Journal of Environment & Development最新文献_第7页

Representation by Development Organizations: Evidence From India and Implications for Inclusive Development 发展组织的代表性：来自印度的证据及其对包容性发展的影响

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/1070496520983599

Suparana Katyaini, M. Wessel, S. Sahoo

{"title":"Representation by Development Organizations: Evidence From India and Implications for Inclusive Development","authors":"Suparana Katyaini, M. Wessel, S. Sahoo","doi":"10.1177/1070496520983599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496520983599","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on development organizations’ construction of representative roles in their work at the environment–development interface and on implications of these constructions for inclusiveness. While much of the past literature on representation has dealt with electoral representation, this article highlights the importance of nonelectoral representation. It follows a constructivist approach and is based on 36 in-depth interviews with the staff of different types of India-based development organizations working on disaster risk management. The article shows how development organizations in India contribute to inclusive development by representing groups that are vulnerable to disaster risk in diverse ways. Showing this diversity and how it is mediated by organizations, the article makes clear that representation is much more complex than literature commonly suggests. This complexity enables organizations to engage with specific dimensions of inclusive development. The article also illustrates how representation by development organizations happens through opportunities found and created through the intertwining of capacity development, service delivery, and advocacy. At the same time, the mediated nature of representation, and its embeddedness in a wide set of relations, makes representation by development organizations indirect and questionable in ways beyond the commonly understood dominance of powerful nongovernmental organizations.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"30 1","pages":"98 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1070496520983599","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47546846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGIES ON RURAL LIVELIHOODS.A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW 减缓气候变化战略对农村生计的影响。批判性文献综述

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.47941/je.617

Alfred Kinyanjui

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION STRATEGIES ON RURAL LIVELIHOODS.A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"Alfred Kinyanjui","doi":"10.47941/je.617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.617","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Climate change may reduce the availability of these local natural resources, limiting the options of rural households that depend on Natural resources for consumption or trade. The general objective of the study was to examine influence of climate change mitigation strategies on rural livelihoods Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study found out that local communities are aware of the climatic changes taking place in their locality and have taken steps to discuss climate change issues within their neighborhood, through local leadership Chief Barazas and reports by environment stakeholders. The researcher also established that different adaptation strategies are encouraged by different organizations. Recommendations: The study recommends that scaling up and diversifying funding allocations for climate change response by both government and NGOs. This will ensure vibrant climate that climate change response activities that are at the same time enhancing rural livelihoods. Channeling of funds through grass root organizations like youth groups and women organizations will provide support of most preferred local adaptation strategies like change in crop patterns, agro-forestry and cross breeding of livestock","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90739352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IMPACT OF HUMAN POPULATION ON LAND DEGRADATION. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW 人口对土地退化的影响。批判性文献综述

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.47941/je.622

C. Kimani

{"title":"IMPACT OF HUMAN POPULATION ON LAND DEGRADATION. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"C. Kimani","doi":"10.47941/je.622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.622","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The better management of land resources is essential for sustainability and for improving the quality of life of people living in the city and the peri urban areas who are mostly farmers With major changes being agricultural land use giving way to residential land use in the peri urban area, access to agricultural land is drastically reduced causing food insecurity problems in the region. The general objective of the study was to establish the access the impact of human population on land degradation. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study found out that increase in human population has resulted to more land-use and land cover changes are likely to take place as more land is converted over time, forest to agricultural land, and agricultural land to built-up land, which threatens the existence of agricultural land and water sources in the future. Recommendations: The study recommends that there is the need for stakeholder participation and institutionalize stakeholders’ participations in land use planning process and urban planning. It is only when the public and land owners are well informed about land management issues that a positive change of attitude, adherence to laws on land use among others can be achieved. The county government and the national governments should come up with policies to outlaw arbitrary sale of land especially in areas where the main form of land use is agriculture to enhance the effectiveness of zoning regulations. It is important that the management of land be made the first priority in the study area and the nation as a whole. The various land sector agencies and institutions responsible for land management should enforce the existing laws on land management","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74673155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE ON INDIVIDUAL HEARING PROBLEMS. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW 环境噪音对个人听力问题的影响。批判性文献综述

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.47941/je.620

James Olubwa

{"title":"IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE ON INDIVIDUAL HEARING PROBLEMS. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"James Olubwa","doi":"10.47941/je.620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.620","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: A normal person cannot perceive sound to its minimum level of 0 dB or the sound of rustling leaves. Persons with excellent hearing capabilities can receive sound levels as low as 15 dB. On the higher end, sound levels that exceed 85 dB can cause damage as bad as permanent hearing damage. The period spent around loud sound determines the extent of damage that will occur. The calmer the sound, the longer one can withstand it without any alarming effect. The general objective of the study was to access the impact of environmental noise on individual hearing problems. A critical literature review Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study concludes that safety practices that can assist in preventing hearing losses and other harmful effects call for personal, physician, and administrative engagement. Administratively, employers have an obligation to provide safety devices that prevent hearing loss or impairment. Employers should provide personal protective equipment to abate noise levels and that employers should give all employees an opportunity select hearing protectors that vary from entire head enclosures, canal caps, earplugs, to ear mugs. Recommendations: The study suggested that that personal hearing protective devices use should be enforced through education and inbuilt administrative mechanisms. Only consistent long term use of prevention produces positive impact. It is also recommended that utilization of safety strategies like shift rotations, leave scheduling, acoustic sound proofing of offices, quiet machinery and other strategies be enhanced through deliberate administrative effort. Keywords: impact, environmental, noise, individual, hearing problems","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81047993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN KENYA. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW. 肯尼亚电子废物管理系统的影响。一篇批判性的文献综述。

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.47941/je.618

Danson Ngethe

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN KENYA. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW.","authors":"Danson Ngethe","doi":"10.47941/je.618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.618","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: There is a variety of electronic waste found in the country ranging from computers, cellular phones, televisions sets, refrigerators, and entertainment electronics amongst others. The general objective of the study was access the influence of electronic waste management systems in Kenya. A critical literature review Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study concludes that the methods employed in e-waste management were still inadequate. Most importers disposed of the undistributed computers and mobile phone at a discounted price to retailers and consumers. Very few importers used extended ·producer responsibility. In addition, majority of the end users used auctioning as a method of e-waste management. Recommendations: The study suggested that there is a need for the manufacturer to design a system which provides incentives to consumers to bring back products to the appropriate collection points. The incentives can be used in the beginning of the collection scheme as a way of advertising the scheme and when the scheme is well established the manufacturer can review and determine if there is need for incentives. Keywords: influence, electronic waste, management systems, Kenya","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90935257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS PARTICIPATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW 利益相关者参与和固体废物处置管理的影响。批判性文献综述

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.47941/je.619

Elizabeth Muturi

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF STAKEHOLDERS PARTICIPATION AND MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW","authors":"Elizabeth Muturi","doi":"10.47941/je.619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/je.619","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Solid waste is the remnant of the refuse that is collected and discarded by the public either in a managed system or in a mismanaged way. It also includes garbage or trash which consists of everyday items discarded by the public, for example plastic papers and containers, kitchen refuse, and market waste. The general objective of the study was to examine influence of stakeholder’s participation and management of solid waste disposal. A critical literature review. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps. Findings: The study concludes that the stakeholders are local and national government municipalities; city corporations; non-governmental organizations (NGO's); households, private contractor; Ministries of Health and Environment. The authorities, local and national municipalities, are largely responsible for the Waste Collection in the waste management chain. The Ministry of Health was is the most important stakeholder, followed by municipalities and solid waste management councils. Recommendations: The study recommends that there should be good drainage and proper town planning especially building standards like spacing and reserved areas; urban planning, infrastructural maintenance, and waste management like garbage clearing, and waste channeling; early warning system, reliable forecast, awareness, and inspections; community involvement through farming, afforestation, environmental sanitation, and stoppage of illegal mining; flood protection like dams, gabion, digging trenches, and water harvesting. Keywords: influence, stakeholders, participation and management solid waste disposal","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80837550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Environmental Justice Perspective on Smallholder Pesticide Use in Sub-Saharan Africa 撒哈拉以南非洲小农户农药使用的环境正义视角

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2020-12-03 DOI: 10.1177/1070496520974407

Ellinor Isgren, Elina Andersson

{"title":"An Environmental Justice Perspective on Smallholder Pesticide Use in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Ellinor Isgren, Elina Andersson","doi":"10.1177/1070496520974407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496520974407","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticide use is increasing in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa, and many smallholders purchase, handle, and apply toxic pesticides with inadequate equipment, knowledge, and technical support. Through the frame of environmental justice, this literature-based study analyzes characteristics, impacts, and drivers of smallholder pesticide use in sub-Saharan Africa, with particular attention to Uganda as a case. We find that market liberalization, poor regulation enforcement, and persistent neglect of agricultural extension place the burden of risk largely on farmers, while perceived necessity of pesticides and the elusive nature of impacts (especially under conditions of insufficient monitoring) likely delay social mobilization around pesticides. The environmental justice frame, which has seen limited application in smallholder contexts, importantly helps delineate future directions for research and practice. It is particularly effective for redirecting focus from highly limited managerial solutions for “safe use” toward deeper problem drivers and solutions capable of tackling them.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"30 1","pages":"68 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1070496520974407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Energy Cooperation With North Korea: Conditions Making Renewable Energy Appropriate 与朝鲜的能源合作：适合可再生能源的条件

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.1177/1070496520964524

Heejin Han

引用次数: 3

Making Authoritarian Environmentalism Accountable? Understanding China’s New Reforms on Environmental Governance 让专制的环保主义负起责任?理解中国环境治理新改革

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2020-10-07 DOI: 10.1177/1070496520961136

W. Shen, Dong Jiang

{"title":"Making Authoritarian Environmentalism Accountable? Understanding China’s New Reforms on Environmental Governance","authors":"W. Shen, Dong Jiang","doi":"10.1177/1070496520961136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496520961136","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key puzzles of authoritarian environmentalism is its dubious effectiveness due to fragmented interests among different political and market actors, which are often found undermining centrally crafted environmental regulations and targets. China recently launched a series of institutional reforms to fix its notorious local implementation gaps on environmental policies. By setting up a stringent central inspection system and holding frequent inquiry meetings with local government leaders, Beijing aims to reconfigure central–local power relations on environmental governance. We argue that these institutional reforms are essentially transforming environmental governance in China into a highly politicized task by enforcing party disciplines rather than legal frameworks. The aim is to rein environmental officers and hold local political leaders accountable. These reforms may significantly reduce local protectionism, yet such highly politicized approach based on coercive party rules and disciplines bears the risk of weakening the role of legal enforcement and can breed discontent among local officers. Consequently, how these new reforms can achieve a desirable central–local relation for addressing China’s environmental crisis in the long run is far from certain.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"30 1","pages":"41 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1070496520961136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42827793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Drought Management Norms: Is the Middle East and North Africa Region Managing Risks or Crises? 干旱管理规范：中东和北非地区在管理风险还是危机？

IF 3.2 3区社会学

Journal of Environment & Development Pub Date : 2020-10-06 DOI: 10.1177/1070496520960204

Theresa M. Jedd, S. Fragaszy, C. Knutson, M. Hayes, M. Fraj, N. Wall, M. Svoboda, R. McDonnell

{"title":"Drought Management Norms: Is the Middle East and North Africa Region Managing Risks or Crises?","authors":"Theresa M. Jedd, S. Fragaszy, C. Knutson, M. Hayes, M. Fraj, N. Wall, M. Svoboda, R. McDonnell","doi":"10.1177/1070496520960204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1070496520960204","url":null,"abstract":"The Middle East and North Africa region experiences severe socioeconomic and political impacts during droughts and faces increasing drought risk in future climate projections. The UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction’s Sendai Framework and the International Drought Management Programme provide a global standard (a norm) to manage droughts through natural hazard risk reduction approaches. We use participatory engagement to evaluate whether norm diffusion has taken place in four countries. Data were collected in interviews, focus groups, workshops, and policy documents. Analysis reveals incomplete norm diffusion; stakeholders subscribe to relevant values, but national policies and implementation do not fully reflect the norm. Process tracing reveals that the availability of drought early warning data is a key barrier to risk reduction. Further more, a drought early warning system would not be feasible or sufficient unless paired with policy measures and financial mechanisms to reduce the political and economic costs of a drought declaration.","PeriodicalId":47090,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environment & Development","volume":"30 1","pages":"3 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1070496520960204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47741470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7