Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A Study of Effect of Cognitive Offloading on Instant Performance and Metamemory in Short-Term Task","authors":"Yashada Tarde, Prema Joshi","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cognitive offloading reduces requirement of mental processing by use of physical actions like setting reminders. Increasing use of smart-gadgets for externalization of memory is make us more vulnerable to develop tendency of offloading. Our young generation has resorted to use of offloading right from their childhood due to leisure handling of gadgets, without metamemory evaluation. Recurrent use of offloading might reduce their efficiency to utilize their thought process whenever required.
 Objective: To compare and assess performance of adults and adolescents in instant task and short-term task including cost-benefit evaluation with and without offloading.
 Material & Methods Present study was conducted on 186 participants divided into two age groups: adults(18-40 years), adolescents(13-17 years) after taking appropriate written informed consent. Study commenced after approval from ethics committee. Two groups were divided into offloading permitted and not permitted based on randomized computer-generated-sequence. This cross-sectional study analyzed performance in colour block test, forward digit recall and backward digit recall1 in two sets, one immediately after sequence was portrayed and other, half-an-hour later. Cost-benefit evaluation was also assessed. Working memory assessment to compare between two age groups was done. Statistical analysis was done using paired and unpaired T-test.
 Result: Significant increase in instant performance and decline in short-term performance was seen in offloaded group. The performance in offloaded group significantly decreased on adding cost-benefit evaluation. Reduction in working memory performance was seen in younger age group.
 Interpretation & Conclusion: Cognitive offloading increases the instant performance but adversely affects development of long-term and working memory.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136264514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Role of Family Assisted Cognitive Remediation Therapy Still Exists in Modern Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Randomized Case-control Study for Schizophrenia Patients from Rural Background","authors":"Shruti Sinha, Adarsh Tripathi, Sujita K Kar, Suyash Singh, Pronob K. Dalal","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Last decade showed promising evidences of computer based therapies, incorporating either an in-patient or home-based computer model for training the family members. The crux of all these studies focuses on the role of “family”. The compliance and perception, from a patient perspective, especially in a developing country, is still unproven. Purpose and Design: The aim of our randomized case-control study, was to analyze the impact of add-on FACT in stable patients of Schizophrenia and assess and the level of functioning and quality of life (QoL) among two groups. The primary outcome measures (PANSS and SCoRS) and secondary outcome measure (GAF and WHODAS) were compared among two groups. Material and methods: 96 patients of stable Schizophrenia, were randomized in two groups, Group A (study group, n=48) included patients, who receive add-on FACT and Group B (control group, n=48) includes the patients on our standard protocol (pharmacotherapy and brief counselling). Both the groups received single session of psycho-education with, Group A receiving an additional four training sessions. We targeted prospective memory, conversational and task vigilance, verbal learning and memory, cognitive flexibility and problem solving in our sessions. Assessments were done at baseline, 8 and 16 weeks and domains were compared. Results: There was significant improvement in outcome measures of psychopathology, level of functioning, quality of life and disability among patients of Group A. Of the cognitive domains, trend of an improvements was seen inattention/vigilance, working memory, processing speed, household responsibility and social cognition. Conclusion: The collaborative efforts of treating physician and family involvement showed significant clinical outcome. FACT holds promise in the rehabilitation for stable patients of schizophrenia. The therapy modifies family dynamics, retaining the roots of psycho-education and tailored cognitive therapy model; irreplaceable for any artificial intelligence model.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136264515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metals Toxicity Associated with Oxidative Stress and Altered Level of Antioxidants in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"Jyoti Yadav, Anoop K. Verma, Anu Singla, None R. K. Garg","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.10","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, metals role in the production of oxidative stress and its association with the altered antioxidant levels have been focused in AD. We have found that metals accumulation is responsible for increased oxidative stress that induces a critical event in the pathogenesis of AD. These pathological changes might alter the antioxidant levels to attenuate free radicals in the body. Some nutritional supplement such as Vitamin E, vitamin C, and vitamin B12 may also have essential roles in the treatment of AD. Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common forms of dementia in the elderly population. Altered levels of trace metals and heavy metals accumulation such as Iron, Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium, and Mercury have been associated with oxidative stress production in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Metals accumulation is also associated with overproduced amyloid-beta may alter the level of antioxidants in AD patients. Dietary intake of essential antioxidants has been suggested to delay or prevent cognitive impairment by many studies.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary Clinical Psychologists in India: Challenges in the Professional Journey","authors":"Anjan Apalni, Sheeba Parveen, Shweta Singh","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.09","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of clinical psychology as an established, recognized, and independent profession has been progressive in India, but the challenges have been multifold. Clinical psychologist faces different challenges at an academic level, including legislation, undefined roles, inadequate opportunities, and dependency on west oriented assessments. Established clinical psychologist face issues such as low remuneration, unclear boundaries between terms of mental health professionals, lack of acknowledgment, and meager indigenous therapies that act as hurdles to its progress.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECT as a Useful Treatment Strategy for Difficult-totreat FTD: A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"Kritika Chawla, Adarsh Tripathi, Aditya Agrawal","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) defines a heterogeneous group of clinical syndromes marked by the progressive, focal neurodegeneration of the frontal and anterior temporal lobes. The variety of presentations causes special diagnostic difficulties that can have a major negative influence on patient care and advice for carers regarding the clinical status and prognosis. To differentiate FTD from other psychiatric disorders, a combination of clinical assessment, neurological examinations, and imaging tests such as MRI or PET scans are used. It is important to rule out other potential causes of cognitive impairment, such as vitamin deficiencies, infections, or tumours. A neuropsychological evaluation can also help identify patterns of cognitive deficits typical of FTD. Here we present a case of a 58-year-old male in whom diagnoses were revised multiple times before finally reaching the diagnosis of Frontotemporal dementia. In the course of his illness, he developed catatonic symptoms and marked agitation which were not improving on antipsychotics and oral/iv Lorazepam. ECT was started and the patient showed improvement in catatonic symptoms, repetitive behaviour, agitation, and sleep disturbance. The patient became calm and manageable although he still required assistance in performing ADL.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal Behavior in Bangladeshi and Indonesian Media After the Death of an Indian Celebrity by Suicide","authors":"Russel Kabir, Sujita K. Kar, Divya Vinnakota, Liza Fathiariani, Marthoenis Marthoenis, Srijeeta Mukherjee, Hasina Akter, S.M. Yasir Arafat, Vikas Menon, Susanta K. Padhy","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.06","url":null,"abstract":"The Indian cinema industry greatly impacts the world, especially in south Asian nations, Including Bangladesh and Indonesia. This study examines the quality of suicide reporting by media following non-native celebrity suicides in nations with a comparable culture. This study was conducted during one month immediately following the suicide of an Indian celebrity. Two Indonesian and two Bangladeshi investigators collected information about published media reports in regional languages on popular online newspapers of the respective countries. All newspaper articles about suicide behavior published throughout the study period were included. A total of 155 news reports were obtained, of which 56 were from Bangladesh and 99 were from Indonesia. More than half of the news reports from Bangladesh reported the suicide of unmarried people (55.36%). Indonesian reports mentioned gender (57.57%) and age (80.81%) in the majority of reports, followed by the presence of life events and mention of mental illness. Celebrity suicide reports in media catch the attention of more viewers and are likely to have a more intense impact on the general public than any other suicide report. Hence, there is a desperate need to adhere to the media suicide reporting guidelines while reporting suicide stories.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phallicide a Rare Mode of Suicide: A Case Report","authors":"Abhinesh Nand, Abhishek Pratap Singh, Shirish Mishra, Nand Asare","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide is one of the major health problems worldwide and suicide is frequently associated with psychiatric illness. Depression is one of the common psychiatric illness which is associated with suicide. Patients attempt suicide by various methods and genital self-mutilation or phallicide is a very rare method for attempting suicide. Hereby we are reporting a case of 63-year-old male a case of severe depression who attempted suicide by phallicide and who was managed in a multidisciplinary team for managing both psychiatric and surgical emergencies.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Obsessional Beliefs and Insight in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder","authors":"None Tamanna Hooda, None Gyanendra Kumar, None Sandhya Mohanty","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.07","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: OCD is a heterogenous entity in terms of symptoms and insight. Various models have been formed to explain the complexity of OCD and how obsessive beliefs play a vital role in the etiology and psychopathology of OCD. Evaluating the association between these beliefs and insight can be very advantageous.
 Method: aim: to determine the relation between obsessive beliefs and the level of insight in obsessive compulsive patients, Venue: The study was conducted at the institute of mental health and hospital, Agra, Design: The study is a hospital based cross sectional study. sampling: 80 ocd patients as per ICD-10 diagnostic criteria were selected through purposive sampling. Tools: Patients assessed using Obsessional belief questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44) and Scale to Assess Unawareness in Mental Disorder (SUMD).
 Result: the data was analysed with product moment correlation and it was found that OBQ-ICT has negative correlation (r = -0.36) with SUMD indicating controlling thought promote insight in patients. No significant correlation was found between OBQ-RT and OBQ-PC and insight.
 Conclusion: In this study importance of control of thought was the only variable which is significantly correlated with level of insight. Implications of these findings for conceptualising the relationship between obsessive beliefs and insight have been discussed.
 Key Words: OCD, Obsessional belief, Insight, SUMD.
 
","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Role Playing Games on Child and Adolescents: A Brief Overview","authors":"None Ajay Kumar, None Anirban Saha, None Sucharita Mishra","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Internet gaming is recognized as a psychiatric disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) and International Classification of Disease, version 11 (ICD-11) ‘Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and gaming disorder (GD), respectively. A strong association was seen between internet gaming behaviour and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety disorders, depression, suicidal ideation, behavioural disorders, social phobia, autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and personality disorders. But the more profound nexus and causative relationship between internet games and psychiatric disorders are yet to unfold. Gross observations indicate a bidirectional relationship between internet gaming behaviours and psychiatric morbidities.
 With the advent of advanced gaming technology, such as Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) and Role-playing Games (RPGs) and their increasing use by children and adolescents again revamp the quest for some fundamental questions like how internet games affect our brains. Do video games predispose individuals to psychiatric disorders? If at all internet gaming is predisposed to psychiatric disorders, then how? For all practical purposes, we restrict our discussion to Role-playing Games only.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatry Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic – A Study from the Patients and Caregiver’s Perspective","authors":"Saumitra Nemlekar, Vaibhav Srivastava, Shobha Nair, Asha Gaikwad, Aditi Chaudhari, Divya Ramadas","doi":"10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55229/ijbs.v26i2.05","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had created unexpected challenges in providing quality care for mental health patients. In this setting, patient satisfaction with health services is important as it affects variables such as medication adherence, which translates to better health.Aim: To determine the patients’ satisfaction, concerns and difficulties faced by patients during COVID-19 pandemicMethods: The study was carried out at the Department of Psychiatry, BARC Hospital, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai. To understand the patients’ satisfaction and concerns a questionnaire was developed within the department by the authors. The main themes identified were medication adherence, difficulties in visiting, risk of infection visitinga hospital, patients’ experiences with use of PPE and use of telepsychiatry.Results: The total sample size of our study was, therefore, 206. The mean age of the population visiting the hospital was 52.84 years, with SD = 14.44 and a range 21 to 86 years. The adherence rates were 86.4%. Patients reported benefits from old prescriptions being honored, refilling of prescriptions from dispensaries and online prescriptions through internet messaging. 50.5% of patients preferred to have a direct consultation as opposed to telepsychiatry. Most patients cited ‘personal touch’ as a reason for this preference. Use of PPE was bothersome for the patients.Conclusions: Our study summarizes the distinctive experiences of healthcare delivery from patients’ perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions such as phone access, relaxing norms for online prescription and the need to continue the ‘family physician’ model even for psychiatric services may be acceptable, economical and feasible to the patient.","PeriodicalId":475128,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Behavioural Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136364195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}