Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya最新文献

{"title":"Sociological Monitoring of the External Policy Orientations of Ukrainian Society in The 2000–2020s","authors":"Sergey Ya. Sushchiy","doi":"10.31857/s013216250026381-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250026381-2","url":null,"abstract":"In the 1990s-2000s, in the external orientations of Ukrainian society, polls recorded а balance of two main vectors with a certain predominance of the pro-Russian way. In the territorial viewpoint we could state a distinct polarization – the population of the western macroregion was largely oriented towards the European Union, the east and south regions — towards Russia (and the interstate structures it created), the center – in both directions. Consistent pro-European orientation of the Ukrainian government and almost the entire Ukrainian political class; a comprehensive program of “titling” of public life and socio-cultural exclusion from Russia, as well as a socio-demographic factor (change of generations) worked to gradually strengthen Western geo-civilizational vector in the public consciousness of the country's population. The catalyst for this process was the 2013-2014 socio-political crisis and a number of subsequent events caused by it. In the mid-2010s. the drift of the external political and economic orientations of Ukrainian society towards the European Union and NATO was noticeably accelerating. The beginning of the SMO becomes a new trigger for this systemic transit, recorded by all polls in 2022-2023. However, our analysis of their results suggests that while reliably recording the dynamic trends in public opinion, the polls did not reveal real extent of those shifts, they also did not provide correct information about the population's perceptions on a number of aspects of the political and socio-economic dynamics of Ukraine at all. The radical external convergence of geo-civilizational orientations of the inhabitants of the country macro-regions does not mean an equally tangible reduction of diversities in their collective ideas. It is also significant that polls are not able to assess the level of potential socio-psychological adaptability of individual regional communities in Ukraine, which can surface only with a significant change in social reality.","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes Towards Russia and the USA in the Public Opinion of Modern China","authors":"Li Qin, Nikolay S. Babich","doi":"10.31857/s013216250025452-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250025452-0","url":null,"abstract":"The acute Russian-American confrontation made it important to reveal the attitude of international public opinion towards Russia the United States, especially in countries such as China. But the specifics of the attitudes of the population towards foreign states makes it necessary to analyze many aspects of these attitudes, preferably over a long period of time. Since public opinion poll data is usually severely limited both in the number of indicators and in temporal coverage, there is a need to summarize as many polls conducted by different organizations as possible. In this article, such a generalization is made on the basis of eight large-scale public opinion surveys covering the period from 2004 to 2022, including the time shortly before and after the start of the SMO (special military operation). An analysis of survey data reveals that public opinion in the PRC from 2004 to 2021 consistently treated Russia much more favorably: a large majority systematically expressed positive attitudes, the gap of which from attitudes towards the United States frequently exceeded 50%. With the onset of SMO, this positive attitude worsened in some aspects, improved in others, everywhere by an insignificant amount. Attitudes towards the United States also slightly worsened. Thus, we can confidently say that the public opinion of modern China has a very positive attitude towards Russia, rather negatively towards the United States, the beginning of the SMO, in general, did not change this situation, and the current events are not perceived by the Chinese public as extraordinary, requiring revision of views on international relations.","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135052586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication in interviews with teenagers on sensitive topics","authors":"Maria N. Yashina, Anna V. Zharikova","doi":"10.31857/s013216250023705-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250023705-8","url":null,"abstract":"The research design with participation of children and adolescents has some distinctive features. They are caused by the legal status of this age group, its psycho-physiological characteristics, the place of the group itself and its autonomy in the system of social relations. Particular concern in collecting materials is caused by questions involving sensitivity. In conditions when the research participants themselves belong to the sensitized field, the difficulties are multiplied. The object of the 2019 study, conducted at the Sociology Clinic of Applied Research (St. Petersburg State University), was teenage girls 16-19 years old participating in the program “A Firm Step into Adulthood”. The informants had a sensitive experience such as raising without parents, staying in an orphanage. Therefore, such techniques as \"peer-to-peer\", projective techniques \"Life Line\", \"Chamomile\", and vignette questions were used to build effective communication. Interviews in the peer-to-peer format were not implemented to the fullest extent, as similarities in gender, age, and differences in social experiences between interviewers and informants did not allow to level the boundaries in interactions. The questions about Internet safety and drug risks were the most difficult to get truthful answers. Overall, the study showed that despite the blurring boundaries of social norms in older adolescence, the areas of life that are strictly controlled by social institutions proved to be the most sensitive for study participants compared to those considered as such in public opinion, such as the loss of parents.","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135056551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dichotomy and Two-Component Polytomy in Contemporary Sociology","authors":"Yuliya Pasovets","doi":"10.31857/s013216250023051-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250023051-9","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the need to rethink the heuristic potential of dichotomy as a cognition method in the research of contemporary social reality, which characterizes by its structure complication and dynamics acceleration. Based on the analysis of recent works by foreign and Russian authors, it gives the description of the understanding of dichotomy and the dichotomous method in social and humanitarian knowledge, its comparison with other terms used to characterize opposites and their relationship, and the separation of dichotomies into scientific and everyday ones. This paper analyzes the practice of applying the dichotomous method in sociological research in recent years: it identifies the main sociological dichotomies and reveals their movement in contemporary sociological knowledge, which consists of the use of established dichotomies in the research of the balance between extremes, the convergence of opposites, overcoming contradictions and, conversely, their exacerbation, polarization of social relations that are observed in the contemporary world, as well as the formation of new binary pairs following the example of the dichotomy «sustainability – vulnerability». It determines the changes in the practice of dichotomous method using in the field of social and sociological cognition: on the one side, there is a transition from its use as the main research method to use in combination with other methods and methodological techniques, which allows solving a wider range of research tasks, on the other side, along with dichotomies, researchers construct two-term polytomies, which their authors call dichotomies. The author reveals significant heuristic possibilities of the dichotomous method for conceptualization, analysis and explanation of the increasingly complex and dynamic contemporary social reality: this method allows you to identify the differences between the research objects, to carry out their comparative analysis and interpretation, to reveal their dualism and opposite sides, while emphasizing the independence and interconnectedness of these extremes, to order and generalize the data obtained on the basis of this method, to develop alternative models of explanation.","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135056924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wives of Diplomats: Career Opportunities in a Situation of Professional Family Interaction","authors":"Elena Ivanova","doi":"10.31857/s013216250022129-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250022129-4","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of self-determination of diplomats' wives within the framework of professional family interaction are at the center of the study. The factors influencing the status of a diplomat's wife in the conditions of a business trip abroad are highlighted: diplomatic immunity prescribed by international and domestic legislation, the diplomatic rank of the spouse, as well as the social roles, functions and tasks assigned to her within the framework of the norms and rules of diplomatic activity. [d1] The restrictions on the professional career of the wives of diplomats, influencing their choice of a particular trajectory of social behavior, are systematized. The study relied on the included unsystematic observation of phenomena in the daily lives of the families of diplomats as a covert participant; high-quality content analysis of documents – materials from Internet sites and Internet forums; secondary analysis of sociological and historical research data. Conclusions are drawn about the relevance of the legal strengthening of the status of the wives of diplomats, which would take into account the current situation and consolidate the possibilities of a stable perspective.","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135058560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected Business Correspondence of Sociologists P.A. Sorokin and R. Thurnwald (1928–1954)","authors":"P. Sorokin","doi":"10.31857/s013216250021531-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250021531-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82952900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The New Social Reality (about XXIV Kharchev' Readings)","authors":"N. Romanovskiy, S. Demidenko","doi":"10.31857/s013216250024199-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250024199-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88668994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theodor Geiger. Images of Comradeship. Knowledge and Influence: A Review","authors":"P. Sorokin","doi":"10.31857/s013216250024200-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250024200-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79136070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Acceptability of Objective and Subjective Reasons for Divorce in Modern Russia","authors":"Alexander B. Sinelnikov","doi":"10.31857/s013216250022703-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250022703-6","url":null,"abstract":"According to surveys conducted by the Public Opinion Foundation, over the 10 years from 2012 to 2022, the social acceptability of divorces in Russia has increased. Residents of the country have become more likely to recognize as valid all the reasons for divorce provided in the questionnaires of both surveys. When a husband or wife demands a divorce because of the inappropriate behavior of the other spouse (adultery, drunkenness, physical violence, etc.), the reason for the divorce is objective. If someone demands to terminate the marriage due to the fact that he does not love a spouse who has not violated the rules of family life, then the reason is subjective. Divorces for objective reasons destroy many families, but the social institution of the family is destroyed only when society also recognizes the subjective reasons for divorce as valid. After that, people no longer believe that the strength of marriage depends on their behavior in the family. This leads to a decrease in the number of marriages and the birth rate. To increase the effectiveness of measures to increase the birth rate, it is necessary to influence public opinion about the reasons for which a marriage can be dissolved. In addition, the divorce laws need to be changed. In cases of a dispute between former spouses about the division of property or about which of them will have children, the courts should take into account the guilt of the husband or wife in the divorce.","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135052254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XVI Grushin Readings at Lomonosov University","authors":"Maria E. Anikina, Victor M. Khroul","doi":"10.31857/s013216250025454-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31857/s013216250025454-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47425,"journal":{"name":"Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135052589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}