{"title":"Assessing (In)accuracy and Biases in Self-reported Measures of Exposure to Disagreement: Evidence from Linkage Analysis Using Digital Trace Data","authors":"Hyunjin Song, Jaeho Cho","doi":"10.1080/19312458.2021.1935824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2021.1935824","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Citizen’s exposure to disagreement – whether intentional or incidental – is a central concept in communication research, yet the precise degree to which citizens are exposed to opposing views online and the antecedents to this phenomenon continue to be debated. Despite the theoretical importance of this question, empirical assessments of cross-cutting exposure, especially those involving online settings, are largely based on individuals’ perception of their own behavior. Therefore, we know little regarding response bias in self-reports of cross-cutting exposure online. Combining digital trace data with a panel survey, we observe overreporting of self-reported online cross-cutting exposure. We then demonstrate that self-reported exposure to disagreement is retrospectively conditioned by the perception of the opinion climate in a given context. Finally, using Monte Carlo simulations, we examine the consequences of relying on (potentially imperfect) self-reported measures.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"15 1","pages":"190 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19312458.2021.1935824","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48347091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. M. Rinke, Timo Dobbrick, Charlotte Löb, Cäcilia Zirn, Hartmut Wessler
{"title":"Expert-Informed Topic Models for Document Set Discovery","authors":"E. M. Rinke, Timo Dobbrick, Charlotte Löb, Cäcilia Zirn, Hartmut Wessler","doi":"10.1080/19312458.2021.1920008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2021.1920008","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The first step in many text-as-data studies is to find documents that address a specific topic within a larger document set. Researchers often rely on simple keyword searches to do this, even though this may introduce considerable selection bias. Such bias may be even greater when researchers lack the domain knowledge required to make informed search decisions, for example, in cross-national research or research on unfamiliar social contexts. We propose expert-informed topic modeling (EITM) as a hybrid approach to tackle this problem. EITM combines the validity of external domain knowledge captured through expert surveys with probabilistic topic models to help researchers identify subsets of documents that cover initially unknown domain-specific topics, such as specific events and debates, that belong to a researcher-defined master topic. EITM is a flexible and efficient approach to the thematic selection of documents from large text corpora for further study. We benchmark and validate the method by discovering blog posts that address the public role of religion within large corpora of Australian, Swiss, and Turkish blog posts and provide researchers with a complete workflow to guide the application of EITM in their own work.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"16 1","pages":"39 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19312458.2021.1920008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41421477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Christner, Aleksandra Urman, S. Adam, Michaela Maier
{"title":"Automated Tracking Approaches for Studying Online Media Use: A Critical Review and Recommendations","authors":"C. Christner, Aleksandra Urman, S. Adam, Michaela Maier","doi":"10.1080/19312458.2021.1907841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2021.1907841","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With the increasing importance of online information environments, researchers have started investigating direct measures of online media use, such as online tracking. Most existing studies using tracking data have so far relied on commercial solutions, but these have limitations in terms of their costliness, replicability, and applicability to certain research questions. Hence, different research groups are developing their own tracking solutions for academic purposes. In this paper, we provide a critical review and classification of the existing approaches, apt to guide research decisions on the appropriate tracking approach and tool. First, we develop criteria to distinguish different user-centric desktop and mobile tracking approaches and tools (types of information, technical complexity, privacy implementation, user experience, and availability). Second, we describe different tools and approaches – separately for desktop and mobile tracking – with concrete examples and evaluate them using the aforementioned criteria. Finally, we discuss how different mobile and desktop tracking solutions can complement each other and provide recommendations for future research.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"16 1","pages":"79 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19312458.2021.1907841","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47585304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conceptualizing and Measuring Communication Interdependence: The Technology and Face-to-Face Integration Scale","authors":"L. Sharabi, Elizabeth Dorrance Hall","doi":"10.1080/19312458.2021.1894325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2021.1894325","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A distinguishing feature of contemporary relationships is the integration of technological mediation into routine social interaction. The communication interdependence perspective (CIP) explains how interpersonal technologies are interwoven with face-to-face relationships, but its conceptualization of integration is limited. To fill this gap, we expand the CIP by proposing a new measure to explicate and operationalize the ways multiple modalities are interconnected. We evaluated our scale using data from students at two universities (Study 1; N = 355) and confirmed it in a sample of romantic couples (Study 2; N = 280). The 37-item measure exhibited strong psychometric properties and contained two types of constructive integration (using technology to preserve continuity in the relationship and to facilitate togetherness) and three destructive forms (using technology to turn away from the relationship, to perpetuate conflict, and to create tension). Potential applications of the scale for studying multimodal relationships are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"15 1","pages":"222 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19312458.2021.1894325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48131536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Better Crowdcoding: Strategies for Promoting Accuracy in Crowdsourced Content Analysis","authors":"Ceren Budak, R. Garrett, Daniel J. Sude","doi":"10.1080/19312458.2021.1895977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2021.1895977","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this work, we evaluate different instruction strategies to improve the quality of crowdcoding for the concept of civility. We test the effectiveness of training, codebooks, and their combination through 2 × 2 experiments conducted on two different populations – students and Amazon Mechanical Turk workers. In addition, we perform simulations to evaluate the trade-off between cost and performance associated with different instructional strategies and the number of human coders. We find that training improves crowdcoding quality, while codebooks do not. We further show that relying on several human coders and applying majority rule to their assessments significantly improves performance.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"15 1","pages":"141 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19312458.2021.1895977","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42174527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abubakar Abba, Aminu Abbas, Aondover Eric Msughter
{"title":"Análisis de contenido comparativo en la cobertura periodística de los casos de secuestro en Nigeria","authors":"Abubakar Abba, Aminu Abbas, Aondover Eric Msughter","doi":"10.35951/V3I1.94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35951/V3I1.94","url":null,"abstract":"Este estudio utilizó el análisis de contenido para analizar la cobertura periodística de los casos de secuestro en Nigeria en los periódicos Daily Trust y The Guardian desde agosto a octubre de 2020. Los objetivos de la investigación son examinar la frecuencia, la prominencia y la dirección para medir el alcance de los casos de secuestro por los periódicos seleccionados. Como marco teórico se utilizaron la teoría del ciclo de atención a la temática y la teoría del encuadre. El supuesto básico de la teoría del ciclo de atención a la temática es que los temas relacionados con el medio ambiente tienden a ser repentinamente más notorios, permaneciendo así durante un breve tiempo y luego se desvanecen gradualmente del centro de la atención pública, mientras que la teoría del encuadre de los medios de comunicación defiende que el encuadre individual implica la comprensión cognitiva del individuo en una situación determinada. El estudio reveló que los dos periódicos informaron más de los casos de secuestro en sus páginas interiores, con un 52,6% (Daily Trust) y un 46,8% (The Guardian).","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86060045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Apuntes metodológicos para el estudio del negacionismo climático en los medios escritos","authors":"S. Martín-Sosa","doi":"10.35951/V3I1.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35951/V3I1.111","url":null,"abstract":"La presencia del negacionismo climático en los medios de comunicación ha sido estudiada especialmente en algunos países como Reino Unido o Estados Unidos. La evidencia muestra como el negacionismo en los medios de comunicación es un fenómeno minoritario. En las noticias se ha producido una evolución hacia argumentos que ya no cuestionan tanto la existencia del fenómeno o su origen antrópico y esgrimen razones o formas más sutiles para rechazar de la realidad climática, aludiendo a motivos económicos para no actuar o cuestionando la magnitud del fenómeno. Teniendo en cuenta el importante papel que podría jugar la información veraz y científicamente contrastada en los medios de comunicación a la hora de conformar las actitudes sociales frente al problema, es relevante seguir profundizando en el estudio del negacionismo climático en los medios de comunicación, especialmente en países donde estos estudios escasean. Este artículo analiza el tipo de acercamiento idóneo en la investigación sobre el negacionismo climático, teniendo en cuenta las principales características con las que se enfrentan este tipo de estudios.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89060689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rastreando más allá del texto: El uso del análisis de contenido regresivo para estudiar las prácticas periodísticas","authors":"Dawn Wheatley","doi":"10.35951/v3i1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35951/v3i1.93","url":null,"abstract":"El análisis de contenido es una herramienta habitual en los estudios sobre los medios de comunicación y en otros ámbitos relacionados. Suele utilizarse para identificar patrones en los textos periodísticos que ayuden a estudiar qué y cómo se comunica la información al público. Sin embargo, estos resultados, que suelen cuantificarse basándose únicamente en los mensajes y detalles del informe de noticias, tienen limitaciones para los investigadores que buscan establecer una conexión entre la producción periodística -el típico informe final de noticias- y las prácticas periodísticas implicadas en el montaje del informe. La metodología que aquí se propone pretende establecer un enfoque sistemático para explorar las prácticas periodísticas de abastecimiento a través del análisis en profundidad de los reportajes, fundamentalmente ampliando el objetivo de la investigación más allá del reportaje y explorando las contribuciones de las fuentes, como los comunicados de prensa originales u otros informes de los medios de comunicación. Al rastrear y registrar sistemáticamente ese material, se pueden hacer descubrimientos valiosos y originales, que luego se pueden cruzar con los resultados del análisis de contenido cuantitativo más tradicional para proporcionar nuevas perspectivas. Este método requiere dos fases de investigación, que se describen en este artículo. El artículo también explora cómo puede utilizarse el análisis de contenido para estudiar las prácticas periodísticas, así como un marco para llevar a cabo la investigación, con consejos y directrices tanto para obtener como para registrar el material de origen y los datos.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83452318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La metodología cualitativa para el estudio de la recepción televisiva entre las audiencias españolas emigradas","authors":"Juan Francisco Gutiérrez Lozano","doi":"10.35951/V3I1.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35951/V3I1.104","url":null,"abstract":"El estudio histórico de las audiencias televisivas no ha sido analizado en profundidad hasta tiempos recientes. De manera internacional, y especialmente en el caso europeo, se han producido avances recientes significativos, que de una parte se sustentan metodológicamente bien en técnicas ligadas a la historia oral, como las historias de vida, bien en estrategias de corte cualitativo, como las entrevistas grupales focalizadas. En todo caso, también los estudios de recepción televisiva actual acuden a estas mismas herramientas cualitativas. Este artículo, y a partir de la experiencia obtenida en dos investigaciones realizadas sobre la audiencia televisiva española emigrada en la segunda mitad del siglo XX y a principios de este siglo, expone dos modelos de diseño metodológico diferentes, pero que toman a los testimonios de las personas emigradas como fuente y objeto de análisis. Del mismo modo se subrayan los principales obstáculos y retos que presentan los diseños metodológicos cualitativos.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81553430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La observación participante como metodología de análisis de una obra videoescénica","authors":"Gustavo Montes Rodríguez","doi":"10.35951/V3I1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35951/V3I1.102","url":null,"abstract":"Esta investigación tiene como objeto de estudio el proceso de escenificación de un producto artístico híbrido, la obra videoescénica Nosotros, hijos de la guerra. Tiene como objetivo determinar las modificaciones que conlleva el uso de la tecnología audiovisual tanto en los elementos constitutivos del drama como en su proceso de construcción y la pretensión metodológica de mostrar la validez de la técnica de observación participante, utilizada fundamentalmente en estudios antropológicos y sociológicos, en las investigaciones del área de Comunicación, particularmente aquellas enfocadas hacia el proceso de construcción. Se constata que la introducción de una pantalla en el escenario incide en la ampliación de la configuración de personajes, en la expansión del espacio y en la flexibilidad del tiempo. Del mismo modo, altera las fases de construcción del drama, puesto que los participantes en el proceso están sujetos a técnicas audiovisuales que determinan la toma de decisiones del director de escena.","PeriodicalId":47552,"journal":{"name":"Communication Methods and Measures","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79641540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}