Problemi geomorfologìï ì paleogeografìï Ukraïnsʹkih Karpat ì prileglih teritorìj最新文献

{"title":"STATE AND MONITORING OF CARPATIAN NATIONAL PARK TOURIST ROUTES’ MICRORELIEF","authors":"Vitaliy Brusak, Ihor Gnatiak, Viktoria Shtuhlynets","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3946","url":null,"abstract":"Recreation is one of the anthropogenic factors of negative impact on the natural environment of the Ukrainian Carpathians and, above all, on the natural complexes of the national parks of the region. In this regard, the Carpathian NPP with a developed recreational infrastructure – a network of tourist routes and stationary recreation areas is an indicative example. Excessive recreational load causes recreational digression and activation of erosion processes on tourist routes. It was established that different tourist routes have different general state of recreational digression and different length of sections with signs of erosion processes. The greatest degradation of natural complexes is characteristic in Chornagora for trails – “To Hoverla Mountain” and “To Lake Nesamovyte”, and in Skibovy Gorgany – for the “Dovbush Trail” and part of the route of the trail “To Makovytsia Mountain”. On the trail “To Hoverla Mountain” dominate strong and catastrophic V stage of recreational digression (over 90% of the trail's length). On the Dovbush Trail V stage prevails on the slope and transition types of the trail and IV stage of recreational digression prevails on the subhorizontal type of trail. On the path “To Lake Nesamovyte” there is mostly strong and medium degree V stage of digression. On the route “To Makovytsia Mountain” the weak and moderate degree of V stage of digression prevails in the forest belt, on the climb to the top of the mountain with meadow vegetation there is a medium and strong degree of V stage of recreational digression. On the path “Prutu Valley – Maryshevska Ridge – Shpytsi Ridge” prevails the weak grade of V stage. On the trail “Prypir – Zaroslyak” there is a gradual transition of separate sections from the V to the IV and III stages of recreational digression due to the sharp decrease in the recreational load. Monitoring of the microrelief state of four routes using erosion groove measurement method for 46 cross-sections shows that among the key sections with subhorizontal relief the smallest changes were for the path on the forest weather site of the Chernogorsk Geographical Station of the Ivan Franko LNU, the watershed and valleyside parts of the trail “Prypir – Zaroslyak”. The largest changes were monitored for the micro-relief of the path “To Hoverlu Mountain”. Among the slope parts of the key areas, the maximum groove (58–73 cm) was recorded above the forest boundary of the route to “To Hoverla Mountain”. In the forest zone this value does not exceed 16 cm. A large number of outcrops of massive sandstones caused minimal changes in the microrelief of the slopes of the route in key sections of the Dovbush Trail, and the dense root system of trees contributes to the accumulation of washed material. The analysis of signs of erosion and denudation processes on the routes shows that the main reason for their occurrence is the excess of anthropogenic loading during massive climbing to the top of Hoverla in combination with rai","PeriodicalId":471026,"journal":{"name":"Problemi geomorfologìï ì paleogeografìï Ukraïnsʹkih Karpat ì prileglih teritorìj","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOGRAPHICAL EDUCATION AND SCIENCE AT LVIV UNIVERSITY: HISTORY AND ТODAY","authors":"Volodymyr Bilanyuk, Yevhen Ivanov","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3944","url":null,"abstract":"The history of geographical education and science at Lviv University is considered. The Austrian scientist Beltazar Hacquet should be considered the forerunner of geography at the university. In 1882, Emperor Franz Joseph issued an order to establish a geography department at the university's philosophy faculty, and in 1883, the education of geographers began. In 1911, the geography department was called the Institute of Geography, and later again the department. In 1945, the faculty of geography was created with four departments: general and physical geography, regional physical geography, economic geography, and geodesy and cartography. The bibliographic data of famous scientists who worked at the geography faculty in different years are presented. The formation and development of geography at Lviv University is associated with such famous figures as Antony Reman, Hryhoriy Velychko, Stepan Rudnytskyi, Yuriy Polyanskyi, Olena Stepaniv, Petro Tsis, Kalenyk Gerenchuk, Opanas Vashchenko, Havrylo Miller, Fedir Zastavnyi, Anatoliy Melnyk, Bohdan Mukha, Myron Kit, Semen Kukurudza, Oleg Shablii, Yaroslav Kravchuk, and others. The history of the formation and development of structural divisions of the Faculty of Geography is described. Currently, the faculty is a powerful educational and scientific institution that includes nine departments: geoecology and physical geography, economic and social geography, geomorphology and paleogeography, rational use of natural resources and protection of nature, geography of Ukraine, soil science and geography of soils, constructive geography and cartography, tourism, and hotel and restaurant business and food technologies.The educational process is provided by 116 lecturers, of whom 16 are doctors of science, professors and 86 candidates of science, associate professors. For their significant personal contribution to the development of geographical education and science, many teachers received the honorary titles of “Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine”, “Honored Worker of Education of Ukraine”, “Honored Professor of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv”. Keywords: geography; education; science; Lviv University; Faculty of Geography; chair; scientist; research.","PeriodicalId":471026,"journal":{"name":"Problemi geomorfologìï ì paleogeografìï Ukraïnsʹkih Karpat ì prileglih teritorìj","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROPERTIES OF EKRANOSEMS OF THE CITY OF LVIV","authors":"Yaroslav Borys, Oleksiy Teleguz","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3950","url":null,"abstract":"Ekranozems are urban soils that occupy a significant area of cities and play an important role in urban ecosystems, because they have a wide range of properties. One of the main features of ekranozems is the presence of a closed impermeable layer - a screen, that is, an artificial surface, which includes asphalt concrete, paving stones, sidewalks, etc. At the same time, thanks to the processing of scientific and literary sources, it should be noted that ekranozems are still little-studied and under-researched due to their inaccessibility. They are the result of a variegated relief, the influence of zonal and climatic conditions of soil formation and anthropogenic factors. It is clear that these interactions varied depending on the location and age characteristics of the city. The structure, composition and properties of ekranozems, as well as their functioning, are determined by the structural features of roads, driveways, footpaths, etc., as well as the features of anthropogenic impact (before sealing) on the soil, taking into account its natural features in certain conditions of soil formation. Ekranozems occupy a significant part of the territory of the city of Lviv and are characterized by a great variety of properties. As a result of their stay under asphalt concrete and pavement surfaces, such negative processes as a decrease in water permeability, a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the soil, and a change in the water regime occur. There is also soil compaction and a decrease in general sparability during the improvement of the territory. These soils are united by their lack of humus throughout the profile. The studied ekranozems are characterized by the presence of calcium carbonates throughout the profile, which are brought, for the most part, during the construction and laying of networks, as well as various repair works on the road. The acid-base properties of ekranozems are represented by the alkaline reaction of the soil environment, which is caused by the presence of carbonate salts (pH ranges from 7.7 to 8.1), which causes a slowdown in soil-forming processes and, as a result, a change in soil quality. Keywords: ekranozem; urban soil; sealed soil; urban ecosystem; anthropogenic soil; Lviv plateau; cultural layer.","PeriodicalId":471026,"journal":{"name":"Problemi geomorfologìï ì paleogeografìï Ukraïnsʹkih Karpat ì prileglih teritorìj","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OWERVIEW OF GEOHERITAGE ASSESSMENT METHODS","authors":"Volodymyr Zahriichuk","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3955","url":null,"abstract":"The assessment of geoheritage and geodiversity is a necessary prerequisite for the development of measures to preserve unique geological and geomorphological objects. Various foreign and domestic researchers have developed a low-level methodology for evaluating and determining the recreational value of geological and geomorphological objects. Leading developers of methodological approaches in the field of geoheritage assessment are foreign scientists Reynard (Reynard, 2012), Brilha (2016), Rocha (2014), Pereira (2013), Ferrero (Ferrero, 2012), Gray (2013 ), Fassoulas (Fassoulas, 2012), Zouros (Zouros, 2007), Asrat (Asrat et al., 2012) and others. In Ukraine, V. Hrytsenko (2006), Yu. Zinko (2003, 2009, 2019), V. Brusak (2011, 2013, 2014, 2019), S. Bortnyk, V. Stetsyuk, etc. (2020), V. Stetsyuk, (2021), G. Bayrak, L. Teodorovych (2020), G. Bayrak, A. Manko (2021) and others are engaged in the study of geological and geomorphological objects promising for geoconservation. The meaning of the concepts \"geoheritage\", \"geodiversity\" and \"geoconservation\" and their relationship should be distinguished. Geoheritage is geological and geomorphological objects that have special value in scientific, educational, aesthetic, recreational and other aspects, and geoconservation is the process of protecting and preserving these objects. Geoheritage is a part of geodiversity, which, in addition to geological and geomorphological properties, includes pedological, hydrological and other elements of inanimate nature in certain territories. Geodiversity, along with biodiversity, is a component of the World Natural Heritage. Geoheritage is studied at five levels – global (world), continental, national, regional and local. Two types of geoheritage assessment methods have been developed – direct and indirect. According to the evaluation procedure, the methods are divided into qualitative, quantitative, and qualitative-quantitative. Qualitative assessment consists in determining the total value of objects based on the results of descriptive studies and without any quantitative expression. Quantitative evaluation consists in defining clear evaluation criteria, their gradation and assigning certain points for each degree of evaluation gradation. Each of the criteria is divided into sub-indices that allow covering the entire spectrum of qualitative assessment of geoheritage objects. Scientific, educational, recreational, economic, prospective and other values are distinguished as evaluation criteria. The total final value of the geoheritage site is determined by the sum of points. The choice of methods for evaluating geoheritage objects was chosen depending on the characteristics of the object of study and the natural features of the studied territory. Key words: geoheritage; geoconservation; geodiversity; geoheritage assessment methods.","PeriodicalId":471026,"journal":{"name":"Problemi geomorfologìï ì paleogeografìï Ukraïnsʹkih Karpat ì prileglih teritorìj","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF THE CONDITIONS OF RIVERBED FORMATION OF THE PEREDKARPATTIA RIVERS WITHIN THE ALLUVIAL PLAINS","authors":"Olha Palanychko","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3947","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the results of the study of the main factors of river riverbed formation within the foothills.Based on the results of previous studies, archival materials and own works, the effect of the main factors of channel formation was investigated according to the author's functional-basin scheme for the conditions of alluvial plains. The territory of Peredkarpathia and the adjacent parts of the Carpathians and Podillia, which are characterized by extended areas of river valley bottoms filled with alluvium (alluvial plains), were chosen for the study. The artificial limitation of the research area is the state border of Ukraine. The selected territory of the study was tentatively called the hydrological and riverbed science Peredkarpathia, but it goes beyond the geomorphological Peredkarpathia It is proposed to study the features of riverbed formation conditions of the main watercourses within the study area (alluvial plains) in stages. The author singled out four levels of research detailing, each of which has a corresponding plan (research algorithm). At the first (highest) level of consideration, an overview map of alluvial plains was drawn up, showing alluvial plains within the study area against the background of the general structure of the territory, the main orotectonic structures. On the second, survey maps of the alluvial plains of the first order were created. They show the main alluvial plains of the region as river-valley systems associated with negative orotectonic structures and adjacent formations. At the third level of consideration, we compiled survey and analytical maps of second-order alluvial plains. Here are shown the extended areas of the bottom of the valleys of the main rivers within the alluvial plains of the first order. The maps also show the main features of the internal relief of the bottom of the valleys; hydrographic grid; generalized boundaries of multi-year riverbed formation bands, floodplains and boundaries of homogeneous sections of riverbeds and floodplains. One hundred homogeneous sections of riverbeds and floodplains on 18 main rivers were identified within the study area, and a description of their sequence along the rivers within the alluvial plains was also made. At the fourth stage, we selected analytical maps of parts of the alluvial plains of the second order. They reflect the details of the topography of the bottom of river valleys (as well as the hydrographic grid as an indicator of the structure of the bottom), the presence of bedrock outcrops for the analysis of local conditions of the development of the stream-channel system. Keywords. geohydromorphological analysis; riverbed processes; alluvial plains; homogeneous areas; riverbed-forming flows.","PeriodicalId":471026,"journal":{"name":"Problemi geomorfologìï ì paleogeografìï Ukraïnsʹkih Karpat ì prileglih teritorìj","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USE OF TOPONYMS OF THE WESTERN AND SOUTHERN PODILLIA IN EXCURSION ACTIVITIES (TERNOPIL REGION)","authors":"Liubov Althaim","doi":"10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2023.1.3954","url":null,"abstract":"The article emphasizes the importance of awakening national consciousness and patriotism through the organization and provision of excursion services based on local history material. It is important to involve the young generation in researching and learning about the region, for the sake of expanding its national memory and outlook, awakening pride in its past and future, and understanding Ukrainian identity. The geographical and historical features of the origin of the names of selected settlements of the Ternopil region, their meaning, development, current state, spelling and pronunciation have been studied. The toponymy of the Ternopil region is extremely rich and unexplored at the same time and has many prospects for its use for the implementation of excursion activities. For toponymic research, tourism workers can use a geographical map, archival and literary materials, and official reference sources. In the course of this study, the origin of the names of the most interesting for tourist and excursion activities, settlements of the Ternopil region, which are located directly on excursion routes or close to their passage, is described. Also, an important criterion for the selection of these settlements was the interesting features of historical, natural or human factors that influenced the formation of their names, which makes it possible to acquaint the users of excursion services with the history of Ternopil Oblast through its reflection of the geography and history of the region in these names. This information makes it possible to fill the tour guide's story, as an important component of the tour, with interesting material along the entire tour route and makes it possible to implement various methods of the tour method. Recommendations are given for improving the methodology of conducting any excursion using the research material. The article emphasizes the relevance of such local history and toponymic research in modern society, which makes it possible to get acquainted with the history of settlements in the Ternopil region, to study the peculiarities of the formation of the names of cities and villages of the region due to many factors, among which geographical and historical factors take the main position. Motivating and involving young people in such knowledge of the region for the sake of expanding their national memory and outlook is also relevant. Keywords: toponymic studies; toponyms; settlement; origin of the name of the village; history of the city; organization of excursion services; road excursion information; methodological techniques; method of conducting excursions.","PeriodicalId":471026,"journal":{"name":"Problemi geomorfologìï ì paleogeografìï Ukraïnsʹkih Karpat ì prileglih teritorìj","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134931844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}