Turkish Studies最新文献

{"title":"Civic and political integration of migrants with minority backgrounds: Turkey-origin migrants in the United Kingdom","authors":"Meryem Ay Kesgin","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2262086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2262086","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study argues that minorities have higher in-group consciousness and adaptability developed through uneven interaction with the majority. Once migrated, their collective experiences are transferred to the country-of-residence with them, leading to higher civic and political integration in the country-of-residence than majority-migrants. Introducing a new civic and political integration model, it compares the majority and minority migrants from Turkey in the UK, by using ordinal logistic regression analyses. Findings show that Kurds are more involved in politics than Turks, however, they do not differ in terms of civic participation. Compared to Sunnis, Alevis feel more represented in the political system.KEYWORDS: Migrant integrationminoritiescivic-political integrationTurkish diasporareligion Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Scholars categorized integration dimensions based on the study purpose and the unit of analysis (e.g. migrant individuals, society, policies). Entzinger (“The Dynamics of Integration Policies”) conceptualizes three integration factors (state, market, and nation) to discuss economic, social, and legal-political aspects. Lacroix (“Collective Remittances and Integration”) studies the social and structural aspects of integration whereas Ersanilli and Koopmans (“Do Immigrant Integration Policies Matter?”) have a socioeconomic vs cultural-religious approach. Huddleston et al. (“Using EU Indicators”) categorize migrant integration indicators as employment, education, social inclusion, active citizenship, and welcoming society, which are known as EU Zaragoza Indicators. Penninx and Garcés-Mascareñas (“The Concept of Integration”) introduce cognitive-behavioral and aesthetics dimensions to integration discussions. Heckmann and Schnapper (“The Integration of Immigrants”) suggest an identification dimension along with cultural, social, and structural dimensions.2 Erdal and Oeppen, “Migrant Balancing Acts,” and Unterreiner, Corridor Report.3 Killian, “What or Who”.4 When the Republic of Turkey was founded as a nation-state in 1923, religious identity was a significant component of national identity, therefore, “minority status” was granted only to non-Muslim citizens of Turkey through the Lausanne Treaty. Therefore, Alevis and Kurds in Turkey are considered minorities from a sociological perspective in this study rather than a legal aspect.5 Heath et al., The Political Integration; Ramakrishnan and Espenshade, “Immigrant Incorporation”; Güveli et al., “2,000 Families”; and Spierings, “Electoral Participation.”6 For migrants with minority backgrounds in ethnographic research, see, Dhanda, “Caste and International Migration,” Barrier and Dusenbery, The Sikh Diaspora, Metcalf and Rolfe “Caste Discrimination,” Jacobsen and Raj, South Asian, and, Kayyali “Race.”7 Shaghaghi, Bhopal, and Sheikh, “Approaches to Recruiting.”8 Bishop and Davis, “Mapping Public Participation,” a","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135458572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intellectual activism and pivotal paradigms in casting the model woman of the early Turkish Republic: the voices of Şükûfe Nihal and Nezihe Muhittin","authors":"Ş. Akile Zorlu, Gökten Doğangün","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2262089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2262089","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTFeminist historiography on the late Ottoman and early Turkish Republican era treats female women’s rights advocates typically as merely activists or literary figures and rarely focuses on their intellectual property, which constitutes the origin of their theoretical contribution to and active struggle for women’s equality. The academic corpus on the two prominent figures of the era, Şükûfe Nihal and Nezihe Muhittin, follows this pattern and concentrates predominantly on their literary works or activism, leaving their intellectualism overshadowed. This article employs an innovative perspective and argues that they were genuine intellectuals first. The article uncovers the intellectual lenses behind their discourses and claims their views were embedded in the premises of Enlightenment thought, positivism and nationalism, which constituted the building blocks of their paradigms on feminism, gender equality and womanhood. Unearthing their ideal woman image in the early Turkish Republic rests on the methods of contextual deconstruction and textual analysis.KEYWORDS: Women’s historyearly Turkish Republicmodernizationideal womanfeminism Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 The working definition of an intellectual is understood as engagement in critical thinking, research, reflection on social realities, and solution proposals for the problems of society. SeeJennings and Kemp-Welch, “The Century of the Intellectual.”2 Hill Collins, On Intellectual Activism, xy, In another work, she defines it as “the myriad ways in which people place the power of their ideas in service to social justice” “Truth-Telling.”3 Şükûfe Nihal (Başar), 1896–1973, educator, poet, writer, women's rights activist.4 Nezihe Muhiddin (Tepedelengil), 1889–1958, educator, journalist, novelist, women's rights activist, political leader.5 Argunşah, Bir Cumhuriyet Kadını, 51–5.6 Erkmen Güngördü, “Nezihe Muhiddin,” 1496–510.7 The adjective “Republican” was added after the formation of the party on November 10, 1924.8 Şükûfe Nihal, “Fırkamızın Mefkuresi.”9 “Tarihçe.”10 Yuval-Davis, Cinsiyet ve Millet.11 Sancar, Türk Modernleşmesinin Cinsiyetir.12 Sirman, “Feminism in Turkey,” 9; White, “State Feminism,” 146; Saktanber, “Kemalist Kadın Hakları Söylemi,” 327.13 Kandiyoti, “End of Empire,” 41.14 Çaha, Women and Civil Society, 51–2.15 Saktanber, “Kemalist Kadın Hakları Söylemi,” 327.16 For best examples, see Nezihe Muhiddin, “Affeden En Büyük İnsandır”; Nezihe Muhiddin, “Cumhuriyetin Yaratıcı Kudreti”; Şükûfe Nihal, “Cumhuriyette Kadın”; Şükûfe Nihal, “Sakat Cemiyet,” April 5, 1947; Şükûfe Nihal, “Kara Günler”; Nezihe Muhiddin, “Kurtuluş Bayramımız.”17 Şükûfe Nihal, “Neye Duruyoruz?”; Nezihe Muhiddin, “Cumhuriyet’in Türk Kadınlığı Üzerindeki Feyzi”.18 See Jayawardena for contextualizing the rise of feminist movement in the rise of anti-imperialist and national struggle. Jayawardena, Feminism and Nationalism.19 This combination speaks ","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkey’s withdrawal from Istanbul Convention: international human rights regime vis-à-vis authoritarian survival","authors":"Tuğba Bayar","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2262721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2262721","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article traces the raison d’être for Turkey’s withdrawal from the Istanbul Convention. It draws upon two bodies of literature: international human rights regimes (IHRR) and authoritarian survival strategies. The Turkish government faced an electoral defeat in local elections 2019, which represented a serious challenge to the ruling party. To compensate for its loss of power and to consolidate its voter base, the government took some steps for its political survival. This article argues that the dynamics of the withdrawal from the Convention lay primarily behind the authoritarian survival strategies of centralization, legitimation, and repression, and secondarily behind the issue area of the Convention as an international human rights regime.KEYWORDS: Istanbul ConventionauthoritarianismTurkish politicsregime theorypolitical survival Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Disclaimer statementFunded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or [name of the granting authority]. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.Notes1 “Statement regarding Türkiye’s withdrawal.”2 UN General Assembly, “Report,” 7 para. 43.3 İstanbul Sözleşmesi’nin Feshine Dair Danıştay Kararı.4 Sahin, “Combatting Violence,” and Kütük-Kuriş, “The Rise and Fall.”5 Eslen-Ziya, “Establishing Networked Misogyny.”6 Bodur Ün and Arıkan, “Europeanization and De-Europeanization,” and Temiz and Güneş, “Cumhurbaşkanlığı Kararnamelerinin Hukuki Niteliği.”7 In the literature on democratic regimes, transitional, diminishing forms of liberal democracies are labelled by various names such as “competitive authoritarian regimes,” “illiberal democracies,” or “tutelary democracies.” See Wigell, “Mapping ‘Hybrid Regimes’.”8 Krasner, Sovereignty, and Mearsheimer, “The False Promise.”9 Carr, The Twenty Years’ Crisis, 87.10 Bayulgen, Arbatli, and Canbolat, “Elite Survival Strategies.”11 Krasner, Structural Causes, 186.12 Keohane and Nye, Power and Interdependence, 19.13 Moravcsik, “The Origins,” 217.14 Moravcsik, Explaining the Emergence.15 Donnelly, “International Human Rights,” 616.16 Ibid., 601–2.17 Moravcsik, “The Origins,” 220.18 Moravcsik, Explaining the Emergence; Moravcsik, “The Origins”; Moravcsik, “Explaining International Human Rights Regimes”; Moravcsik, “Taking Preferences Seriously”; Slaughter, A Liberal Theory; and Slaughter, “Liberal International Relations Theory.”19 Ibid.20 Moravcsik, “The Origins,” 221.21 Aybet, “Turkey and the EU,” 531.22 Esen and Gumuscu, “Rising Competitive Authoritarianism,” 584–5, and Grigoriadis, “On the Europeanization,” 136–7.23 Grigoriadis, “On the Europeanization,” 135.24 Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasasının Bazı Maddelerinde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun.25 European Commission, “Turkey 2010 Progress Report,” 25–30.26 Moravcsik, “The Origins,” 22","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘My shop, my self’: independent women shopkeepers and their empowerment struggles","authors":"Gül Özsan","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2262091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2262091","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis article examines the empowerment struggles of female shopkeepers in a district in Istanbul, focusing upon the creation of autonomous women’s space, the construction of entrepreneurial/occupational identity, and the concomitant strengthening of female bonds, particularly those between mothers and daughters. I argue that understanding women’s solidarity is essential for any assessment about how the hegemonic gender codes are reproduced, reconfigured, or challenged in the world of independent female small business owners. Even though the women in the study do not explicitly oppose the dominant gender discourse, their position-takings are often the key in setting the trajectory of the power struggles around the small business. Women’s empowerment in this context is a difficult, open-ended process whose outcome is dependent upon how they tackle with the ambivalent, often negative reactions of their male life partners as well as maintaining their commitment to their enterprising endeavor and to their ties with other women.KEYWORDS: Small businessgenderwomen’s empowermentmother-daughter bondingwomen’s solidarity Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Gini, My Job, My Self.2 Martin, “Gendered Work Identities”; and Bradley, “Gender and Work.”3 Cornwall and Edwards, “Introduction”; Kabeer, “Resources”; and Kabeer, “Gender Equality.”4 Ahl, Female Entrepreneur; Ahl, “New Directions”; Ahl and Marlow, “Exploring”; Hamilton, “Whose Story”; Hamilton, “The Discourse”; and Gherardi, “Authoring.”5 Ahl and Marlow, “Exploring”; and Al-Dajani and Marlow, “Empowerment.”6 Hanson, “Changing Places”; Ojediran and Anderson, “Women’s Entrepreneurship”; Alkhaled and Berglund, “‘And Now I’m Free’”; and Roos and Gaddefors, “In the Wake.”7 Kandiyoti, “Bargaining”; Kandiyoti, “Gender, Power”; Hanson, “Changing Places”; Özkazanç-Pan, “On Agency”; Suzuki Him, “A Paradox”; Kawarazuka, Locke, and Seeley, “Women Bargaining”; and Cindoğlu, and Toktaş, “Empowerment and Resistance.”8 Al-Dajani and Marlow, “Empowerment and Entrepreneurship”; Essers, Benschop and Doorewaard, “Female Ethnicity”; Valdez, The New Entrepreneurs; Cederberg and Villares-Varela, “Negotiating Class”; and Essers, et al., “Navigating Belonging.”9 Ojediran and Anderson, “Women’s Entrepreneurship.”10 Bondi and Davidson, “Situating Gender,” 16.11 Spain, Gendered Spaces, and Massey, Space, Place, and Gender.12 Hanson, “Changing Places,” 262.13 Essers and Benschop, “Muslim Businesswomen”; Aygören and Nordqvist, “Gender”; and Ozasir-Kacar and Essers, “The Interplay.”14 Addo, “Is It Entrepreneurship.”15 Villares-Varela, “Negotiating Class”; and Cederberg and Villares-Varela, “Ethnic Entrepreneurship.”16 For a general evaluation of various theoretical approaches to middle-class identities, see Grimson, Guizardi, and Merenson, “Introduction.”17 Hanson and Blake, “Gender and Entrepreneurial Networks”; and Hanson, “Changing Places,” 252.18 Emily Chamlee examines","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish foreign policy in the Middle East and North Africa under the AKP: an empirical analysis","authors":"Hasan Yönten, R. Denemark","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2222525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2222525","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Turkish foreign policy under the Justice and Development Party (AKP) has been the subject of much change, especially as regards relations with the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). We create and analyze a novel dataset of Turkey’s treaties with MENA countries to offer and assess several arguments empirically. We find that Turkey became more diplomatically active in the MENA and emerged as a ‘trading state’ in the AKP’s first decade. In the wake of the Arab Uprisings, especially after 2016, Turkey became less diplomatically active and more security oriented. However, it did not necessarily lose all of the characteristics of a ‘trading state.’","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"832 - 852"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90839421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rediscovering Turkish Jewish heritage: The Club as a teaching moment in Turkey","authors":"Senem B. Çevik, Esra Aydın Kılıç","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2223994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2223994","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Turkish Jewish culture is largely unknown within Turkey due to various reasons, including demographic and historical factors. Negative stereotypes about Jews in Turkish film and television have further contributed to this lack of understanding. The ground-breaking television series, The Club, produced for Netflix, showcases Turkish Jews as its main characters and highlights their Sephardic heritage. We believe that media plays an important role in educating the public and shaping perceptions. To explore this, we conducted thirty in-depth, semi-structured interviews using the snowball method to investigate the impact of the series on the audience’s knowledge of Turkish Jews. Our findings suggest that The Club has helped raise awareness about Turkish Jews, Sephardic culture, and Judaism among the research sample, as it presents a non-stereotypical portrayal of its Jewish characters.","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":"905 - 929"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91270060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Democracy or authoritarianism: Islamist governments in Turkey, Egypt, and Tunisia","authors":"Esen Kirdiş","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2221383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2221383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"48 1","pages":"930 - 932"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85193228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liberalism: the missing piece in Turkey’s political development","authors":"Paul Kubicek","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2213829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2213829","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prominent themes in Turkey’s political development are modernization and Westernization, notions that carry with them a particular teleology in terms of expected political outcomes. While Turkey has, over several decades, modernized in several respects, Westernization has arguably been much more limited, particularly in terms of embracing political liberalism. This paper scrutinizes its failure to take root in Turkey, noting how a congruence of factors at both the mass and elite levels tends to work against policies that would embrace individual rights and freedoms, pluralism, and a more limited role for the state. It focuses in particular on three periods in Turkish history when liberalism could have potentially been adopted, but ultimately failed to succeed.","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"476 - 499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87104058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent developmental performance of Turkey and South Korea: an appraisal from political economy perspective","authors":"M. Erdoğdu","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2210765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2210765","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Turkey’s per capita income was nearly three times South Korea’s in 1962. Dramatic change has been observed since then. South Korea has transformed into an innovative economy approaching the global technology frontier in only a few decades. Turkey, on the other hand, has attained limited success with missed opportunities and has fallen behind. This article asks why this spectacular success was observed in South Korea, but not in Turkey. It seeks an answer by concentrating on certain variables that may explain this outcome. Assuming that primarily different types and capacities of societies and states explain the variations in economic performance, the article examines in particular, the institutional foundations of Turkish and Korean societies.","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"500 - 521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86800660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: reflections on the centenary of the Republic of Turkey","authors":"Paul Kubicek","doi":"10.1080/14683849.2023.2210352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14683849.2023.2210352","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article briefly introduces the rationale and content of a Special Issue of Turkish Studies that reflects on Turkey’s past, present, and future in light of the Republic’s centenary in 2023. It suggests that while Turkey can celebrate many accomplishments over the last century, the country continues to face a number of pressing political, economic, and social challenges.","PeriodicalId":47071,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Studies","volume":"140 1","pages":"407 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86578191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}