Journal of World Prehistory最新文献

Ivories in the Late Chalcolithic Period and Their Significance for Understanding Contacts Between Egypt and the Southern Levant 晚期查尔克利石时期的象牙及其对了解埃及与南黎凡特之间联系的意义

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-024-09187-9

Danny Rosenberg, Rivka Chasan

{"title":"Ivories in the Late Chalcolithic Period and Their Significance for Understanding Contacts Between Egypt and the Southern Levant","authors":"Danny Rosenberg, Rivka Chasan","doi":"10.1007/s10963-024-09187-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-024-09187-9","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most interesting aspects of the Late Chalcolithic period in the southern Levant (c. 4500–3900 cal BC), a period marking notable societal transformations and developments in economy, craft and cult, was the appearance of ivory objects. Ivory, originating from the tusks of elephants and hippopotamuses, suddenly appeared in this period in low quantities and only at a few sites, restricted mainly to the northern Negev, Judean Desert and the central Mediterranean coastal plain. The current paper discusses the Late Chalcolithic ivory objects found in the southern Levant and suggests that we should not merely view these finds as artistic objects charged with symbolic value, but rather, we should acknowledge the role of the specific raw material from which they were made, for its social and economic values based on the likely non-local origin of the ivory and the inherent difficulty in its acquisition. These factors bestowed the ivory items with special significance and prestige value that differentiated them from other more common bone tools. Moreover, we suggest that although these findings reflect contacts, albeit limited between the southern Levant and Predynastic Egypt.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142171311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Circulation of Goods and Information in Southern Patagonia During the Late Holocene: An Integrated Analysis of Engravings and Black Obsidian Artefacts 全新世晚期巴塔哥尼亚南部的商品和信息流通：对雕刻和黑曜石文物的综合分析

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-024-09185-x

Anahí Re, Gisela Cassiodoro, Josefina Flores Coni, Francisco Guichón

{"title":"Circulation of Goods and Information in Southern Patagonia During the Late Holocene: An Integrated Analysis of Engravings and Black Obsidian Artefacts","authors":"Anahí Re, Gisela Cassiodoro, Josefina Flores Coni, Francisco Guichón","doi":"10.1007/s10963-024-09185-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-024-09185-x","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the strategies implemented by hunter-gatherer groups in Southern Patagonia during the Late Holocene in relation to the circulation of goods and information. Previous archaeological investigations have revealed important changes in human mobility and land-use patterns during this period, associated with increasingly dry environmental conditions. In this context, we undertake a broad spatial scale analysis of the circulation of goods and information through the integrated examination of two lines of evidence: rock art and lithic raw materials. Specifically, we consider the distribution of engravings and black obsidian artefacts assigned to the Late Holocene. The former can offer certain insights into the circulation of information, and the latter are indicative of the circulation of goods. Our analysis suggests that during this period different strategies were developed by hunter-gatherer groups to face the changing environment. Several implications concerning social interaction and the movement of people during this period in Southern Patagonia are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Salt Mining and Salt Miners at Talkherud–Douzlākh, Northwestern Iran: From Landscape to Resource-Scape 伊朗西北部 Talkherud-Douzlākh 的盐矿和盐矿工人：从景观到资源景观

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-024-09183-z

Thomas Stöllner, Abolfazl Aali, Nicole Boenke, Hossein Davoudi, Erich Draganits, Homa Fathi, Kristina A. Franke, Rainer Herd, Katja Kosczinski, Marjan Mashkour, Iman Mostafapour, Nima Nezafati, Lena Öhrström, Frank Rühli, Sahand Saeidi, Fabian Schapals, Nicolas Schimerl, Beate Sikorski, Hamed Zifar

{"title":"Salt Mining and Salt Miners at Talkherud–Douzlākh, Northwestern Iran: From Landscape to Resource-Scape","authors":"Thomas Stöllner, Abolfazl Aali, Nicole Boenke, Hossein Davoudi, Erich Draganits, Homa Fathi, Kristina A. Franke, Rainer Herd, Katja Kosczinski, Marjan Mashkour, Iman Mostafapour, Nima Nezafati, Lena Öhrström, Frank Rühli, Sahand Saeidi, Fabian Schapals, Nicolas Schimerl, Beate Sikorski, Hamed Zifar","doi":"10.1007/s10963-024-09183-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-024-09183-z","url":null,"abstract":"The Douzlākh salt deposit (region: Māhneshān, Zanjān Province, Iran) is unique for its pure and crystal rock salt and was an important supplier of culinary (‘table’) salt in Achaemenid, Sassanid and Middle Islamic times. At the same time, the site was of central importance to the economic life of the rural populations in the Talkherud Basin. This article focuses on the question of which strategies were decisive for the exploitation of the salt mountain and how a potential supra-regional interest in the culinary salt was perhaps reciprocally connected with a rural hinterland. This hinterland was recently investigated in greater detail by our ongoing research. Did a resource-scape based on salt develop with specific economic and social strategies and practices around the Douzlākh? And was this development triggered by state or imperial control and demand? These questions are being pursued from a perspective utilising a variety of subjects and methods in archaeology, archaeobiology, archaeometry and geoarchaeology. In addition to a detailed on-site artefact study, several on- and off-site datasets have been collected and analysed within a multidisciplinary framework. This article synthesises the results of a major 12-year project to identify the organisational principles and daily practices within this specific salt-scape. The sensational finds of the Douzlākh salt mummies, along with the generally outstanding preservation of organic ecofacts and artefacts, allow insights into antique lifeworlds that are otherwise hard to come by. The multidisciplinary study of on- and off-site data allows far-reaching insights into interdisciplinary topics, such as the social system, supply and logistics, or the presence of non-local or non-indigenous populations.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141333531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prehistory to History: A New Archaeological Approach to Knowledge Transmission and the Inception of Literacy in Central Europe 从史前到历史：中欧知识传播和识字起源的考古学新方法

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-024-09184-y

Jiří Macháček

引用次数: 0

Patrilocality at the Beginning of Farming? An Isotopic Approach from SE Moravia 农耕伊始的父系社会？来自摩拉维亚东南部的同位素方法

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-024-09181-1

Berta Morell-Rovira, Zdeněk Tvrdý, Marta Díaz-Zorita Bonilla, Penny Bickle, Peter Tóth, Michal Přichystal, Alžběta Bedáňová, Alba Masclans

{"title":"Patrilocality at the Beginning of Farming? An Isotopic Approach from SE Moravia","authors":"Berta Morell-Rovira, Zdeněk Tvrdý, Marta Díaz-Zorita Bonilla, Penny Bickle, Peter Tóth, Michal Přichystal, Alžběta Bedáňová, Alba Masclans","doi":"10.1007/s10963-024-09181-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-024-09181-1","url":null,"abstract":"This research combines Strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and Oxygen (δ18O) isotope analysis to challenge the prevailing interpretation of patrilocal exogamic practices among eastern European Early Neolithic Linearbandkeramik (LBK) communities. Patrilocality has been considered the key factor influencing the mobility patterns of central Europe’s first farmers (c. 5500–4900 cal. BC), especially in the south-eastern Moravian region (Czech Republic). Focusing our attention on both male and female tooth enamel samples from cemeteries, settlement graves and small clusters of graves, this paper reassesses the correlation between mobility, biological sex, and funerary practices. This task is accomplished by establishing a new isotopic footprint using new 87Sr/86Sr data, as well as significantly increasing the number of sampled individuals for 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O. The outcome of this research contributes to a better understanding of the mobility patterns among early farmers in central Europe, challenging existing theories and providing new insights into their social and cultural dynamics.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140622870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Middle Paleolithic of the Balkans: Industrial Variability, Human Biogeography, and Neanderthal Demise 巴尔干半岛的旧石器时代中期：工业变异、人类生物地理学和尼安德特人的消亡

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-023-09179-1

{"title":"The Middle Paleolithic of the Balkans: Industrial Variability, Human Biogeography, and Neanderthal Demise","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s10963-023-09179-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-023-09179-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> Europe is characterized by an uneven record of Middle Paleolithic occupations. Specifically, large parts of southeastern Europe display markedly lower site densities and less intensive evidence of human presence than is found elsewhere; this has often resulted in the exclusion of the Balkans from debates related to Pleistocene human adaptation. The discrepancy stems either from the lower population densities of southeastern Europe or an imbalance in research across Europe. Additionally, our understanding of Balkan Middle Paleolithic stone tool industries suffers from the use of Mousterian labels defined when Bordian typology was the chief method of lithic analysis. Industrial facies then defined and still in use include Balkan Charentian, Levallois Mousterian, Micromousterian, Denticulate Mousterian; their relation with the rest of the Eurasian record was and remains unclear. This paper sets aside the issue of scarcity of Pleistocene occupations and tries to address Neanderthal biogeography, and variations in Neanderthal technological behavior and subsistence, based on the available record. It reviews the current Middle Paleolithic record in the Balkans, presents the apparent temporal and spatial trends, and presents the provisional biogeography of hominins, including scenarios for the demise of Neanderthals at or soon after the arrival of modern humans in Europe. The paper ends with a discussion of perspectives for future research arising from this analysis of the available record and proposes some hypotheses regarding the role of the Balkans in the overall context of the occupational history of western Eurasia in the Middle/Late Pleistocene.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138679655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The First Monumental Burials in the 5th Millennium BC: Unresolved Questions About the Emergence of the ‘Passy Phenomenon’ 公元前 5 千年的第一批墓葬：关于 "帕西现象 "出现的未决问题

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-023-09180-8

Philippe Chambon, Aline Thomas

{"title":"The First Monumental Burials in the 5th Millennium BC: Unresolved Questions About the Emergence of the ‘Passy Phenomenon’","authors":"Philippe Chambon, Aline Thomas","doi":"10.1007/s10963-023-09180-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-023-09180-8","url":null,"abstract":"Funerary monuments appeared shortly after the arrival of the first farmers along the Atlantic Coast of continental Europe, during the first half of the fifth millennium. These enormous constructions, belonging to the ‘Passy’ phenomenon, can measure over 350 m in length and were erected to commemorate high-status individuals. No funerary evidence from the previous period hints at the emergence of these monuments. They do not exhibit any geographical continuity, originating from different cultural substrates. Nevertheless, these structures are characterized by the repetition of specific traits, including their layout and their spatial articulation, as well as a high degree of gender segregation and a focus on hunting or archery. This convergence reflects a well-established social structure and ideology, shared between communities. Moreover, it implies that the descendants of the two main cultures responsible for the spread of agriculture in Europe, the Linearbandkeramik and the Impresso-Cardial, which met at the end of the continent and which absorbed the descendants of the last hunter-gatherers, generated a new value system, and likely a new religious universe. While the funerary monumentality that appeared alongside the Passy phenomenon continued in the form of megaliths, the system eventually collapsed after a few centuries—which was to be expected, given its extreme character.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138679639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Strength of Diversity: Macrolithic Artefacts and Productive Forces During the Chalcolithic of Southern Iberia 多样性的力量：伊比利亚南部铜矿时代的大石器时代艺术品和生产力

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-023-09178-2

Marina Eguíluz, Selina Delgado-Raack, Roberto Risch

{"title":"The Strength of Diversity: Macrolithic Artefacts and Productive Forces During the Chalcolithic of Southern Iberia","authors":"Marina Eguíluz, Selina Delgado-Raack, Roberto Risch","doi":"10.1007/s10963-023-09178-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-023-09178-2","url":null,"abstract":"Any approach to the economic organization of a society depends on our knowledge of the productive forces and relations of production involved. In archaeology, this line of research requires an analysis of the technical quality and quantity of the means of production, as well as their spatial distribution and contextualisation. Macrolithic artefacts constituted the means of production in many of the productive processes of past communities, from the Neolithic period to the end of prehistory. This article seeks to utilize macrolithic data to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the economic organisation of the Chalcolithic communities in the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula between c. 3100 and 2200 cal BC. These communities produced one of the most outstanding, but at the same time puzzling archaeological records known in later prehistory. The main aim of this exploratory approach, the first of its kind, is to determine if the different forms of occupation of the Chalcolithic, namely monumental, ditched enclosures, fortified and unfortified hill-top settlements, and simple, open settlements were distinguished by specific modes of production. This issue is crucial to the on-going debate about the meaning and relevance of the notion of social complexity in the context of Chalcolithic societies and their political organisation. Our study describes the productive forces of the Chalcolithic settlements as highly variable, both in the type of productive tasks performed and in their intensity, and such variability is not explained by aspects like geographic location, form of occupation, or monumentality. The observed wealth and productive diversity, without signs of marked social hierarchies, emerge as a characteristic feature of what can be defined as cooperative affluent societies.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"91 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Archaeological Evidence of the Development of a Regional Society in Santarém (AD 1000–1600), Lower Amazon: A Path to Understanding Social Complexity 亚马逊河下游Santarém（公元1000–1600年）地区社会发展的考古证据：理解社会复杂性的途径

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-023-09177-3

Denise Maria Cavalcante Gomes, Angislaine Freitas Costa, Casimiro Sepúlveda Munita, João Paulo Lopes da Cunha

{"title":"Archaeological Evidence of the Development of a Regional Society in Santarém (AD 1000–1600), Lower Amazon: A Path to Understanding Social Complexity","authors":"Denise Maria Cavalcante Gomes, Angislaine Freitas Costa, Casimiro Sepúlveda Munita, João Paulo Lopes da Cunha","doi":"10.1007/s10963-023-09177-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-023-09177-3","url":null,"abstract":"This article sets out to broaden our knowledge of the sociopolitical dynamics of Santarém (AD 1000–1600), a regional society in the Lower Amazon, by synthesizing the existing archaeological data relating to settlement patterns, ritual ceramics, prestige goods and chronology, as well as exploring aspects linked to the technology of ceramic production at the Carapanari site, a small-scale community located in the region during the late precolonial period. Using an integrated approach, the research combines a techno-functional analysis of a sample basically composed of ceramic fragments, providing information on the original forms and possible uses, with microscopy and compositional analyses of fragments based on instrumental neutron activation analysis. This enables the identification of technological choices, processes of innovation and behavioral changes, also present at other sites in the region that are expressed over time. The set of information presented here engages with recent debates on the emergence of complex societies, providing some insight into the historical development of this polity in Amazonia during the late precolonial period.","PeriodicalId":47061,"journal":{"name":"Journal of World Prehistory","volume":"91 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71435520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Situla Art: An Iron Age Artisanal Tradition Found Between the Apennines and the Eastern Alps and Its Identity Valencies 锡图拉艺术：在亚平宁山脉和东阿尔卑斯山脉之间发现的铁器时代的手工传统及其身份价值

IF 2 1区历史学

Journal of World Prehistory Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10963-023-09174-6

F. Saccoccio

引用次数: 0