Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability最新文献

{"title":"A comparative study on the spatio-temporal patterns and drivers of net primary productivity in three basins across different climate gradients in China","authors":"X. Lai, Ying Xu, Beini Yin, Qing Zhu, Guojie Wang, Lijuan Miao","doi":"10.1177/2754124x241240164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x241240164","url":null,"abstract":"The comparative study on terrestrial net primary productivity in regions across climate gradients may help to better understand ecosystem response to climate change, yet is relatively understudied. Therefore, in this study, we compared the spatio-temporal patterns of net primary productivity during 2010-2019 and identify the different controls in three basins with typical climates in China: the Heihe River Basin with arid and semi-arid climate, Weihe River Basin with semi-arid and semi-humid climate, and Lower Yangtze River Basin with humid climate. Results indicated that the net primary productivity followed the order: Lower Yangtze River Basin (480.3 g C m−2 yr−1) > Weihe River Basin (346.7 g C m−2 yr−1) > Heihe River Basin (98.1 g C m−2 yr−1). The vegetation in the Heihe River Basin had severel hydrothermal limitation as the greatest importance of temperature and precipitation to the net primary productivity. In contrast, land cover type instead of climate became the most important variable on net primary productivity in the Weihe River Basin, and topography and land cover type were critical controls in the Lower Yangtze River Basin. In addition, the annual net primary productivity in all three areas exhibited an increasing trend during 2010-2019. However, the increase of net primary productivity in the Heihe River Basin was primarily driven by the increase of both temperature and precipitation due to the warming and humification in the northwestern of China. In contrast, the increase of temperature (especially spring warming) dominated the increase of net primary productivity in the Weihe River Basin and Lower Yangtze River Basin, due to the relatively sufficient precipitation. Furthermore, monthly net primary productivity exhibited a unimodal curve throughout the year. However, the increasing trend nearly stopped in June and July in the Lower Yangtze River Basin. This is possibly due to the light deficiency with abundant precipitation for plant photosynthesis in the natural ecosystem like forest and shrubland, and the rotation from wheat harvesting to rice planting in the cropland in these months.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertainty analysis of intra-module environmental stress parameter design in light use efficiency-based gross primary productivity estimation models","authors":"Cenliang Zhao, Wenquan Zhu","doi":"10.1177/2754124x241235545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x241235545","url":null,"abstract":"Terrestrial gross primary productivity is a key part in the carbon cycle, and the light use efficiency model is a widely employed tool for its estimation. However, since the specific designs of environmental stress parameters in light use efficiency models have obvious disparities, even for a single module (e.g., the temperature stress module), the uncertainties related to intra-module environmental stress parameters in light use efficiency models remain unclear. Thus, we gathered mainstream temperature and water stress parameters in light use efficiency models from existing publications, and employed a compatible framework to assess them from three perspectives: (1) identifying similarities and differences of environmental stress parameters; (2) evaluating the error propagation effect of input data under different environmental stress parameter combinations; and (3) assessing the generalization ability of environmental stress parameters. The results showed that the temperature stress parameters exhibited general homogeneity (shared 67.87% variance), while water stress parameters displayed noticeable internal variations (shared variance below 1.0%). Meanwhile, we revealed that the current flexible parameter combination method in light use efficiency model construction should be more cautious, since the flexible environmental stress parameter combinations would influence the error propagation effect from input data to final gross primary productivity estimations. In addition, our analysis found that the variance of environmental stress parameters was closely coupled to model estimation accuracy, and there was a positive relationship between the unique variance of temperature stress parameters and the ability of temperature stress parameters to describe gross primary productivity variation. Overall, the current environmental stress parameters demonstrated acceptable performance across most situations, except for biomes with high temperatures. This study provided a foundation towards the development of future parameter design, which may also inspire the application of empirical environmental factors in other gross primary productivity models.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric response of gross primary productivity to precipitation changes over China’s karst areas","authors":"Guanyu Dong, Hongqian Fang, Ling Yu, Yao Xiao, Shiyu Zhong","doi":"10.1177/2754124x231204715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x231204715","url":null,"abstract":"China’s karst areas play an important role in regulating the global carbon dynamic and mitigating atmospheric CO 2 concentration. Yet, extreme drought events have occurred frequently in recent years over China’s karst areas, which have a negative effect on the gross primary productivity (GPP) in the region. It is unclear whether gross primary productivity gains in the wet years can compensate for its losses in the dry years over the karst areas. In this study, we selected the asymmetry indices to assess the potential asymmetric response of gross primary productivity to the change in precipitation over China’s karst areas during the 2003 to 2018 period, using the gross primary productivity and precipitation dataset. Our results show that the gross primary productivity exhibits a positive asymmetry in response to precipitation changes, namely, the gains caused by increased precipitation in the wet years overcompensate the losses caused by decreased precipitation in the dry years. In addition, the gross primary productivity asymmetry shows an increasing trend over the study period despite extreme drought events occurring frequently, which is due to the response of gross primary productivity to drought has significantly decreased over the study period. For each biome, grasslands show the highest positive gross primary productivity asymmetry, indicating that the grassland biomes have a stronger capacity to utilize the increased precipitation during the wet years to increase gross primary productivity compared to other biomes. Furthermore, the gross primary productivity asymmetry over China’s karst areas can be effected by the precipitation asymmetry as well as mean annual precipitation. Our results will contribute to our knowledge of the response of gross primary productivity to precipitation changes in the karst areas of China.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135735231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of ecosystem services and ecological network coupling for ecological planning in karst regions of China","authors":"Yurong Han, Dayun Zhu, Zhigao Wu, Linjing Fu, Huanhuan Chang","doi":"10.1177/2754124x231209885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x231209885","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of the 21st century, recognizing the need for sustainable development and the protection of ecosystems, the United Nations and international agencies have been actively promoting the protection of the natural environment. The construction of ecological networks (EN), as one of these efforts, emphasizes the connectivity between natural patches and their ability to support ecosystem services (ES). Currently, constructing ecological networks using ecosystem services as a comprehensive evaluation criterion has become one of the important ways to maintain sustainable ecosystems. Karst regions have received much attention due to their fragile ecosystems, and this paper reviews articles from around the world that have studied ecosystem services and ecological networks in these regions. It found that this research is gradually maturing, although the number of published articles on research related to ecological networks is relatively small, with the largest number of papers taking the Chinese Karst region as a study area. Indicator factors for the construction of ecological networks in this region are usually based on ecosystem services, but they are usually not considered comprehensive enough, e.g., the trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services are rarely considered. At the same time, the construction of ecological networks requires dynamic monitoring and optimization on a larger scale in order to provide assistance for longer-term environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a landscape ecology pathway forward to restore ecosystem in highly urbanized areas","authors":"Zhenhuan Liu, Lai Wei, An Wang, Ziyu Liu, Fan Yang, Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1177/2754124x231199562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x231199562","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem restoration is a huge task for ecosystem management in the context of rapid urbanization processes from regional governance to global ecosystem restoration in the new era. Significant ecological restoration efforts are underway to improve the ecological quality in highly urbanized areas. However, the path forward is far from clear for those who wish to apply these approaches to manage the urban ecosystem. In this study, we present five core dimensions to guide a landscape-scale management approach to restore ecosystems, with the objective of integrating restoration targets, spatial identification, planning and projects, monitoring and evaluation across the whole ecological restoration. We illustrate some key steps of our approach to landscape-scale ecosystem management through case tudies from Shenzhen City in China. We propose that a landscape ecology pathway is best implemented at regional scale for ecosystem restoration.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrological effects of vegetation restoration in karst areas research: Progress and challenges","authors":"Qiuwen Zhou, Yingzhong Luo, Chunmao Shi, Yuan Li","doi":"10.1177/2754124x231199565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x231199565","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation restoration is an important way to improve karst ecosystems. Currently, research on the hydrological effects of vegetation restoration in karst areas has made great progress. However, the results obtained from the relevant studies have some limitations and uncertainties. Thus, this paper summarizes the research progress on the effects of karst vegetation restoration on five aspects: soil moisture, evapotranspiration, surface and subsurface runoff, water use efficiency and utilization strategies, and runoff generation and sink processes. The research showed that the existing studies’ evidence of the influence of vegetation restoration on runoff is still contradictory, with some suggesting that vegetation restoration can reduce soil moisture and runoff value, and others saying it can increase it. Furthermore, the ability of different types of vegetation to recover from water deficits varies across time scales, so focusing on spatial and temporal variations in evapotranspiration in karst regions is important. This article investigates water use efficiency in karst areas, as it is mainly controlled by vegetation types, climatic conditions, human activities and geological conditions, meaning the hydrogeological structure of karst has a very fundamental influence on water use efficiency in that region, we also investigate the effects of subsurface conditions in karst areas on the runoff generation and sink process as well as the type and stage of vegetation restoration, and geological factors affect vegetation restoration. Studies on the hydrological effects of vegetation restoration, however, are based on the relationship with a single element, describing its spatial and temporal variability, and they do not sufficiently quantify the reaction principles. This article also analyzes the problems and challenges in current studies, and proposes a combination of geophysical detection, establishing a dynamic model of the co-evolution of karst ecohydrology and surface karst zone mean with fieldwork to further verify the scientific validity of the results.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135735376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil erosion effects and mechanisms in the karst peak-cluster depression area from a multi-scale landscape perspective","authors":"Fujun Du, Yibo Zhang, Jiangbo Gao, Chao Li, Fengxian Huang, Liyuan Zuo, Yuan Jiang","doi":"10.1177/2754124x231209887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x231209887","url":null,"abstract":"The karst regions in southwest China are integral to maintaining regional ecological security. However, escalating human activities in these areas have intensified soil erosion and landscape fragmentation. Clarifying the role of landscape patterns in karst regions as drivers of soil erosion processes is essential for providing crucial support in mitigating regional soil erosion. By utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle detection, this study examined the soil erosion characteristics, driving factors, and interaction effects in peak-cluster depression landscapes. The investigation was conducted at multiple scales, including peak-cluster depression, grid, and patch levels, under the combined ecology–agriculture, ecology–economy and near–nature landscape utilization types. Furthermore, an optimal landscape pattern for alleviating soil erosion was identified. The research findings indicate that the proportions of mild and moderate erosion were higher in the ecology-agriculture landscape utilization type compared to the other two landscapes. In the ecology-economy type, slight soil erosion predominated. Increasing vegetation cover led to a decrease in soil erosion risk in the near-nature landscape utilization type. The interaction effects among factors contributed to an enhanced explanatory power for soil erosion. Particularly, the synergistic effect between vegetation coverage and land use exhibited the most significant influence on soil erosion. The mosaic distribution pattern of soil erosion sources and sinks, as well as the distribution pattern of fragmented source and aggregated sink distribution pattern, effectively mitigated soil loss, leading to reduced soil erosion rates.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135737936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation restoration in South China’s karst region under geological background constraint: Forest or non-forest","authors":"Yuemin Yue, Lu Wang, Xiangkun Qi, Kelin Wang","doi":"10.1177/2754124x231212396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2754124x231212396","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, the karst region in southern China has emerged as a critical area for ecological conservation and restoration, attracting global attention for its efforts in ‘greening.’ However, particular areas face challenges transitioning into forests due to the carbonate bedrock constraint, which likely undermines sustainability of greening efforts in karst regions. This study overviews the significant achievements in vegetation restoration in the karst region of southwest China, emphasizing the potential of short-term ecological restoration in effectively sequestering carbon, a valuable approach to achieving carbon neutrality in the region. However, combating rocky desertification remains difficult due to geological limitations that hinder large-scale afforestation. Additionally, variations in soil and rock composition impact the success and quality of vegetation restoration, leading to some areas failing to establish forests. Therefore, establishing the goals for rocky desertification control in different regions (enhancement, degradation, or reduction) should be based on current conditions and the evolutionary characteristics of rocky desertification. To facilitate precise afforestation and grass planting in the karst region, factors such as climate, rock conditions, and human-environment relationships should be considered in regional divisions, including natural restoration zones, artificial afforestation zones, grass planting zones, and protected zones.","PeriodicalId":472956,"journal":{"name":"Transactions in earth, environment, and sustainability","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}