Surveillance & Society最新文献_第5页

Data Trusts and the Governance of Smart Environments: Lessons from the Failure of Sidewalk Labs’ Urban Data Trust 数据信托与智能环境治理：Sidewalk Labs城市数据信托失败的教训

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14409

Lisa M. Austin, D. Lie

引用次数: 9

Review of Lennon’s Passwords: Philology, Security, Authentication 列侬密码综述：文献学、安全性、认证

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14769

Mitch Jackson

引用次数: 0

How to Watch the Watchers? Democratic Oversight of Algorithmic Police Surveillance in Belgium 如何观察观察者?比利时算法警察监控的民主监督

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14325

R. V. Brakel

{"title":"How to Watch the Watchers? Democratic Oversight of Algorithmic Police Surveillance in Belgium","authors":"R. V. Brakel","doi":"10.24908/ss.v19i2.14325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v19i2.14325","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade and more recently triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, algorithmic surveillance technologies have been increasingly implemented and experimented with by the police for crime control, public order policing, and as management tools. Police departments are also increasingly consumers of surveillance technologies that are created, sold, and controlled by private companies. They exercise an undue influence over police today in ways that are not widely acknowledged and increasingly play a role in the data capture and processing that feeds into larger cloud infrastructures and data markets. These developments are having profound effects on how policing is organized and on existing power relations, whereby decisions are increasingly being made by algorithms. Although attention is paid to algorithmic police surveillance in academic research as well as in mainstream media, critical discussions about its democratic oversight are rare. The goal of this paper is to contribute to ongoing research on police and surveillance oversight and to question how current judicial oversight of algorithmic police surveillance in Belgium addresses socio-technical harms of these surveillance practices.","PeriodicalId":47078,"journal":{"name":"Surveillance & Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48855828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Noise of Silent Machines: A Case Study of LinkNYC 无声机器的噪音：以LinkNYC为例

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14302

Audrey Amsellem

{"title":"The Noise of Silent Machines: A Case Study of LinkNYC","authors":"Audrey Amsellem","doi":"10.24908/ss.v19i2.14302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v19i2.14302","url":null,"abstract":"In early 2016, the city of New York and the Google-backed consortium CityBridge launched LinkNYC, a communication network that enables residents and visitors to access Wi-Fi, charge their phones, and make domestic calls—all for free. The ten-feet tall kiosks scattered around the city are also equipped with screens, cameras, a tablet, speakers, and a microphone. Almost immediately after its launch, many raised concerns about LinkNYC: noise complaints concerning users listening to loud music, homeless people gathering around the kiosks, outrage regarding users watching pornography, as well as the potential threat to privacy the kiosks present. In this paper, I argue that LinkNYC functions as a neoliberal apparatus of listening and silencing in the public sphere through data collection and restrictions of usage of the kiosk in the name of accessibility. As Google’s first attempt at occupying the public space, LinkNYC reveals the aspirations for the neoliberal city. Through an ethnographic socio-technological study of LinkNYC, I engage sound studies in current discussions about surveillance. I theorize the modalities of listening in the neoliberal city and discuss competing notions of the public space in smart/responsive cities. I investigate the ideological difference between the smart city and the responsive city and trace the movement from a listening entity to a responsive one, analyzing the implications for privacy. I theorize unsilencing and its politics, discussing examples of re-appropriation of the kiosks. I conducted fieldwork by observing interactions with the kiosks and by doing interviews with citizens, homeless advocacy groups, CityBridge employees, and experts. In addition, I analyze the discourses of CityBridge, local politicians, activists, journalists, and citizens surrounding LinkNYC. This paper is at the theoretical intersection of sound studies, urban studies, science and technology studies, and surveillance studies. Through this case study, I open a theorization of the listening practices of surveillance to look at how power circulates through sound.","PeriodicalId":47078,"journal":{"name":"Surveillance & Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46977014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The The Making of Crime Predictions: Sociotechnical Assemblages and the Controversies of Governing Future Crime 犯罪预测的制定:社会技术组合与治理未来犯罪的争议

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14261

Daniel Edler Duarte

{"title":"The The Making of Crime Predictions: Sociotechnical Assemblages and the Controversies of Governing Future Crime","authors":"Daniel Edler Duarte","doi":"10.24908/ss.v19i2.14261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v19i2.14261","url":null,"abstract":"We are witnessing an upsurge in crime forecasting software, which supposedly draws predictive knowledge from data on past crime. Although prevention and anticipation are already embedded in the apparatuses of government, going beyond a mere abstract aspiration, the latest innovations hold out the promise of replacing police officers’ “gut feelings” and discretionary risk assessments with algorithmic-powered, quantified analyses of risk scores. While police departments and private companies praise such innovations for their cost-effective rationale, critics raise concerns regarding their potential for discriminating against poor, black, and migrant communities. In this article, I address such controversies by telling the story of the making of CrimeRadar, an app developed by a Rio de Janeiro-based think tank in partnership with private associates and local police authorities. Drawing mostly on Latour’s contributions to the emerging literature on security assemblages, I argue that we gain explanatory and critical leverage by looking into the mundane practices of making and unmaking sociotechnical arrangements. That is, I address the chain of translations through which crime data are collected, organized, and transformed into risk scores. In every step, new ways of seeing and presenting crime are produced, with a significant impact on how we experience and act upon (in)security.","PeriodicalId":47078,"journal":{"name":"Surveillance & Society","volume":"26 4","pages":"199-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of Pallitto’s Bargaining with the Machine: Technology, Surveillance, and the Social Contract 帕利托的《与机器讨价还价:技术、监视与社会契约》述评

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14739

Breigha Adeyemo

引用次数: 0

Emergency Infrastructure and Locational Extraction: Problematizing Computer Assisted Dispatch Systems as Public Good 应急基础设施和位置提取：将计算机辅助调度系统视为公共产品的问题

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14116

James N. Gilmore, McKinley DuRant

{"title":"Emergency Infrastructure and Locational Extraction: Problematizing Computer Assisted Dispatch Systems as Public Good","authors":"James N. Gilmore, McKinley DuRant","doi":"10.24908/ss.v19i2.14116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v19i2.14116","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the increasing articulation between third-party software and emergency infrastructures through a focus on the computer-assisted dispatch system RapidDeploy, which purports to help 9-1-1 responders more accurately and efficiently respond to emergency situations. We build from research that focuses on overlaps between surveillance and emergency response to demonstrate how large-scale data mining practices—in particular, location extraction—are repurposed as beneficial, if not life-saving, measures. In focusing on the capacity to extract and analyze location in the name of public good, we discursively analyze how RapidDeploy’s official company blog constructs the benevolence of data collection. We then demonstrate how these viewpoints are reproduced in the news reports in one city—Charleston, South Carolina—where RapidDeploy has formally partnered with emergency response services. This analysis is used to demonstrate how words like “data” and “cloud” continue to be used as vague buzzwords for companies situated at the intersections of surveillance and civic function, and to argue for greater attention to how the trend towards platformization continues to blur the relationships between surveillance and emergency response systems. This case study examines the public face of this company and, as such, analyzes the language used to gain public assent for the software and its function.","PeriodicalId":47078,"journal":{"name":"Surveillance & Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44846667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smart Prisoners: Uses of Electronic Monitoring in Brazilian Prisons during the COVID-19 Pandemic 智能囚犯:2019冠状病毒病大流行期间巴西监狱电子监控的使用

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14303

Maria Rita Pereira Xavier, Ana Paula Ferreira Felizardo, Fábio Wellington Ataíde Alves

引用次数: 2

The Case for a Ban on Facial Recognition Surveillance in Canada 加拿大禁止面部识别监控的案例

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Surveillance & Society Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.24908/ss.v19i2.14777

Tim McSorley

引用次数: 3

Review of Mountz’s The Death of Asylum: The Hidden Geographies of the Enforcement Archipelago 蒙茨的《庇护之死:强制群岛的隐藏地理》书评