{"title":"Green bonds: Catalyst or constraint for corporate green investment efficiency?","authors":"Xinkuo Xu, Chenxi Zhang, Lizhengbo Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green bonds have emerged as a critical external financing channel for corporate green investments. However, focusing solely on the scale of investment without considering efficiency provides an incomplete understanding of the role of such bonds. This paper investigates the impact of green bonds on green investment efficiency (GIE) using the DEA-Malmquist model, incorporating undesirable outputs. It also explores the influencing factors and mechanisms underlying this relationship. The key findings include the following: (1) Green bonds enhance GIE primarily through improved technical efficiency rather than technological progress. The scale of green bonds has an inverted U-shape relationship with GIE. (2) The effect is more pronounced in firms with low agency costs, firms with limited government subsidies, state-owned enterprises, and firms in heavily polluting industries. (3) Green bonds contribute to GIE by bridging the gaps in internal green governance and amplifying external pressures, such as media attention. (4) A lag effect is observed, with benefits for pollution reduction and the efficiency of green technological innovation manifesting over time. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of green bonds, offering a dual perspective on their economic and environmental impacts while guiding policies and practices for sustainable corporate development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Mbanyele , Hongyun Huang , Ying Liu , Xinwei Qu
{"title":"Foreign bank entry and corporate emissions: Evidence from staggered deregulations in China","authors":"William Mbanyele , Hongyun Huang , Ying Liu , Xinwei Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we estimate the impact of staggered foreign bank entry deregulation in China on corporate emissions. We find that firms significantly reduce their emissions following the entry of foreign banks. This impact is more concentrated in financially constrained and bank dependent firms, as well as firms with severe ex-ante agency costs. Firms exposed to high environmental litigation risk, facing less local economic pressure to meet growth targets and located in areas with lower ex-ante banking competition also show a significant reduction in emissions post-foreign bank entry deregulation. Moreover, our investigation shows that foreign bank entry contributes to corporate emissions reduction through the adoption of pollution abatement equipment and green technologies. Overall, we uncover new evidence on the impact of foreign bank entry on social welfare outcomes, thereby expanding our understanding of the role of financial market openness in moving toward a low-carbon economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144510944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economic freedom and market resilience: Safeguarding liquidity in times of crisis","authors":"Hyun Joung Jin , Jang-Chul Kim , Qing Su","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the link between the liquidity of non-U.S. stocks listed on the NYSE and the economic freedom of their home countries, with a particular focus on the COVID-19 pandemic. The key hypothesis suggests that greater economic freedom enhances stock liquidity by reducing information asymmetry and transaction costs. The findings confirm that stocks from countries with higher economic freedom exhibit narrower bid-ask spreads, lower price impacts, and reduced information-based trading, indicating improved market efficiency. Additionally, the study finds that economic freedom played a crucial role in maintaining liquidity and market stability during the pandemic. Countries with stronger financial, investment, and trade freedom experienced smaller declines in liquidity, suggesting that regulatory flexibility and transparent financial systems helped mitigate the effects of external shocks. These results highlight the importance of economic freedom in fostering resilient financial markets and reducing market disruptions during crises. The study provides practical implications for policymakers, investors, and financial institutions by emphasizing the need to promote economic freedom through transparent regulations, investor protections, and efficient market structures. Ultimately, the research supports the idea that higher economic freedom not only enhances financial market efficiency in normal conditions but also acts as a stabilizing force in times of economic uncertainty and global crises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the role of crude oil futures in portfolio diversification","authors":"Ching-Chi Hsu , Wei-Che Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the potential diversification benefits of including crude oil futures in global portfolios. For this purpose, we assess the relationship between crude oil futures and international stock markets across different timeframes using static network connectedness and wavelet coherency analyses. The results show that crude oil exerts a significant influence on stock markets, particularly over the 128–256 day horizon, with this effect intensifying during epidemic periods. Our wavelet-based covariance analysis guides the calculation of optimal portfolio weights, revealing that these strategies outperform equal-weighted portfolios over longer horizons. Furthermore, crude oil futures receive higher allocations during periods of low market interdependence, offering valuable insights for risk minimization and dynamic portfolio management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Central bank swap arrangements, exchange rate volatility, and China’s exports","authors":"Zhuqing Liu , Junmei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the impact of bilateral currency swap arrangements (BSAs) implemented by the People's Bank of China (PBoC) on China’s export from the perspective of stabilizing exchange rate volatility, utilizing annual trade data from 2009 to 2019. We find a significant positive effect of BSAs on China’s exports to the countries that have signed BSAs by stabilizing bilateral exchange rate volatility. The PBoC’S BSAs can reduce currency exchange costs, accelerate the RMB internationalization and enhance international market confidence in the RMB. The heterogeneity analysis further demonstrates stronger treatment effects among: (1) non-Belt and Road Initiative participants, (2) APEC member states, (3) developing economies, and (4) countries without a floating exchange rate regime.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temporal dynamics of uncertainty shocks on China's trade openness: A TVP-VAR estimation","authors":"Petros Golitsis , Kyriakos Emmanouilidis","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of multiple uncertainty factors on China's trade openness from 1997 to 2023. Employing a time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) model, we analyze how geopolitical risks, economic policy uncertainties, trade policy uncertainties, and climate policy uncertainties affect China's export-to-import ratio over different time horizons. The analysis incorporates both global and China-specific uncertainty indices to capture domestic and international dimensions. Our results indicate that uncertainty shocks exhibit their strongest effects in the first quarter following the shock, with impacts diminishing but remaining significant over longer horizons. The time-varying impulse response functions reveal differential effects across various economic periods, including notable responses following major economic events such as the 2008 financial crisis and subsequent Eurozone debt crisis. We find that climate policy developments coincide with observable shifts in trade patterns<strong>,</strong> which could be associated with changes in environmental technology sectors. These findings have implications for understanding how trade flows respond to various shocks in an increasingly complex global economic environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 100916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ETF connectedness and its applications: Evidence from RCEP member countries","authors":"Zhenyang Li , Yuanying Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates market linkages among the member countries of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), focusing on Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) as a cross-market investment tool. Using daily ETF data from March 31, 2011, to October 1, 2024, we apply the GJR-BEKK-GARCH model and the time-varying frequency connectedness method to analyze ETF connectedness among RCEP member countries from both time-frequency and return-volatility perspectives. The results reveal significant heterogeneity in ETFs' returns and volatilities, with connectedness showing clear time-varying patterns. During economic events, risk transmission mechanisms vary, with RCEP markets showing heightened sensitivity to global shocks. Dynamic analysis of return and volatility connectedness uncovers market linkage relationships at different stages. Portfolio optimization further suggests that multi-asset ETF portfolios exhibit varying risk diversification effects under different strategies, providing valuable insights for asset allocation and risk management in a globalized market.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 100908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anis Samet , Kimberly C. Gleason , Feras M. Salama , Xi Ye
{"title":"How did banks react to SVB collapse?","authors":"Anis Samet , Kimberly C. Gleason , Feras M. Salama , Xi Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is the first to comprehensively investigates the stock market repercussions of the SVB collapse for a sample of 528 individual bank stocks across 35 countries. Using event-study methodology, we find that the resilience of banks during the SVB collapse is intricately linked to their capital adequacy and liquidity. Specifically, banks exhibiting higher capital adequacy and greater liquidity mitigate losses during the SVB collapse, while controlling for bank-level and country-level variables. Further, we find that emerging markets banks exhibited significantly lower stock price declines upon announcement of the SVB failure than their counterparts in developed countries, indicating higher resilience to crisis for banks in emerging markets. This study offers a further understanding of the importance of capital adequacy and liquidity in shaping banks’ resilience to banking sector crises, such as the SVB collapse, and provides implications for policymakers seeking to enact policies designed to reduce bank vulnerability to external shocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is the relationship between financial globalization and financial stability heterogeneous? Evidence from emerging markets and developing economies","authors":"Sunny Kumar Singh , Salva","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the association between financial stability and financial globalization for 59 emerging markets and developing countries (EMDEs) from 2000 to 2019. Our findings from the baseline model reveal that the relationship between financial stability and financial globalization varies, depending on dimensions of financial globalization (overall, <em>de facto</em>, <em>de jure</em>) and financial stability. The relationship shows nonlinear and heterogeneous patterns across quantiles of financial stability, characterized by well-defined extreme points within the data range. Specifically, by employing panel quantile regression technique, we find that financially unstable countries (lower quantiles of financial stability) exhibit a U-shaped relationship between dimensions of financial globalization and financial stability. In comparison, an inverted U-shaped relationship appears for financially stable countries. Further, we find that countries with weak institutional and financial development exhibit U-shaped relations, experiencing initial instability followed by stability. Conversely, financial stability initially improves for countries with strong institutional and financial development but declines as integration deepens. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening institutions to harness the benefits of financial globalization while mitigating associated risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 100899"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technical indicators and aggregate stock returns: An updated look","authors":"Qi Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mulfin.2025.100898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We provide updated analyses of technical indicators and aggregate stock return forecasting. We construct 105 new technical indicators as big data predictors and adopt eight advanced shrinkage methods in our forecasting analyses. Our evidence suggests that the refinements of 105 technical factors successfully overcome those of Neely et al.’s (2014) 14 technical variables to a large extent and challenge the forecasting role of Welch and Goyal's (2008) 14 popular macroeconomic variables when ENet and Lasso are used. The excellent performance of the forecasting information based on 105 technical indicators generates sufficiently high in-sample and out-of-sample <em>R</em>-squared values and economically sizable gains in forecasting the excess returns of the composite Standard & Poor 500 market. The corresponding evidence remains robust to changes in the business cycle, forecasting horizons, and alternative evaluation periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47268,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multinational Financial Management","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 100898"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}