Journal of Women & Aging最新文献

{"title":"Adapting, testing, and refining a resilience intervention for older women with HIV: An open pilot study.","authors":"Christina Psaros, Amelia M Stanton, Georgia R Goodman, Greer Raggio, Elsa S Briggs, Nina Lin, Gregory K Robbins, Elyse R Park","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2094163","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2094163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Half of persons with HIV in the United States (US), many of whom are women, are over age 50. Aging women with HIV (WWH) face unique biopsychosocial challenges, including stigma, the physiological effects of aging, and illness-associated stressors. Resilience interventions can build awareness of such stressors and aid in facilitating the relaxation response; however, no existing interventions specifically cater to the needs of older WWH. The content of the Relaxation Response Resiliency Program, which teaches positive psychology strategies, relaxation techniques, and cognitive behavioral skills, was adapted for older WWH. Thirteen WWH over 50 participated in an open pilot of the adapted intervention to iteratively refine the program and its procedures. Participants attended either 8 or 10 weekly group sessions; three groups were conducted in total. Pre- and post-intervention assessments and qualitative exit interviews were conducted. Among completers, an increase in resilience was observed. Though significance testing was not conducted, social support also increased, and depression, anxiety, and HIV stigma decreased from pre- to post-intervention. Over half of eligible women enrolled; completers reported high satisfaction with the program. However, retention was difficult; six participants withdrew or were lost to follow-up. Mean number of sessions attended was 3.5 in the 8-session group and 5 in the 10-session groups. In this small sample, the adapted intervention led to a clinically meaningful increase in resilience, though recruitment and retention were challenging. Further refinements to the intervention are needed to minimize attrition and increase acceptability before additional testing is initiated.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 4","pages":"395-415"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9879572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9732209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Silver Generation in the labor market: Work and time management of the 65+ age group in North-Eastern Hungary.","authors":"Judit Csoba,&nbsp;Tibor Ladancsik","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2048591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2048591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The investigation of the labor market challenges generated by an aging society is currently one of the central subjects of international academic literature. Previous research mostly analyzed the labor market participation of people aged between 55 and 65. However, as the raising of the retirement age is on the agenda in several European countries, the ability and willingness of the 65+ age group to work has become a key issue. Our questionnaire survey conducted in Hajdú-Bihar county, North-Eastern Hungary (<i>N</i> = 2,625, multistage probability sample) focused on this age group, which has received relatively little attention in research with respect to their labor market status. It investigated participation in the formal and informal labor market, the time management of the 65+ age group, and the factors that determine their willingness to work. Our analysis revealed that only a rather small proportion (2.7%) of the investigated age group is engaged in the formal economy, and the vast majority (93%) is not engaged in any gainful activity even in the informal economy. However, in 68.7% of the sample we can identify certain activities that aim to reduce expenses and can be clearly considered as work. Thus the members of the Silver Generation are working to a considerably higher degree than official employment statistics show. The primary obstacle for open labor market involvement is not age but rather education level and health status. According to our research, the level of employment of the 65+ age group is highly affected by the lack of pressing financial need and also by ageism. A total of 99.2% of the respondents possess transfer incomes that cover their living expenses, so in their case there is no financial constraint forcing them to return to the open labor market. At the same time, certain widespread stereotypes about the work involvement of older people are also strongly present among members of the 65+ age group (internalized ageism) and significantly reduce their motivation to participate in employment in the formal economy even among those members of the age group who are still fit for work.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 4","pages":"319-342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9785669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A time for me: A virtual program to engage African American caregivers.","authors":"Abiola O Keller,&nbsp;Nia C Norris,&nbsp;Bashir Easter,&nbsp;Andrea Garr,&nbsp;Gail Morgan,&nbsp;Ramona Dicks-Williams,&nbsp;Colleen Galambos","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2064175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2064175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the self-care needs of African American family caregivers, a community-engaged approach was used to develop and implement a half-day virtual self-care program. This study evaluates experiences of program attendees. All attendees were emailed an electronic survey containing Likert-type and open-ended questions. Responses were examined for patterns and key content-related categories using inductive content analysis. Eleven attendees responded to the survey. All 11 strongly agreed (64%) or agreed (36%) that the event met their expectations and/or needs. In addition to providing opportunity to take time to engage in self-care, the event created a virtual space for women to focus on themselves. Women spoke about three distinct ways the event met their needs: (1) learning and trying new things, (2) access to resources, and (3) having a shared experience. These findings suggest that virtual programs may be used as an additional resource to support the health of African American women caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 4","pages":"369-382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9752516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family caregivers of people with dementia in the context of the sociocultural stress and coping model: An examination of gender differences.","authors":"Andrés Losada-Baltar,&nbsp;Carlos Vara-García,&nbsp;María Del Sequeros Pedroso-Chaparro,&nbsp;Isabel Cabrera,&nbsp;Lucia Jiménez-Gonzalo,&nbsp;José Fernandes-Pires,&nbsp;Cristina Huertas-Domingo,&nbsp;Samara Barrera-Caballero,&nbsp;Laura Gallego-Alberto,&nbsp;Rosa Romero-Moreno,&nbsp;María Márquez-González","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2052705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2052705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study assessed gender differences in the associations between familism dimensions, dysfunctional thoughts, and resource and outcome variables in 190 Spanish dementia family caregivers. A theoretical model was tested through path analysis, obtaining an excellent fit of the model to the data. Higher scores in the familial obligations dimension were associated with lower self-efficacy for self-care and obtaining respite and leisure frequency, and higher anxious and depressive feelings, in female caregivers only. Significant between-gender differences were obtained, suggesting that female caregivers holding strong familistic values are more vulnerable to the negative consequences of caregiving compared to male caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 4","pages":"354-368"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9728103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of weight, smoking, and alcohol consumption with age at natural menopause.","authors":"Jung Hee Yeo,&nbsp;Miyong T Kim","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2050157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2050157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In South Korea, rapid economic growth and modernization have led to changes in lifestyle factors that may affect age at natural menopause. Data from 4,793 women aged ≥55 years, who had a natural menopause, were analyzed from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2017). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between lifestyle factors and age at natural menopause after adjusting for birth cohort (Model 1) and sociodemographic and reproductive factors (Model 2). Overall, 3.1% of women experienced premature menopause (<40 years), 7.6% early menopause (40-44 years), and 12.8% late menopause (≥55 years). Women born in the 1940s or earlier among the birth cohorts had the highest prevalence of premature (70.0%), early (58.5%), and late (43.1%) menopause. In Model 2, current smoking (odds ratio = 3.99 and 95% confidence interval = 1.35-11.81) was associated with premature menopause. Low (<18.5 kg/m²) and high (≥25 kg/m²) body mass index were associated with early (odds ratio = 2.30 and 95% confidence interval = 1.01-5.22) and late (odds ratio = 1.38 and 95% confidence interval = 1.10-1.72) menopause respectively. Conversely, there was no association between age at natural menopause and alcohol consumption. The results suggest that healthy lifestyle factors, such as not smoking and proper weight maintenance, are significant factors affecting age at natural menopause. Our findings may help develop health policies and provide targeted care to improve women's health after midlife.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 4","pages":"343-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9728098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health and parenting demands among grandparent caregivers of young U.S. children.","authors":"Sarah A Keim,&nbsp;Andria Parrott,&nbsp;Rachel E Mason","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2094153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2094153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance abuse epidemics and changes in incarceration and foster care policies have recently placed more young children in grandparent custody. Grandmothers bear much of this caregiving responsibility. Our objective was to compare grandparent caregivers of preschool-aged children (grandparent(s) only or in multigenerational households) to parent caregivers, by caregiver sex, in their mental health, available emotional support, and capacity to manage parenting demands. Using U.S. National Survey of Children's Health data (2016-2019), we used survey-weighted logistic regression models adjusted for socio-demographic confounders and conducted sub-group analyses by caregiver sex. Among 30,046 families with a child aged 1-5 years, 776 (4.1%) were grandparent-only, 817 (3.3%) multigenerational, 28,453 (92.7) parent-headed (weighted percentages). Most caregivers (78.7%) were in Excellent/Very Good mental health, but grandfathers in grandparent-only households were less so. Despite being more likely to parent alone, caregivers in grandparent-only households had about twice the odds of having a source of emotional support (adjusted prevalence odds ratio [aPOR] = 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12, 3.83). Grandmothers, in particular, had greater odds of handling day-to-day parenting demands (aPOR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.35, 4.27) and of reporting rarely/never feeling angry with the child in their care (aPOR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.53, 5.01), compared to mothers in parent households. Caregivers in multigenerational households displayed no differences as compared to parents except for grandfathers in multigenerational households who were more likely often bothered by the child. Despite increasing demands on grandparents, they generally reported faring as well as or better than parent caregivers, especially grandmothers. Their prior experience and social support may make them resilient.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 4","pages":"383-394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9734510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing cardiovascular disease in midlife women with HIV: An examination of facilitators and barriers to heart health behaviors.","authors":"Amelia M Stanton, Georgia R Goodman, Gregory K Robbins, Sara E Looby, Marcel Williams, Christina Psaros, Greer Raggio","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2030203","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2030203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Midlife women with HIV (WWH) are disproportionately impacted by cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet little is known about perceptions of CVD risk and the factors that influence engagement in heart health behaviors in this population. Few (if any) studies have used a qualitative approach to examine these perceptions, which has important implications for minimizing the negative impact of HIV-related noncommunicable diseases, the risk for which increases after midlife. Eighteen midlife WWH (aged 40-59) in Boston, MA, completed semistructured interviews to explore perceptions of CVD, HIV, and barriers and facilitators to healthy lifestyle behaviors. Interviews were analyzed via thematic analysis. Participants viewed heart health as important but were unaware of HIV-associated CVD risk. Facilitators included family and generational influences, social support, and access to resources. Physical symptoms, menopause, mental health challenges, and limited financial resources were barriers. Midlife WWH may benefit from tailored CVD prevention interventions that target their unique motivations and barriers to healthy behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 3","pages":"223-242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9399314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9295451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in coping with long-term COVID-19 impacts among older adults.","authors":"Kerstin Emerson,&nbsp;George Mois,&nbsp;Deborah Kim,&nbsp;Jenay Beer","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2036570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2036570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Initial COVID-19 pandemic research suggests that during the first few weeks of the pandemic women were disproportionately impacted by restrictions compared to men. This study explored whether these gender differences in coping with pandemic restrictions were present among older adults 8-9 months into the COVID-19 pandemic. Data are based on online survey responses (<i>n</i> = 781) from respondents aged 60 and older. The survey was fielded from November 2 to December 4, 2020. Compared to older men, a greater proportion of older women self-reported an increase in being lonely, anxious, scared, sad, stressed, hopeless, and frustrated as compared to the beginning of the pandemic. More women reported engaging in healthy coping behaviors compared to men and self-reported more decreases in sleeping and in eating compared to the first few weeks of the pandemic. A greater proportion of older women reported a decline in physical activity since the first few weeks of the pandemic compared to older men. Self-reported changes in communication did not differ by gender, except for text messaging. More women compared to men reported that their use of text messaging increased since the initial stages of the pandemic. Results showed significant gender differences among older adults in coping with long-term COVID-19 restrictions 8-9 months into the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 3","pages":"259-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9283950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older women: How do they feel while driving and what about the effects of age-and-gender stereotype threat?","authors":"Sandrine Gaymard,&nbsp;Laura Chauveau,&nbsp;Golda Cohen","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2044704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2044704","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Older female drivers could be considered victims of negative stereotypes for two reasons—being a woman and belonging to the older category—but there are no studies specifically in this double context. Two psychosocial questionnaires were created, one assessing the perception of driving abilities in different contexts (PDADC); the second, the perception of the attributes of driving (PAD) with a box for the activation of the stereotype threat. A population of 98 women, aged 65 years or older, comprised the experimental and control groups (quasi-experimental design). This study provides knowledge about the driving feelings of this population who appears, globally, as comfortable at the wheel and “immune” to stereotyping.","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 3","pages":"268-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9659721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender disparity in disability among Chinese oldest-old: Age and cohort trends.","authors":"Pan Chaoping,&nbsp;Wang Cen,&nbsp;Mohammedhamid Osman Kelifa,&nbsp;Li Xuyang,&nbsp;Peigang Wang","doi":"10.1080/08952841.2022.2031711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08952841.2022.2031711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed at exploring gender disparity in disability and identifying related disablement process factors among Chinese oldest-old. Data came from eight waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study (CLHLS). A hierarchical logistic Age-Period-Cohort (A-P-C) model was used to estimate the trend of gender disparity, and related disablement process factors were further decomposed by the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition. Our results found that women had higher disabilities than men. The age-based trend of gender disparity in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) continued to decline; that in Functional Limitation (FL) increased at first and then declined. The cohort-based trend of gender disparity in IADL showed a decreasing trend with each subsequent cohort; that in FL showed an increasing trend. Among the disablement process factors, health behaviors and social supports were the most important contributors to gender disparity in disability. The disability was higher for women than men, and the gender differences were attenuated at very old ages. To reduce gender disparities in disability, more attention should be paid to relevant factors of gender disparity in disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":47001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Women & Aging","volume":"35 3","pages":"243-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9295452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}