{"title":"Fraud, People and the ‘Jammy Pants Audit’: Implications for Auditing Regulators and Firms","authors":"Dana R. Hermanson","doi":"10.1111/ijau.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this commentary, I discuss a potentially troubling divide between human-focused fraud research on one hand and audit regulation and practice on the other hand. Fraud research increasingly highlights the human element of fraud and emphasizes knowing and assessing people as keys to understanding and mitigating fraud risk. By contrast, auditing standards continue to be based on the traditional fraud triangle, which largely ignores people. Further, audit practice has shifted markedly toward what I call the ‘jammy pants audit’, where many auditors work remotely, interacting with client personnel on a very limited basis. Thus, fraud research is emphasizing people, while auditing regulators and audit practice are not. Based on the analysis, I offer implications for auditing regulators and firms as well as related future research opportunities. Ultimately, a significant part of auditing is determining if management assertions are credible. It is more difficult to make that determination and to fully assess fraud risk if you do not know much about the people behind the assertions and the numbers.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"475-481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Modern History and the Changing Nature of Audit Regulation—The Case of Sweden","authors":"Karin Seger, Magnus Frostenson, Sven Helin","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12388","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this article is to describe and explain how developments from the 1980s to 2024 have changed the nature of audit regulation. To this end, the article draws on central concepts from regulatory literature. The Swedish case is used as an example, with a historical review based on data from parliamentary documents and articles published in the Swedish trade magazine <i>Balans</i>. The empirical findings show that the regulatory developments since the 1980s can be divided into three different eras, each spanning 15 years. The first era is characterised by professional self-regulation supplemented by some conventional regulation. The second era is marked by meta-regulation following Sweden's membership in the EU. In the third era, self-regulation is largely replaced by alternative regulatory approaches. The conclusion is that parallel regulatory approaches coexist and shape various forms of regulation and that regulative change can be explained by institutional developments, internationalisation and normative expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"613-630"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijau.12388","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Out of Office: Examining Whether Remote Auditing Can Affect Audit Quality","authors":"Kristen S. Thompson, Ruwan Adikaram","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12387","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With a hybrid work model becoming increasingly common, we investigate whether remote auditing can lead to a greater likelihood for auditors to exhibit reduced audit quality (RAQ) behaviour. Further, we look at whether time pressure can have a similar result, and when considered together, whether auditors will be most likely to compromise audit quality when working remotely and experiencing high time pressure. In line with prior literature, we find that auditors facing high (vs. low) time pressure are more likely to engage in RAQ behaviour, consistent with their motivation to speed up testing. More importantly, we find auditors working remotely are more likely to engage in RAQ behaviour than their counterparts who are working non-remotely. This investigation provides important insights towards informing researchers, regulators and practitioners of the negative implications of remote work on audit quality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"600-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marshall A. Geiger, Daniel Gyung Paik, Taewoo Kim, Brandon B. Lee
{"title":"Are Non-Audit Services Economically Beneficial to Audit Clients?","authors":"Marshall A. Geiger, Daniel Gyung Paik, Taewoo Kim, Brandon B. Lee","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12385","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study the association between non-audit services (NAS) and the potential economic benefit to audit clients of higher investment efficiency. Little prior research has examined whether NAS produces measurable benefits or simply additional costs for clients procuring them. We contribute to this sparse literature by examining whether the level of NAS is associated with firm-wide investment efficiency. Our findings indicate that increased NAS fees are generally negatively associated with investment efficiency, with this association being stronger for smaller audit clients and primarily driven by the audit-related component of NAS. However, we also find that the negative NAS association with investment efficiency is significantly reduced when the NAS is obtained from high-quality auditors. These findings suggest that not all NAS is alike and that different benefits can accrue when clients obtain NAS from high-quality auditors. Therefore, when assessing NAS in other contexts, as well as the economic benefits of NAS, it is important to determine whether the NAS is obtained from high-quality or non-high-quality auditors. Our findings should be of interest to audit clients and their audit committees as they make decisions about purchasing NAS, as well as to audit practitioners and regulators, given that the provision of NAS remains controversial, and the economic benefit to clients appears nuanced.</p>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"574-599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijau.12385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Auditing on Corporate Social Responsibility","authors":"Yiqing Tan","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12384","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Debate on whether firms' corporate social responsibility (CSR) is driven by agency problems or value enhancement is ongoing. This work examines the influence of the implementation of key audit matter (KAM) standards on corporate social activities and finds that after the adoption of KAMs, companies enhance their overall social performance through environment, employee, community and product categories. The enhancement of social activities is mostly due to improvements in advantages rather than reductions in disadvantages. This research also identifies information transparency is one possible explanation for the positive relationship between the adoption of KAMs and CSR performance. The findings of this study support the value maximization perspective.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"557-573"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shareholder Governance and Crowding-Out of External Auditing: Evidence From China","authors":"Chenxi Xu, Xu Li, Qian Xin","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12383","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper examines the relationship between shareholder governance and auditor choice. By exploiting a setting where non-state-owned shareholders are allowed to purchase shares and have delegates in the management team and the board of directors and supervisors of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China, we find that non-state-owned shareholder ownership and engagement in firm operations significantly reduce the propensity of SOEs to hire a Big 4 external auditor. This relation is further found to be more pronounced for firms with stronger alternative governance mechanisms and for firms with higher agency costs. Overall, our findings support the notion that non-state-owned shareholder governance partially substitutes external auditing.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"541-556"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Professional Staff Turnover and Organizational Performance in Public Accounting Firms","authors":"Kyu-An Jeon, So Yean Kwack, Cheong H. Yi","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12380","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of the potential relationships between employee turnover and organizational performance has been important for researchers, practitioners and audit regulators. However, limited evidence exists regarding the association between staff turnover and organizational performance in professional accounting firms. The present study aims to fill this gap in the literature by using a unique hand-collected dataset from Korea. We find that the collective turnover rate of professional staff is negatively associated with public accounting firms' profitability and productivity. When considering the turnover rates of partners and senior certified public accountants (CPAs) separately, we observe that although both partner and senior CPA turnover are negatively associated with profitability and productivity, partner turnover is more strongly associated with these outcomes. Additionally, we find that <i>audit</i> partner turnover is associated with an increase in the percentage of <i>auditing</i> enforcements and a decrease in the <i>audit</i> client retention rate, which may reflect challenges in maintaining audit quality and audit client relations at the accounting firm level. We further find that the negative associations of professional staff turnover with profitability and productivity are less pronounced for Big 4 accounting firms, but the negative association with audit client retention is more pronounced for these firms. Overall, the results suggest that, although turnover is negatively associated with the organization-level outcomes of public accounting firms, the turnover–performance relationship depends on moderators such as job level and organization size.</p>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"513-540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijau.12380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Audit Tenure Disclosures on Investor Judgements","authors":"Ting-Chiao Huang, Robyn Moroney, Soon-Yeow Phang","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12381","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Disclosures of audit firm tenure have been mandated in some countries and are being considered in others. We investigate whether and how the form of firm tenure disclosures and the inclusion of partner tenure combine to affect investor judgements. We find that investors perceive the auditor as more independent and their investment as more attractive when firm tenure is disclosed in brief rather than detailed form, and this effect is stronger when partner tenure is disclosed along with firm tenure than when it is not. A mediation analysis shows that perceived auditor independence explains the joint effect of firm tenure disclosure form and partner tenure disclosures on the investment judgement. Audit regulators should consider our findings when assessing whether and how auditor tenure disclosures should be mandated and whether it is beneficial to standardize disclosures.</p>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"499-512"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijau.12381","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145227977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stephen Kwaku Asare, Herman van Brenk, Barbara Majoor
{"title":"Evidence on the Effects of Network Status and Perspective-Taking on Component Auditors' Decision Quality","authors":"Stephen Kwaku Asare, Herman van Brenk, Barbara Majoor","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12382","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of component auditors in the audit of multinational companies raises important questions about group audit quality. This study examines how the network status of component auditors and a prompt to adopt the group auditor's perspective jointly influence the quality of audit decisions. We hypothesize that a perspective-taking prompt will enhance the decision quality of unaffiliated component auditors, while potentially impairing the decision quality of affiliated auditors. This is based on the expectation that unaffiliated auditors anticipate greater scrutiny from the group auditor and adjust their decision-making strategies accordingly. Our experimental results reveal that in the perspective-taking condition, unaffiliated component auditors deliver greater audit testing effectiveness compared to their affiliated counterparts. Additionally, when affiliated component auditors are prompted to adopt the group auditor's perspective, their audit testing effectiveness declines compared to those who are unprompted. These findings have policy implications, as group auditors often favour affiliated auditors and presume consistent audit quality within the same network. To maintain high group audit quality in multinational audits, countervailing policies and incentives may be helpful when relying on affiliated component auditors. Perspective-taking prompts for unaffiliated component auditors may offer a practical tool for enhancing group audit quality, though their use should be balanced against potential coordination complexities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 4","pages":"482-498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Cost of Auditing Service Performance Information","authors":"Xikai Chen, Tom Scott","doi":"10.1111/ijau.12379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijau.12379","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper adds to prior literature by examining whether requiring the assurance of non-financial information increases audit fees. Specifically, we use a sample of New Zealand not-for-profits (charities) newly required to prepare statements of service performance (SSP), following accounting standards and assured per auditing standards. We find evidence of a significant increase in audit fees, although there is no change in audit or filing lag. There is some evidence that adopting the New Zealand-specific auditing standard for SSPs can reduce the increase in audit fees for smaller not-for-profits. Overall, our results suggest mandating non-financial information should be viewed as having increased costs. These results are particularly salient considering the ever-increasing push for non-financial and sustainability information throughout the world.</p>","PeriodicalId":47092,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Auditing","volume":"29 3","pages":"454-474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijau.12379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}