Agrarnyj vestnik Urala最新文献

{"title":"Estimation of financial contagion in agricultural commodity futures markets using correlation analysis","authors":"Anton Ovcharov","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-60-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-60-69","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In the context of financial instability affecting all sectors of the modern economy, an important direction is the study of the effects of contagion – the transmission of instability through different channels between countries, industries and individual economic assets. The purpose of the article was to analyze the comovement of prices for agricultural goods through the study of the relationships of profitability of commodity futures and to obtain on this basis estimates of the scale and direction of financial contagion in food markets. Methods. Advanced methods of correlation analysis were used in the article: correlation coefficients adjusted for heteroscedasticity were determined; the hypothesis of the presence of infection was tested using Forbes – Rigobon test statistics. In addition, based on the calculation of the volatility of commodity futures using the rolling standard deviation method, the time periods necessary to detect infection were distinguished. Scientific novelty. For the first time in Russian practice, an analysis of the effects of financial contagion on the agricultural sector was carried out; quantitative estimates of the scale and direction of infection spreading through internal channels of exchange trade in food products were obtained. Results. A study of the dynamics of prices for some futures for 2003–2022 made it possible to identify periods of increased volatility of commodity markets. It took the highest values in 2008–2009 and 2020–2022 – during these periods, volatility shocks led to the spread of contagion in the futures markets of agricultural commodities. However, the scale of infection was uneven. In the crisis of 2008–2009, 51.8 % of cases of infection were detected, while in 2020–2022 this share was 23.2 %. As for the transmission of infection in paired bundles of the type “commodity-source  commodity-recipient”, most often the sources and recipients were cocoa, coffee and sugar, the least often – soybean meal and lean hogs. In addition, the analysis of paired correlations made it possible to conclude that the predominance of bidirectional contagion.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economics of agricultural transport","authors":"G. Iovlev","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-18-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-18-30","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose of the study is assess the performance of a variety of different types of vehicles used in agricultural production. Methods. An interpretation of the technical and economic indicators characterizing agricultural transport is proposed, the features of determining the productivity of a tractor transport unit, the cost of one transported ton are considered. Probability theory was used to determine the indicators “Load waiting time”, “Vehicle loading time”. The conditions of operation of vehicles as part of harvesting and transport complexes are considered. Results. Based on the field research, when harvesting corn for silage, the economic efficiency of the use of vehicles was determined. A comparative analysis was carried out using cars and tractor transport units. As a result of the research, it was revealed that for energy-saturated tractors, with tractor trailers corresponding to them in traction properties, the productivity is higher than for MTZ-82 tractors with trailers PST-9 and 2PTS-6 by 2.1–2.3 times than for KamAZ-5511 vehicles by 1.9 times. At the same time, unit costs are lower by 10–-13 % and 5.7 %, respectively. It is recommended that agricultural organizations harvesting fodder crops ensure the optimal ratio of forage harvesters and vehicles; if possible, when transporting green mass, use energy-saturated tractors with appropriate tractor trailers and heavy trucks with trailers. The scientific novelty consists in clarifying and supplementing such technical and economic indicators that characterize the operation of vehicles in agriculture, such as Coefficient of use of working time, Coefficient of use of load capacity, etc. Mathematical dependencies are proposed to calculate these indicators and assess their impact on transport economics.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The strategy of economic growth on the example of the export of agricultural organic products","authors":"Valentina Kundius, O Rushickaya, Tat'yana Kruzhkova, Aleksey Ruchkin","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-42-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-42-49","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Purpose. The article deals the issues of marketing research in strategy implementation of economic growth on example of agricultural organic products export to countries of South-East Asia and China. Methods. The authors use statistical data, comparative analysis, and forecasting to verify and confirm their conclusions. The author’s development is based on the method of mathematical modeling. Results. Export outlook of domestic production and consumer behavior were examined. The conclusion was made that the possibility of improvement of a feed quality of the country’s population specifically connected with a level of its life. Scientific novelty. This kind of possibility has become more real with the transition to import substitution and the development of export-oriented agriculture. Especially it is correct for organic agricultural production. It is based on innovative alternative land use and conservation of natural (primarily land) resources, demand for agricultural organic products in countries of South-East Asia and China. Practical significance. Authors also represents the results of marketing research the attitude of consumer behavior at the agricultural organic food products in Russia. These data may be useful for marketing research customers in countries of South-East Asia and China. The results obtained will also be of interest to domestic producers focused on the production of organically pure products, since in combination with the analysis of the consumption market, changes in the values of the population, it is possible to calculate and plan the capacity of the market in the future.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current state and conditions of sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding in Russia","authors":"Vyacheslav I Kotarev, Alena Kotareva, Irina Vasilenko, Dmitriy Shaykin","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-31-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-31-41","url":null,"abstract":"Annotation. The purpose was to study the key aspects of the functioning of domestic dairy cattle breeding and to determine the strategic directions of state support for this industry segment in order to increase efficiency, innovation and sustainability of development. The materials of publications of Russian scientists in the field of improving methods and approaches to the management of the livestock sector in Russia, in particular, dairy cattle breeding, were used in the work. Various regulatory documents (programs, strategies, reports, summaries) of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, official statistics of Rosstat were also used. The following scientific approaches were used: system, situational, logical, dialectical, functional. Among the scientific methods it is worth noting: abstraction, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy, generalization, scientific explanation, dialectic, idealization, mental experiment, hypothetical-deductive method, method of axiomatization and formalization, description and comparison. The scientific novelty lies in the development and justification of strategic directions of state regulation of sustainable development of the sphere of domestic dairy cattle breeding. The results are as follows: a study of the state and dynamics of the development of the sphere of domestic dairy cattle breeding (raw milk production, livestock, milk yield), as well as trends in the consumer market of milk and dairy products (capacity, structure, consumption volumes, price), was also considered the mechanism of state support for this the industry segment of the agro-industrial complex, which included the following tools: regulatory support; investments; customs and tariff regulation. In conclusion, the key risks and threats that hinder the sustainable and balanced development of this industry were highlighted, as well as a list of strategic directions of state support for the development of dairy cattle breeding in Russia in order to increase efficiency, investment activity, quality and safety of dairy products.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The possibilities of adapting digital technologies for the development of agricultural production","authors":"Matvey Oborin, Mikhail Gorodilov","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-50-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-50-59","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. One of the priority directions of the state's development at present is the formation of the digital economy. The development of priority economic activities without taking into account the achievements of scientific and technological progress is impossible in a strategic perspective, especially in the field of food security, taking into account global geopolitical and macroeconomic changes. It is necessary to take advantage of the positive high results of increasing agricultural production volumes, supporting this trend with digital improvements at various stages of key business processes. The subject of the study is digital technologies in agriculture. The purpose of the study is to study the problems and prospects of the introduction of digital technologies in the agriculture of the Russian Federation at the present stage. The main research methods are 1) methods of analysis, induction and deduction; 2) methods of generalization and synthesis, scientific abstraction; 3) methods of socio-economic modeling. Research objectives: 1) study of economic and managerial features of digital technologies in agriculture; 2) determine the directions of digital technologies in the field of agricultural production and characterize the stages of this process; 3) develop a process model for managing the introduction of digital technologies in the field of agriculture. Scientific novelty. A process model for managing the introduction of digital technologies in the field of agriculture is presented. Results. The analysis of the state of the agricultural complex in the context of innovative development is carried out. In modern agriculture, there is an increasing need for the use of modern technologies, including data collection, storage and processing systems. The use of IT technologies contributes to increasing the yield and profitability of agriculture, reducing material costs, and more efficient allocation of funds. In general, if certain conditions are met, digital transformation will ensure the sustainable development of agriculture and increase its competitiveness.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State of production and qualities of fruits and vegetables","authors":"Lyudmila Protasova, Vladimir Nabokov","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-70-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-70-79","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Fruits and vegetables play an important role in the human diet. The purpose of the study is to analyze statistical data on the production of agricultural products and the reasons for low consumer satisfaction with the quality of fruits and vegetables and services of the SberMarket online service and develop corrective actions in the system product quality. Research methods are analysis, observation, consumer surveys and quality management approaches to reduce the number of consumer complaints about the quality of products and services. The dynamics of agricultural production in general and crop production, in particular, in Russia from 2013 to 2020 is analyzed, namely, production volumes in actual prices, the gross harvest of potatoes, vegetables, fruits and berries, as well as the share fruit and vegetable products by produced category of farms . In the context of the coronavirus pandemic, there have been major changes in the fruit and vegetable market, in particular, the sale of goods and fruits and vegetables to certain groups of the population was carried out through online trading services. LLC “Instamart-Servis” (SberMarket) provided customer service through a website and a mobile application in one hundred and thirty-four Russian cities in partnership with the METRO Cash & Carry shopping center chain, as well as with thirty unother stores. The satisfaction of consumers with the quality of products and services of the “SberMarket” online service and with trading enterprises of the city of Ekaterinburg in 2020 and 2021 was studied. Results. The dynamics of economic indicators made it possible to identify trends and opportunities for the development of agricultural production in the country; during the coronavirus pandemic, online trading played an important role in providing consumers with high-quality fruit and vegetable products, however, data from a survey of two hundred and thirty consumers of the “SberMarket” online service made it possible to identify insufficient satisfaction with the quality of products and services, determine the causes of inconsistencies and develop recommendations for improving product quality and services of the “SberMarket” online service. Scientific novelty. The possibilities of increasing the volume of fruit and vegetable production under the conditions of Western sanctions are revealed, both through investment in infrastructure and through the expansion of consumer cooperation to consolidate the fruit and vegetable market with private households, also the necessity of using methodological approaches of quality management to identify the causes of quality inconsistencies and the development of corrective actions in order to increase consumer satisfaction with the quality of products and services of the SberMarket online service, in accordance with the requirements of GOST R ISO 9001-2015, is substantiated.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic planning of agro-industrial complex development in ensuring economic and food security of Russia","authors":"Nikolay Sbitnev, Sergey Chernov","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-80-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-80-89","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the directions of improving the system of state strategic planning for the development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in the conditions of permanent geopolitical pressure on the economy to ensure the economic and food security of our country. Tasks that were solved during the research: the analysis of trends in the development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia, the main indicators characterizing the economic results of its work; the main legal documents defining the priorities of strategic planning for the development of the agro-industrial complex are considered; the main strategic problems and priorities of its development to ensure the economic and food security of the country are identified. The main research methods were economic-statistical, tabular, graphical, predictive, comparative with subsequent data generalization. The information base included materials from the Government of the Russian Federation, the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, as well as current regulations. The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the expediency and necessity of improving state strategic decisions in the field of agricultural development in the context of new sanctions measures by unfriendly states. The priorities of state support for the development of the industry in the long term have been identified, among which it is necessary to include a change in the structure of the agro-industrial complex, its technological renewal and financial support for agricultural producers in the conditions of the sanctions and post-sanctions period. The results consist in determining the main strategic priorities of the state in the development of the agro-industrial complex, aimed at improving the system of strategic planning for the development of the industry and ensuring the economic and food security of the country in the conditions of the sanctions and post-sanctions period.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135644291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subsidizing as a factor in the efficiency and innovative development of agriculture in Kazakhstan","authors":"Sanat Seitov","doi":"10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-90-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2023-228-13-90-104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The existing subsidy payments actually leads to overpricing of resources by suppliers and, as a consequence, to reduction of economic availability for all other agricultural producers, who don’t receive support measures. A limited number of economic entities receive short-term financial benefits from subsidies, which don’t refer to the whole agricultural sector. The purpose is to propose and substantiate recommendations for increasing the economic return on agricultural subsidies in Kazakhstan. Methods. The paper applies a statistical analysis of economic return on agricultural subsidies in Kazakhstan. The work estimates volumes of used resources and produced goods per 1 ruble of subsidies (considering their types). Scientific novelty consists in clarifying approaches to the assessment of economic efficiency of agricultural subsidies; determining the factors restraining the agricultural development in Kazakhstan at the expense of subsidies; proposing and justification of measures to mitigate these factors. Results. The focus of support on short-term results (replenishment of working capital instead of introducing new technologies); the orientation of support on gross indicators instead of production efficiency; insufficient funding for general services in the agricultural sector – are factors that hinder the growth of the returns from subsidies. The article proposes the improvement measures: 1) linking subsidies with production efficiency, application of innovative and environmentally friendly technologies; 2) re-orientation of subsidies in favor of domestic production of resources for agriculture; 3) financing of domestic breeding science, seed production. These measures are based on the need to overcome the technological backwardness of agriculture in Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":472402,"journal":{"name":"Agrarnyj vestnik Urala","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}