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GREAT EXPECTATIONS: WORDPLAY AS WARFARE IN CAESAR'S BELLVM CIVILE 伟大的期望:文字游戏在凯撒的bellvm平民战争
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1017/s000983882300040x
Lauren Donovan Ginsberg
{"title":"GREAT EXPECTATIONS: WORDPLAY AS WARFARE IN CAESAR'S <i>BELLVM CIVILE</i>","authors":"Lauren Donovan Ginsberg","doi":"10.1017/s000983882300040x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s000983882300040x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article argues that Caesar puns on the cognomen of Pompey the Great through his use of the adjective magnus at least twice in his Bellum Civile . In each instance, the wordplay contributes to (1) evoking the memory of Pompey's past triumphs and (2) exploring the gulf between past reputation and present reality. By focussing on this particular wordplay, the article contributes to a wider discussion of Caesarean language and wit as well as to studies of Caesar's art of characterization.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"6 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HELLENISTIC WAR-ELEPHANTS AND THE USE OF ALCOHOL BEFORE BATTLE 希腊战象和战前饮酒
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1017/s000983882300037x
Silvannen R. Gerrard
{"title":"HELLENISTIC WAR-ELEPHANTS AND THE USE OF ALCOHOL BEFORE BATTLE","authors":"Silvannen R. Gerrard","doi":"10.1017/s000983882300037x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s000983882300037x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article assesses whether Hellenistic war-elephants were given alcohol before battle. First recorded in 1 Maccabees’ account of the battle of Beth-Zechariah (162 b.c.e. ), this unusual detail is supported by the later comments of Aelian and Philes of Ephesus. The idea also recalls a failed Ptolemaic attempt to punish the Jews in 3 Maccabees and in Josephus, and resonates with a longstanding association of elephants and alcohol in popular thought. Unfortunately, despite the recent rise in scholarly interest on war-elephants, this issue remains overlooked. This article reassesses the complexities of our sources and the practicalities of Hellenistic battles. Adopting a comparative approach to contemporary Indian material for this practice, it considers the prevalence of elephants in musth in the Indian epics, alongside the etymological link between this condition and Sanskrit concepts of drunkenness. It argues that this connection may have prompted the idea of giving elephants alcohol before battle, despite its unlikeliness as a standard feature of elephant warfare.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NE SPADONES FIANT: DOMITIAN'S EMASCULATION BAN 新spadones法令:domitian的阉割禁令
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000381
Juan P. Lewis
{"title":"<i>NE SPADONES FIANT</i>: DOMITIAN'S EMASCULATION BAN","authors":"Juan P. Lewis","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000381","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article questions the prevailing opinion that Domitian's prohibition of castration was intended as a protective measure devised to check masters’ abuses on their slaves, as part of a larger trend towards more enlightened attitudes towards slavery among the Romans. While brutal, castration was the only type of mutilation which increased the monetary value of slaves. Banning it curtailed slaves’ chances of social climbing and narrowed their channels towards positions of power. The emasculation ban is, instead, better understood as one of the many measures directed towards the control of the sexual behaviour and the sumptuary practices of the Roman elite. Introduced as a censorial decree, the ban gave Domitian the opportunity to act as the upholder of Republican traditions at the same time as he impinged on the private lives of his subjects and put senators and equestrians under his thumb. The article also argues that, contrary to what is usually argued, the constant re-enforcement of the prohibition to castrate by Domitian's successors is an indication of the effectiveness of the Roman legal machinery and its capacity to reach the most distant corners of the Roman empire.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"5 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THREE PASSAGES OF ANCIENT PROLEGOMENA TO ARATUS 三段关于阿拉图斯的古代预言
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000435
Oliver Thomas
{"title":"THREE PASSAGES OF ANCIENT PROLEGOMENA TO ARATUS","authors":"Oliver Thomas","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000435","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An eighth-century Latin version of a Greek edition of Aratus preserves valuable ancient scholarship on the Phaenomena , including material not preserved in Greek. Examination of over thirteen thousand Latin–Greek correspondences enables one to interpret passages of the Latin that have so far resisted analysis, including information about an ancient edition equipped with critical signs and commentary, ancient discussion of the primary narratee in Aratus and Homer, and the alternative proem to Anclides ( SH 84).","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE SUPPRESSION OF THE DRUIDS IN CAESAR'S GALLIC WAR 在恺撒的高卢战争中镇压德鲁伊教
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000447
Tyler Creer
{"title":"THE SUPPRESSION OF THE DRUIDS IN CAESAR'S <i>GALLIC WAR</i>","authors":"Tyler Creer","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000447","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ancient testimonia on the Druids are few in number and sparse on details, and they have yielded a broad range of scholarly opinions on the Druids’ function among the Gauls. This article examines the suspiciously limited role played by the Druids in Julius Caesar's Gallic War (= BGall .). Considering the work of both classicists and archaeologists, it argues that, given Caesar's demonstrated propensity for tailoring his portrayals of northern Europeans to fit with his narrative objectives, he deliberately omitted the Druids from nearly all of the Gallic War save for a brief ethnographic digression on the Gauls. This he did in order to downplay the sophistication of the Gauls, and the threat they posed to the Romans, since the Druids were likely a potent source of anti-Roman sentiment during Caesar's time in Gaul, just as they seem to have been in the Early Imperial period.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"4 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
‘WHERE CIVIL BLOOD MAKES CIVIL HANDS UNCLEAN’: THE MODEL OF STASIS IN SALLUST “在那里,平民之血使平民之手不洁”:这是杀戮中的停滞模式
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000411
Héctor Paleo‐Paz
{"title":"‘WHERE CIVIL BLOOD MAKES CIVIL HANDS UNCLEAN’: THE MODEL OF <i>STASIS</i> IN SALLUST","authors":"Héctor Paleo‐Paz","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000411","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The following paper proposes that Sallust offers a conceptualization of civil conflict more in line with the Greek paradigm of stasis than with its Roman counterpart bellum ciuile . In doing so, it argues for the actual coexistence of these two differentiated conceptual strands in the political thought of the Late Republic. To this end, Sallust's corpus is analysed to identify the main threads that articulate civil strife in its multifarious manifestations: how it arises and who its protagonists are or, conversely, how it is kept in check, how it is connected to the human passions that drive ideology, and the violence that stems from the clash between political and familial spheres of influence. The article shows how the pathos of familial drama is what characterizes civil conflict for Sallust, rather than the struggle for legitimacy found in Cicero's narrative.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136381347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE PRYTANEION DECREE (IG I3 131) AND SITÊSIS FOR ATHLETES prytaneion法令(ig i3131)和运动员sitÊsis
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000393
Christian Mann
{"title":"THE PRYTANEION DECREE (<i>IG</i> I<sup>3</sup> 131) AND <i>SITÊSIS</i> FOR ATHLETES","authors":"Christian Mann","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000393","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the 150 years since Schöll's seminal work, the Prytaneion Decree has been studied frequently. Of the groups of honourees mentioned in the decree, the agonistic victors have received the least attention. Most scholars have simply attributed them, without further discussion, to the sphere of war or to the sphere of religion. In this article, athletics is understood as a sphere of action with its own logic: the passages on athletes in the decree are examined in detail and situated within the debate in classical Athens about whether victors of the Panhellenic Games should be honoured by the polis and to what extent. The strange duplication in the decree, which first regulates honours for agonistic victors in general and, in a second paragraph, honours for hippic victors, is related to some texts that viewed hippic victories more critically than gymnic ones. A precise dating of the decree is not possible, but there were several events in the fifth century that might have created the desire among Athenians for a general regulation of sitêsis for athletes.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"7 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135216835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE THEME AND TARGET OF PLATO'S DIALOGUES IN NEOPLATONIST COSMO-LITERARY THEORY 新柏拉图主义宇宙文学理论中柏拉图对话录的主题与目标
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000332
Anna Motta
{"title":"THE THEME AND TARGET OF PLATO'S DIALOGUES IN NEOPLATONIST COSMO-LITERARY THEORY","authors":"Anna Motta","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000332","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper investigates Neoplatonist literary criticism by framing the special interest in the target of each dialogue within the context of cosmo-literary theory. The starting hypothesis is that the themes of Plato's dialogues do not fully meet the expectations of a new didactics based on isagogical schemes as an image of Neoplatonic metaphysics. Among these schemes is the target of each dialogue, whose relation to the theme can be explained, in a fruitful and innovative way, through a cosmic analogy. Thus after examining the more or less explicit criticism of literary criteria of analysis by Plato's ancient exegetes, this article will focus on how Neoplatonists load the Greek term skopos (target) with metaphysical content and, accordingly, on how we should translate it in accordance with the commentators’ intentions. It will show that the target is the literary counterpart to the One, but that it should not be confused with the theme because the latter must be seen as the literary counterpart to the Intellect.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136060052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PLATO, SOPHIST 259C7–D7: CONTRARY PREDICATION AND GENUINE REFUTATION 柏拉图,诡辩家259c7-d7:相反的预言和真正的反驳
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000344
John D. Proios
{"title":"PLATO, <i>SOPHIST</i> 259C7–D7: CONTRARY PREDICATION AND GENUINE REFUTATION","authors":"John D. Proios","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000344","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper defends an interpretation of Plato, Soph . 259c7–d7, which describes a distinction between genuine and pretender forms of ‘examination’ or ‘refutation’ ( ἔλεγχος ). The passage speaks to a need, throughout the dialogue, to differentiate the truly philosophical method from the merely eristic method. But its contribution has been obscured by the appearance of a textual problem at 259c7–8. As a result, scholars have largely not recognized that the Eleatic Stranger recommends accepting contrary predication as a condition of genuine refutation. After reviewing various proposals to change the text, the paper defends this reading. Finally, the paper turns to the methodological significance of accepting contrary predication. The dialogue depicts contrary predication as an instance of a class of statements that compel the soul's disbelief. Soph . 259c7–d7 suggests that these kinds of statements are a crossroad: one can either reject them and turn to eristic discourse or accept them and practise genuine refutation. The paper reflects on what this indicates about Plato's meditations on contradiction and philosophy.","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135015738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
JULIAN THE APOSTATE AND THE ΠΙΣΤΙΣ OF ABRAHAM 叛教者朱利安和亚伯拉罕的ΠΙΣΤΙΣ
3区 历史学
CLASSICAL QUARTERLY Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1017/s0009838823000368
Brad Boswell
{"title":"JULIAN THE APOSTATE AND THE ΠΙΣΤΙΣ OF ABRAHAM","authors":"Brad Boswell","doi":"10.1017/s0009838823000368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0009838823000368","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In his brief comments on the Abraham-episodes of Genesis 15:1–11, Emperor Julian the Apostate indirectly attacks the apostle Paul's interpretation that Abraham exhibited πίστις as a justifying ‘faith’. Through a close reading of the biblical text, he interprets Abraham as, rather, receiving a divine πίστις— a ‘pledge’ or ‘confirming sign’—during two theurgical rituals. Although modern scholars have overlooked Julian's subtle argument, Cyril of Alexandria recognized Julian's strategy and responded directly. Attention to Julian's and Cyril's competing accounts shows that different conceptual grammars, tied to rival traditional narratives, lay behind their incompatible claims to Abraham and his πίστις .","PeriodicalId":47185,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL QUARTERLY","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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