventions specifically designed to address these needs. Despite this evidence, research suggests that many psychologists feel underequipped for the unique issues encountered in cancer settings. In light of the profound effects of the COVID−19 pandemic on people living with cancer, it is timely to reflect on the complex needs related to cancer, with the aim of ensuring that psychologists are equipped to enhance the wellbeing of patients. In this commentary we provide an overview of: (a) the key issues that can arise across the cancer continuum, and (b) the existing evidence-based resources and tools for the screening and management of these presenting concerns. This commentary concludes with a discussion of the emotional impact for psychologists working with cancer patients, and consideration of how access to professional training in this area might be enhanced. Key Points What is already known about the topic: Cancer is highly prevalent and rates of distress associated with cancer are high. People with cancer have clear psychological needs, but psychologists often report feeling underequipped and lacking in confidence to work with this population. Equipping psychologists to address these issues could improve quality of life and clinical outcomes for cancer patients and reduce health-system burden. What this topic adds: We outline some of the most commonly experienced issues, as reported by people with cancer. We summarise the evidence-based interventions that address the unique issues faced by this population. We describe how psychologists can manage their own emotional wellbeing in working with people with cancer.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46161181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necessary but not sufficient: examination of older adults’ connectedness with their online social contact during COVID-19","authors":"J. Chen, V. Wuthrich, Diana Matovic, R. Rapee","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2225696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2225696","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43041693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-cultural validation and measurement invariance of the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ): a study in Iran and the USA","authors":"M. Mazidi, A. Azizi, R. Becerra, J. Gross, M. Zarei, Maryam Mirshafiei, D. Preece","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2217325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2217325","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Alexithymia is a trait defined by difficulty in identifying and describing feelings, as well as externally oriented thinking. It is an important transdiagnostic risk factor for a range of psychopathologies, and therefore its assessment is of substantial interest. Recently, the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) was developed to try to enable more comprehensive assessments of alexithymia. To date, no studies have examined the PAQ’s psychometric properties among adolescents, and few have examined non-Western populations. Method To address these gaps, here we examined the psychometric properties of the PAQ among three samples of Iranian adolescents (N = 557, 53% female, Mage = 14.94, SD = 1.29), Iranian adults (N = 926, 62% female, Mage = 32.52, SD = 9.65) and American adults (N = 242, 40% female, Mage = 40.69, SD = 11.91). Results Confirmatory factor analysis supported the intended five-factor model (that distinguished between different facets of alexithymia across positive and negative emotions) within all three samples. This five-factor model was invariant across genders, ages and cultural groups. Furthermore, the PAQ subscales showed good internal consistency, test–retest reliability and concurrent validity. Conclusions Overall, the present findings indicate that PAQ has strong psychometric properties among both Middle Eastern and Western samples, and functions similarly across adults and adolescents. The PAQ therefore appears to be a useful tool for comprehensively operationalising alexithymia across a diverse range of populations. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Heightened alexithymia contributes to the development and maintenance of numerous forms of psychopathology. The assessment of alexithymia has been limited as it primarily focuses only on negative emotions. The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire (PAQ) was recently developed to provide an integrated and valence-sensitive assessment of alexithymia. What this topic adds: The PAQ can be used to measure alexithymia in both adults and adolescents. The intended five-factor structure of the PAQ, which distinguishes between different facets of alexithymia across positive and negative emotions, was supported. The intended factor structure of the PAQ was found to be invariant in terms of gender, age, and cultural groups.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47163177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and validation of the Swedish version of the Self-Compassion Scale for Youth","authors":"Eva Henje, M. Wiberg, Inga Dennhag","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2217326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2217326","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46957148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using the temporal motivation theory to explain the relation between ADHD and procrastination","authors":"Ruth Netzer Turgeman, Y. Pollak","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2218540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2218540","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The relationship between ADHD and procrastination is recognised among therapists and educators. However, only a few studies confirm this correlation, and even fewer offer a theoretical explanation. A model of procrastination exists in Steel’s Temporal Motivation Theory, according to which procrastination is fostered by the following motivation factors: a low expectancy of completing the task successfully, negative task value, and impulsiveness – the sensitivity to the delay until realisation. This study aims to establish the correlation between procrastination and ADHD and examine whether these motivation factors explain this correlation. Method Two hundred and two adult participants completed an online survey containing demographic background and scales of adult ADHD symptoms, procrastination, expectancy, task aversiveness, and impulsiveness. Results ADHD symptoms significantly and positively correlated with procrastination, task aversiveness, and impulsiveness and negatively correlated with expectancy (all Ps < .001). Mediation analysis suggested that lower expectancy and higher impulsiveness partially explained the correlation between ADHD and procrastination. Conclusions These findings help establish the strong relationship between ADHD and procrastination while demonstrating that the relationship is partially explained by a low expectancy of completing a task successfully and high levels of impulsiveness. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Adult ADHD symptoms are associated with functional impairment. The relationship between ADHD and procrastination is recognised among therapists and educators. Few controlled studies established and explained the link between ADHD and procrastination. What this topic adds: In an adult sample, ADHD symptoms are related to a higher level of procrastination. ADHD symptoms and procrastination correlated with low expectancy of completing the task, high task aversiveness, and high impulsiveness. Mediation analysis suggested that lower expectancy and higher impulsiveness partially explained the correlation between ADHD and procrastination.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41915980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluctuations in mental health in students accessing a university-wide online mental health promotion intervention before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Shelley Viskovich, James A. Fowler, K. Pakenham","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2212150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2212150","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Growing evidence shows that online mental health interventions for university students are a cost-effective means for addressing mental health problems among university students. This study presents data on the numbers and characteristics of students who engaged in an online mental health promotion intervention called YOLO in the context of a university-wide rollout of the program before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Participants completed a questionnaire assessing socio-demographics and mental health (wellbeing and distress). A total of 240 students accessed the program over a 12-month period and of these, 164 provided reliable data. Results YOLO was accessed by students representing diverse socio-demographics including domestic vs. international student status, degree level, faculty, ethnicity, and age, although there was an over-representation of females (77.2%). Students who accessed YOLO pre-COVID-19 did not substantially differ across most mental health dimensions from those who accessed it during-COVID-19, although more students reported mild-moderate anxiety symptoms during-COVID than pre-COVID-19. The only socio-demographics significantly associated with mental health were age and degree level. Younger age was related to higher anxiety and 3rd and 4th year undergraduate students reported poorer mental health comparative to students in other years. Additionally, a higher proportion of these students accessed YOLO during-COVID-19 than at pre-COVID-19. Conclusion The present data along with findings from other studies that have evaluated YOLO, suggest that online mental health promotion programs that do not require in-person contact are an important and necessary resource for all university students. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: (1) University students report high levels of mental distress. (2) Universities often lack capacity to provide support to all students. (3) Online, mental health programs may be a valuable tool to provide support. What this topic adds: (1) University students’ self-reported psychological distress did not increase significantly pre and during COVID-19, however third-year and fourth-year students reported the most psychological distress during COVID-19. (2) The YOLO program was used by students of multiple cultural backgrounds, ages, enrolment statuses, and disciplines. (3) The YOLO online program may be one useful program Universities can use to support students’ psychological wellbeing.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48701438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating role of behavioural automaticity and intention on past to future bootcamp attendance","authors":"Sabryna Sas, D. Phipps, M. Hagger, K. Hamilton","doi":"10.1080/00050067.2023.2210759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2023.2210759","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the current study was to test whether behavioural automaticity and intention mediated the effects of past behaviour on a particular type of vigorous physical exercise: bootcamp attendance. Methods A community sample (N = 69) who had previously attended a bootcamp class was recruited from Queensland, Australia. Participants were asked to complete measures of their previous bootcamp attendance, behavioural automaticity, and intention to attend bootcamps (Time 1). One month later (Time 2), participants were asked to report their bootcamp attendance and behavioural automaticity in the previous month. Data were fitted to a Partial Least Squares-SEM model. Results Past behaviour predicted both intention and behavioural automaticity. However, while behavioural automaticity significantly predicted prospectively measured behaviour and mediated the past-future behaviour relationship, there was no significant relationship between intention and bootcamp attendance. Past behaviour still predicted future behaviour beyond both behavioural automaticity and intention. Conclusions Current results support dual process and habit theory in that behavioural automaticity accounts for a portion of the residual effect of past behaviour on future behaviour which is not accounted for by intentional processes. The lack of significant effect by intention may also support these theories, as bootcamp classes likely occur in a stable context (e.g., at a prescribed time and in a regular location), encouraging habitual responding over considered decision-making. Key points What is already known about this topic: (1) Engaging in regular physical activity, especially vigorous intensity exercise, provides benefits to health and wellbeing. (2) Extending social cognition theories, dual-process models posit that behaviour is enacted predominately through deliberative or automatic pathways, depending on contextual and situational factors. (3) A common hypothesis in dual process and habit theory is that automaticity is likely to exhibit strong effects when the behaviour occurs in stable contexts. What this topic adds: (1) This research tests the effects of behavioural automaticity and intention on physical activity in a seldom examined yet common type of exercise, bootcamp attendance. (2) Behavioural automaticity mediated the relationship between past behaviour and future bootcamp attendance, but the intention did not predict bootcamp attendance. (3) Given the stable context of bootcamp classes (i.e., at a prescribed time and place), current findings support dual process and habit theory that behaviours more likely to be stable are more likely to be enacted automatically rather than deliberatively.","PeriodicalId":47679,"journal":{"name":"Australian Psychologist","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49516596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}