Malsori wa eumseong gwahak最新文献

Executive function and Korean children’s stop production* 执行功能与韩国儿童停止生产*

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.045

Eun Jong Kong, Hyunjung Lee, Jeffrey J. Holliday

{"title":"Executive function and Korean children’s stop production*","authors":"Eun Jong Kong, Hyunjung Lee, Jeffrey J. Holliday","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.045","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have established a role for cognitive differences in explaining variability in speech processing across individuals. In the case of perceptual cue weighting in the context of a sound change, studies have produced conflicting results regarding the relationship between executive function and the use of redundant cues. The current study aimed to explore this relationship in acoustic cue weighting during speech production. Forty-one Korean-speaking children read a list of stop-initial words and completed two tests that assess executive function, i.e., Dimensional Change Card Sorting (DCCS) and digit n-back. Voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (F0) were measured in each word, and analyses were carried out to determine the extent to which children’s executive function predicted their use of both informative and less informative cues to the three pairs comprising the Korean three-way stop laryngeal contrast. No evidence was found for a relationship between cognitive ability and acoustic cue weighting in production, which is at odds with previous, albeit conflicting, results for speech perception. While this result may be due to the lack of task demands in the production task used here, it nevertheless expands the empirical ground upon which future work in this area may proceed.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The fundamental frequency (f0) distribution of Korean speakers in a dialogue corpus using Praat and R* 用Praat和R*研究对话语料库中朝鲜语说话人的基频分布

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.017

Byunggon Yang

{"title":"The fundamental frequency (f0) distribution of Korean speakers in a dialogue corpus using Praat and R*","authors":"Byunggon Yang","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.017","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the fundamental frequency(f0) distribution of 2,740 Korean speakers in a dialogue speech corpus. Praat and R were used for the collection and analysis of acoustical f0 data after removing extreme values considering the interquartile f0 range of the intonational phrases produced by each individual speaker. Results showed that the average f0 value of all speakers was 185 Hz and the median value was 187 Hz. The f0 data showed a positively skewed distribution of 0.11, and the kurtosis was –0.09, which is close to the normal distribution. The pitch values of daily conversations varied in the range of 238 Hz. Further examination of the male and female groups showed distinct median f0 values: 114 Hz for males and 199 Hz for females. A <italic>t</italic>-test between the two groups yielded a significant difference. The skewness representing the distribution shape was 1.24 for the male group and 0.58 for the female group. The kurtosis was 5.21 and 3.88 for the male and female groups, and the male group values appeared leptokurtic. A regression analysis between the median f0 and age yielded a slope of 0.15 for the male group and –0.586 for the female group, which indicated a divergent relationship. In conclusion, a normative f0 distribution of different Korean age and sex groups can be examined in the conversational speech corpus recorded by a massive number of participants. However, more rigorous data might be required to define a relation between age and f0 values.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the feasibility of fine-tuning large-scale speech recognition models for domain-specific applications: A case study on Whisper model and KsponSpeech dataset 探索针对特定领域应用的大规模语音识别模型微调的可行性:以Whisper模型和KsponSpeech数据集为例

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.083

Jungwon Chang, Hosung Nam

{"title":"Exploring the feasibility of fine-tuning large-scale speech recognition models for domain-specific applications: A case study on Whisper model and KsponSpeech dataset","authors":"Jungwon Chang, Hosung Nam","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.083","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the fine-tuning of large-scale Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models, specifically OpenAI’s Whisper model, for domain-specific applications using the KsponSpeech dataset. The primary research questions address the effectiveness of targeted lexical item emphasis during fine-tuning, its impact on domain-specific performance, and whether the fine-tuned model can maintain generalization capabilities across different languages and environments. Experiments were conducted using two fine-tuning datasets: Set A, a small subset emphasizing specific lexical items, and Set B, consisting of the entire KsponSpeech dataset. Results showed that fine-tuning with targeted lexical items increased recognition accuracy and improved domain-specific performance, with generalization capabilities maintained when fine-tuned with a smaller dataset. For noisier environments, a trade-off between specificity and generalization capabilities was observed. This study highlights the potential of fine-tuning using minimal domain-specific data to achieve satisfactory results, emphasizing the importance of balancing specialization and generalization for ASR models. Future research could explore different fine-tuning strategies and novel technologies such as prompting to further enhance large-scale ASR models’ domain-specific performance.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The perceptual judgment of sound prolongation: Equal-appearing interval and direct magnitude estimation* 声音延长的感知判断:等音间隔和直接震级估计*

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.059

Jin Park, Hwajung Cha, Sejin Bae

{"title":"The perceptual judgment of sound prolongation: Equal-appearing interval and direct magnitude estimation*","authors":"Jin Park, Hwajung Cha, Sejin Bae","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.059","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to propose an appropriate evaluation method for the perceived level of speech disfluency based on sound prolongation (i.e., increased duration of segments). To this end, 34 Korean-speaking adults (9 males, 25 females, average age: 32.9 yrs.) participated as raters in this study. The participants listened to sentences containing a total of 25 stimuli with the Korean voiceless fricative /s/ extended by 80-ms increments up to 2,000 ms (i.e., 285 ms, 365 ms., ..., 2,125 ms, 2,205 ms), and evaluated them using an equal-appearing interval scale (EAI, 1−7 points, where 1 represents “normal” and 7 represents “severe”). Subsequently, based on the interval-scale results, the sentence stimuli with the prolonged voiceless fricative corresponding to the mild-to-moderate level (rated as 4 points) were selected as the reference modulus for direct magnitude estimation (DME). After scatter plots were created for the two evaluation results, the relationship between the two measured mean values was analyzed using a curve estimation method for the observed data with the highest R<sup>2</sup>-value to determine whether a linear or curvilinear approximation fit the data better. A curvilinear relationship between the two evaluation results was indicated, suggesting that DME is a more appropriate evaluation method than the EAI scale for assessing the perceived level of disfluency based on sound prolongation.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An analysis of English as a foreign language learners’ perceptual confusions and phonemic awareness of English fricatives 英语作为外语学习者对英语摩擦音的感知混淆和音位意识分析

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.037

KyungA Lee

{"title":"An analysis of English as a foreign language learners’ perceptual confusions and phonemic awareness of English fricatives","authors":"KyungA Lee","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.037","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates perceptual confusions of English fricatives among 121 Korean elementary school English as a foreign language (EFL) learners with shorter periods of learning English. The objective is to examine how they perceive English fricative consonants and to provide educational guidelines. Two sets of English fricative identification tasks—voiceless fricatives and voiced fricatives—were administered to participants in a High Variability Phonetic Training (HVPT) setting. Their phonemic awareness of the fricatives was visualized in perceptual confusion maps via multidimensional scaling analysis. The findings are explored in terms of the impacts of Korean EFL learners’ L1 linguistic aspects and a comparison with L1 learners. Learners’ phonemic awareness patterns are then compared with their relative importance in speech intelligibility based on a functional load hierarchy. The results indicated that Korean elementary EFL learners recognized English fricatives in a manner largely akin to L1 learners, suggesting their ongoing acquisition progress. Additionally, the findings demonstrated that the young EFL learners possess sufficient phonemic awareness for most high functional load segments but encounter some difficulties with one high and one low functional pair. The findings of this study offer suggestions for diagnosing language learners’ phonemic awareness abilities, thereby aiding in the development of practical guidelines for language instructional design and helping educators make informed decisions regarding teaching priority in L2 classes.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of age of L2 acquisition and L2 experience on the production of English vowels by Korean speakers* 二语习得年龄和二语经验对韩国人英语元音产生的影响*

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.009

Eunhae Oh, Eunyoung Shin

{"title":"Effects of age of L2 acquisition and L2 experience on the production of English vowels by Korean speakers*","authors":"Eunhae Oh, Eunyoung Shin","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.009","url":null,"abstract":"The current study investigated the influence of age of L2 acquisition (AOA) and length of residence (LOR) in the L2 setting country on the production of voicing-conditioned vowel duration and spectral qualities in English by Korean learners. The primary aim was to explore the ways in which the language-specific phonetic features are acquired by the age of onset and L2 experience. Analyses of the archived corpus data produced by 45 native speakers of Korean showed that, regardless of AOA or LOR, absolute vowel duration was used as a salient correlate of voicing contrast in English for Korean learners. The accuracy of relative vowel duration was influenced more by onset age than by L2 experience, suggesting that being exposed to English at an early age may benefit the acquisition of temporal dimension. On the other hand, the spectral characteristics of English vowels were more consistently influenced by L2 experience, indicating that immersive experience in the L2 speaking environment are likely to improve the accurate production of vowel quality. The distinct influence of the onset age and L2 experience on the specific phonetic cues in L2 vowel production provides insight into the intricate relationship between the two factors on the manifestation of L2 phonological knowledge.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zero-shot voice conversion with HuBERT 零镜头语音转换与休伯特

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.069

Hyelee Chung, Hosung Nam

引用次数: 0

Effects of phonological and phonetic information of vowels on perception of prosodic prominence in English 元音语音信息对英语韵律显著性感知的影响

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.001

Suyeon Im

{"title":"Effects of phonological and phonetic information of vowels on perception of prosodic prominence in English","authors":"Suyeon Im","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates how the phonological and phonetic information of vowels influences prosodic prominence among linguistically untrained listeners using public speech in American English. We first examined the speech material’s phonetic realization of vowels (i.e., maximum F0, F0 range, phone rate [as a measure of duration considering the speech rate of the utterance], and mean intensity). Results showed that the high vowels /i/ and /u/ likely had the highest max F0, while the low vowels /æ/ and /ɑ/ tended to have the highest mean intensity. Both high and low vowels had similarly high phone rates. Next, we examined the effects of the vowels’ phonological and phonetic information on listeners’ perceptions of prosodic prominence. The results showed that vowels significantly affected the likelihood of perceived prominence independent of acoustic cues. The high and low vowels affected probability of perceived prominence less than the mid vowels /ɛ/ and /ʌ/, although the former two were more likely to be phonetically enhanced in the speech than the latter. Overall, these results suggest that perceptions of prosodic prominence in English are not directly influenced by signal-driven factors (i.e., vowels’ acoustic information) but are mediated by expectation-driven factors (e.g., vowels’ phonological information).","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aspects of Korean rhythm realization by second language learners: Focusing on Chinese learners of Korean* 第二语言学习者对韩语节奏的认识:以汉语韩语学习者为研究对象

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.027

Youngsook Yune

{"title":"Aspects of Korean rhythm realization by second language learners: Focusing on Chinese learners of Korean*","authors":"Youngsook Yune","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.027","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effect of Chinese on the production of Korean rhythm. Korean and Chinese are typologically classified into different rhythmic categories; because of this, the phonological properties of Korean and Chinese are similar and different at the same time. As a result, Chinese can exert both positive and negative influences on the realization of Korean rhythm. To investigate the influence of the rhythm of the native language of L2 learners on their target language, we conducted an acoustic analysis using acoustic metrics like of the speech of 5 Korean native speakers and 10 advanced Chinese Korean learners. The analyzed material is a short paragraph of five sentences containing a variety of syllable structures. The results showed that KS and CS rhythms are similar in %V, VarcoV, and nPVI_S. However, CS, unlike KS, showed characteristics closer to those of a stress-timed language in the values of %V and VarcoV. There was also a significant difference in nPVI_V values. These results demonstrate a negative influence of the native language in the realization of Korean rhythm. This can be attributed to the fact that all vowels in Chinese sentence are not pronounced with the same emphasis due to neutral tone. In this sense, this study allowed us to observe influences of L1 on L2 production of rhythm.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Voice therapy for pitch problems following thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury 无喉神经损伤的甲状腺切除术后音高问题的语音治疗

Malsori wa eumseong gwahak Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.053

Ji-sung Kim, Mi-jin Kim

{"title":"Voice therapy for pitch problems following thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury","authors":"Ji-sung Kim, Mi-jin Kim","doi":"10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13064/ksss.2023.15.3.053","url":null,"abstract":"After thyroidectomy, some patients who show normal vocal cord movement still complain of subjective voice problems, which could lead to a decrease in quality of life related to communication. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a newly designed voice therapy applying neck exercise and semi-occluded vocal tract exercise (SOVTE) to improve voice problems after thyroidectomy without neurological injury. For this purpose, voice therapy was randomly assigned to 10 women who received thyroidectomy. Acoustic analysis [fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, noise-to-harmonics ratio, min Voice Range Profile (VRP), max VRP, VRP] was performed before and after surgery and immediately after voice therapy to compare voice changes. The study showed a statistically significant increase in max VRP and VRP after voice therapy compared to before surgery. These results suggest that the voice therapy methods in this study effectively improve a major symptom of voice problems after thyroidectomy, specifically the reduction in the high-frequency range. However, this study was limited in the number of s participants and did not control for the type of surgery. Therefore, further research utilizing larger sample sizes and controlled variables is needed to investigate the long-term effects of voice therapy.","PeriodicalId":471000,"journal":{"name":"Malsori wa eumseong gwahak","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135687106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0