International Relations最新文献_第8页

King in the North: evaluating the status recognition and performance of the Scandinavian countries 北方之王:评价斯堪的纳维亚国家的地位、认识和表现

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-07-14 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221110135

Pål Røren, A. Wivel

{"title":"King in the North: evaluating the status recognition and performance of the Scandinavian countries","authors":"Pål Røren, A. Wivel","doi":"10.1177/00471178221110135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178221110135","url":null,"abstract":"The Scandinavian states’ pursuit of status in world politics is well documented. However, little is known about whether these endeavors have resulted in higher status for these states. In this article, we suggest that the Scandinavian countries represent a useful case to explore whether similar foreign policy profiles and common club membership equalizes or exacerbates the unequal distribution of status recognition in world politics. To measure the status recognition of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, we use a network centrality measure of diplomatic representation and exchange from 1970 to 2010. We also measure how well the states have performed to increase their status recognition given their available status resources (measured by military capabilities and wealth) and their status-seeking effort (measured by relative diplomatic outreach). Our results show that Sweden has received significantly more recognition and performed much better than both Denmark and Norway in the measured period. We offer three explanations for these developments. First, the spoils of seeking status using the Scandinavian brand is akin to a regional zero-sum game in which Sweden, as the most visible state of the three, is the main beneficiary of the status recognition in the direction of the club. Second, status recognition often lags achievements or increases in status resources because the beliefs of foreign policy practitioners are only updated sporadically. This status lag is especially visible when states struggle to convert their resources into status (Norway), or when they succeed in maintaining their status despite experiencing a drop in status resources (Sweden). Third, an increase in status resources will only influence status recognition if it plays into a corresponding narrative. Sweden, in contrast to the nouveau riche Norwegians, has managed to rearticulate its foreign policy in a way that has attracted recognition in world politics.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"12 1","pages":"298 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82944432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Is the liberal order on the way out? China’s rise, networks, and the liberal hegemon 自由秩序正在走向没落吗?中国的崛起、网络和自由主义霸权

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221109002

D. W. Larson

引用次数: 0

Violence re-directed: due care and the moral challenge of casualty displacement warfare 暴力重新导向:应有的谨慎和伤亡流离失所战争的道德挑战

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221105598

Neil C. Renic, S. Kaempf

引用次数: 0

Strategic culture and competing visions for the EU’s Russia strategy: flexible accommodation, cooperative deterrence, and calibrated confrontation 欧盟对俄战略的战略文化与竞争愿景:灵活适应、合作威慑和校准对抗

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221104697

P. Silva

{"title":"Strategic culture and competing visions for the EU’s Russia strategy: flexible accommodation, cooperative deterrence, and calibrated confrontation","authors":"P. Silva","doi":"10.1177/00471178221104697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178221104697","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the national security strategies of EU member states in the 2009–2018 period, and conceptualizes three security strategies EU member states have adopted toward Russia – flexible accommodation, cooperative deterrence, and calibrated confrontation. It tests strategic culture hypotheses against those of realism and commercial liberalism to explain the variation of EU member states’ security strategies toward Russia. While a realist explanation would predict EU member states geographically proximate to Russia would possess more confrontational security strategies, geographic proximity and confrontational security strategies toward Russia are not positively correlated. Bilateral economic interdependence with Russia, the presence of populist parties in EU member states governing coalitions, and EU member states’ alignment or status as an occupied state during the Cold War also do not explain EU member states’ security strategies toward Russia. A more consistent explanation of the variance in EU member states’ policy on Russia revolves around the strategic culture of the state in question. States with a more Atlanticist perspective tend to be more confrontation with Russia than their more Europeanist counterparts, regardless of geographic proximity or economic interdependence with Russia.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82027523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Globalising the ‘war on terror’? An analysis of 36 countries 全球化的“反恐战争”?对36个国家的分析

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221105576

T. Ide

{"title":"Globalising the ‘war on terror’? An analysis of 36 countries","authors":"T. Ide","doi":"10.1177/00471178221105576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178221105576","url":null,"abstract":"The war on terror as a discourse assumes that terrorism is an essential threat of global proportions, is mostly perpetuated by Islamist networks, and requires a strong international response. This discourse had tremendous impacts on both domestic and international politics. Consequentially, a large number of studies analyse the assumptions underlying and the policies legitimised by the war on terror discourse. However, existing work mostly focusses on one or a few cases, predominantly in the global north. This article introduces a novel dataset containing information on the war on terror discourse in the school textbooks of 36 countries, representing around 64% of the world’s population, for the period 2003–2014. Based on this dataset, I present the first comprehensive analysis of the global diffusion of the war on terror discourse. The study finds that the discourse has by no means globalised but is mostly limited to wealthy countries in Europe and North America. There are hence clear limits to the USA’s soft power and the hyper-globalisation of terrorism discourses. Factors like terrorism intensity, armed conflict and authoritarian regime have little predictive power. This is despite clear incentives for challenged (authoritarian) regimes to adapt the war on terror discourse. Contrary to common assumptions in critical security and terrorism studies, the war on terror discourse is hardly associated with an emphasis on terrorists’ irrationality and hatred or with the marginalisation of socio-political grievances.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"109 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89739685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

‘UNESCO’s World Heritage List: power, national interest, and expertise’ 《联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录:权力、国家利益和专业知识》

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221105597

Deborah Barros Leal Farias

{"title":"‘UNESCO’s World Heritage List: power, national interest, and expertise’","authors":"Deborah Barros Leal Farias","doi":"10.1177/00471178221105597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178221105597","url":null,"abstract":"With almost universal membership, the World Heritage Convention is at the heart of the global governance of heritage. Nested within UNESCO, the Convention sets the parameters for determining which natural and/or cultural sites can receive the prestigious ‘World Heritage Property’ designation and be added to the World Heritage List. What started in the early 1970s as an expert-based classification procedure focused on heritage preservation has become an ostensive political process, and a hotbed of competing nations interested in the domestic and international power deriving from inscriptions in the World Heritage List. This paper takes this empirical case as a springboard to reflect upon two key interrelated issues: the politicization of expertise and classification by International Organizations, and heritage as a national identity project and projection of ‘soft power’. In doing so, it highlights how changes in the global system since the late 19th century – for example, colonialism, Cold War, ‘emerging’ powers – affected the global politics of heritage. The paper adds to the incredibly trans-disciplinary field of world heritage research by anchoring itself in International Relations literature, mostly through a Constructivist-based approach.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85517316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Imagined communities: from subjecthood to nationality in the British Atlantic 想象中的共同体:英属大西洋从主体性到民族性

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221098913

Luke Cooper

引用次数: 1

The international system and the Syrian civil war 国际体系和叙利亚内战

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221097908

Christopher Phillips

{"title":"The international system and the Syrian civil war","authors":"Christopher Phillips","doi":"10.1177/00471178221097908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00471178221097908","url":null,"abstract":"How does the international system impact a civil war? Does polarity affect the war’s outbreak, character and how long it lasts? Systemic Realists argue multipolarity makes inter-state war more likely, but is this also true of intra-state war? Using the Syria conflict (2011-present) as a case study, this article suggests a connection can be found. It argues that the end of US-dominated unipolarity, and its interaction with a new multipolarity in the Middle East region impacted the behaviour and calculations of foreign states involved, contributing to the outbreak of war and how it progressed. The same interacting multipolarity paradoxically also shaped Russia’s decision to intervene in 2015, ultimately edging the war towards a conclusion, something that Systemic Realists would not expect. This study of the systemic effects in the Syria conflict suggests that the Neo-Realist concept of polarity continues to have relevance and can be useful in understanding intra- as well as inter-state conflict. It points to the importance of the interaction between regional and global systems in generating these effects, and it suggests a reconsideration of the Neo-Realist view that multipolarity always makes wars harder to end.","PeriodicalId":47031,"journal":{"name":"International Relations","volume":"15 1","pages":"358 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83877155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pluralism, plurality and interdisciplinary relations in IR: shifting theoretical directions 国际关系中的多元、多元与跨学科关系:理论方向的转变

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221097228

Hiroaki Ataka

引用次数: 0

Disentangling populism and nationalism as discourses of foreign policy: the case of Greek foreign policy during the Eurozone crisis 2010-19 民粹主义和民族主义作为外交政策话语的分离:2010-19年欧元区危机期间希腊外交政策的案例

IF 1.6 3区社会学

International Relations Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/00471178221094242

Angelos Chryssogelos

引用次数: 2