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Language Variation and Change最新文献

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LVC volume 33 issue 2 Cover and Back matter LVC第33卷第2期封面和封底
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0954394521000193
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引用次数: 0
New and old puzzles in the morphological conditioning of coronal stop deletion 冠状停止缺失形态学条件下的新旧困惑
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0954394521000119
L. Mackenzie, Meredith Tamminga
{"title":"New and old puzzles in the morphological conditioning of coronal stop deletion","authors":"L. Mackenzie, Meredith Tamminga","doi":"10.1017/S0954394521000119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394521000119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper probes the well-documented morphological effect on coronal stop deletion (CSD, also called /t,d/-deletion), by which there is more deletion in monomorphemes like mist than in regular past tense forms like missed. We observe that there are, in principle, additional morphological distinctions that could be made within each category: for instance, the “regular past” category contains perfect and passive participles; the “monomorpheme” category typically contains compounds and suffixed forms. We demonstrate that several of these newly introduced distinctions actually have significant effects on CSD rates in a corpus of Philadelphia English. And we argue that these new distinctions are worth attending to because they have consequences for two existing accounts of the basic morphological effect. In each case, we show that the existing accounts do not straightforwardly capture the additional significant distinctions we identify, calling the explanatory power of those accounts into question.","PeriodicalId":46949,"journal":{"name":"Language Variation and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46784804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
LVC volume 33 issue 2 Cover and Front matter LVC第33卷第2期封面和封面
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0954394521000181
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引用次数: 0
Aspects of change in New York City English short-a 纽约市英语短句的变化
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0954394521000120
Bill Haddican, Michael Newman, C. Cutler, C. Tortora
{"title":"Aspects of change in New York City English short-a","authors":"Bill Haddican, Michael Newman, C. Cutler, C. Tortora","doi":"10.1017/S0954394521000120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394521000120","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article focuses on change in the “short-a system” of New York City English (NYCE). Recent results suggest that a complex set of tensing rules traditionally described for NYCE are being replaced by several simpler systems. This article reports on a study of this change using a recently developed large audio-aligned parsed speech corpus (CoNYCE). This change is similar to the simplification reported for Philadelphia by Labov et al. (2016). Unlike in the Philadelphia case, however, our results do not show evidence of a single abstract process of change. Our findings, rather, suggest at least two separate changes in the community—one affecting short-a in prenasal contexts and a second affecting pre-oral obstruent contexts. In addition, the results suggest an additional independent process of lowering and retraction affecting short-a sounds in contexts not targeted by the process of phonological reorganization, that is, “trap-backing.”","PeriodicalId":46949,"journal":{"name":"Language Variation and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45003761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Gender separation and the speech community: Rhoticity in early 20th century Southland New Zealand English 性别分离与语言社群:20世纪初新西兰南部英语的Rhoticity
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0954394521000090
D. Villarreal, L. Clark, J. Hay, Kevin Watson
{"title":"Gender separation and the speech community: Rhoticity in early 20th century Southland New Zealand English","authors":"D. Villarreal, L. Clark, J. Hay, Kevin Watson","doi":"10.1017/S0954394521000090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394521000090","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The existence of a shared constraint hierarchy is one of the criteria that defines and delimits speech communities. In particular, women and men are thought to differ only in their rates of variable usage, not in the constraints governing their variation; that is, women and men are typically considered to belong to the same speech community. We find that in early twentieth century Southland, New Zealand, women and men had different constraint hierarchies for rhoticity, with a community grammar of rhoticity only developing later. These results may be a product of a particular set of sociohistorical facts thatare not peculiar to Southland. We suggest that further research in other geographical locations may indeed reveal that men and women have different constraint hierarchies for other variables. Speech communities may thus be delimited along social lines in ways that have not been previously considered.","PeriodicalId":46949,"journal":{"name":"Language Variation and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0954394521000090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47032204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Do Creoles conform to typological patterns? Habitual marking in Palenquero 克里奥尔人符合类型学模式吗？帕伦基罗的习惯性标记
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-06-07 DOI: 10.1017/S0954394521000053
Hiram L. Smith
{"title":"Do Creoles conform to typological patterns? Habitual marking in Palenquero","authors":"Hiram L. Smith","doi":"10.1017/S0954394521000053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394521000053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is widely debated whether creole languages form a typological class; however, crosslinguistic generalizations from functional typology are seldom tested in creoles. Typological studies report a strong crosslinguistic tendency for asymmetries in habitual grammatical expressions across the present and past temporal reference domains (Bybee, 1994:245–8; Bybee, Perkins, & Pagliuca, 1994:151–60). This study analyzes two linguistic variants, preverbal asé and zero, which compete for habitual marking in Palenquero Creole (Colombia). I ask here: To what degree does the linguistic patterning of these forms conform to the crosslinguistic tendency? Results show that, despite Palenquero having widely cited creole features (e.g., preverbal markers and bare verb stems), the asymmetrical expression, distribution, and relative ordering of forms in the variable contexts closely align with crosslinguistic predictions for habituals, thus giving convincing evidence of typological markedness and not a Creole Prototype.","PeriodicalId":46949,"journal":{"name":"Language Variation and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0954394521000053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45865113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Perceptual validation of vowel normalization methods for variationist research 变分研究中元音归一化方法的感知验证
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0954394521000016
Santiago Barreda
{"title":"Perceptual validation of vowel normalization methods for variationist research","authors":"Santiago Barreda","doi":"10.1017/S0954394521000016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394521000016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The evaluation of normalization methods sometimes focuses on the maximization of vowel-space similarity. This focus can lead to the adoption of methods that erase legitimate phonetic variation from our data, that is, overnormalization. First, a production corpus is presented that highlights three types of variation in formant patterns: uniform scaling, nonuniform scaling, and centralization. Then the results of two perceptual experiments are presented, both suggesting that listeners tend to ignore variation according to uniform scaling, while associating nonuniform scaling and centralization with phonetic differences. Overall, results suggest that normalization methods that remove variation not according to uniform scaling can remove legitimate phonetic variation from vowel formant data. As a result, although these methods can provide more similar vowel spaces, they do so by erasing phonetic variation from vowel data that may be socially and linguistically meaningful, including a potential male-female difference in the low vowels in our corpus.","PeriodicalId":46949,"journal":{"name":"Language Variation and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0954394521000016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45021294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Obviously undergoing change: Adverbs of evidentiality across time and space 显然正在发生变化：跨越时间和空间的证据性广告
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0954394520000216
Sali A. Tagliamonte, Jennifer Smith
{"title":"Obviously undergoing change: Adverbs of evidentiality across time and space","authors":"Sali A. Tagliamonte, Jennifer Smith","doi":"10.1017/S0954394520000216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394520000216","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Increasingly globalized communication networks in the modern world may influence traditional patterns of linguistic change: in contrast to an orderly sequential pathway of change, more recently a number of “mega trends” have been identified, which accelerate simultaneously in time and space. The rise of obviously within the cohort of adverbs of evidentiality—naturally, evidently, clearly, and of course—may be one such trend. To examine this possibility, we conduct a large-scale sociolinguistic analysis of c12,000 adverbs of evidentiality across over thirty communities in the UK and Canada. The results reveal parallel development across time and space: obviously advances rapidly among individuals born in the 1960s in both countries. The rise of obviously illustrates key attributes that are beginning to emerge from other rapidly innovating features: “off the shelf” changes that (1) are easily borrowed, (2) receptive to global trends, but (3) exhibit parallel patterns as the change progresses.","PeriodicalId":46949,"journal":{"name":"Language Variation and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0954394520000216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49122597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
LVC volume 33 issue 1 Cover and Front matter LVC第33卷第1期封面和封面
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0954394521000132
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引用次数: 0
Vague eggs and tags: Prevelar merger in Seattle 模糊的鸡蛋和标签：西雅图的Preverar合并
IF 1 2区 文学
Language Variation and Change Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0954394521000028
Valerie Freeman
{"title":"Vague eggs and tags: Prevelar merger in Seattle","authors":"Valerie Freeman","doi":"10.1017/S0954394521000028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954394521000028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study describes prevelar merger, the raising of low-front /æ, ɛ/ and lowering of mid-front /e/ before the voiced velar /ɡ/, in Seattle, Washington. In the most advanced part of this change in progress, all twenty speakers (age 18–62, half men, half women, all white) produced /ɛɡ/ and /eɡ/ (beg, vague) as upgliding diphthongs merged in F1 and F2 directly between their nonprevelar counterparts (dress, face). /æɡ/ (bag) was also diphthongal, but its height varied between speakers, with middle-aged men showing near-complete three-way merger with beg-vague and younger speakers raising less, suggesting reversal or avoidance of this component. Previous work lacked information about vague and thus described bag- and beg-raising as failing to reach the height of nonprevelar face. This study revealed that vague is lowered, creating a merger target for both raised beg and bag within a separate diphthongal prevelar subsystem.","PeriodicalId":46949,"journal":{"name":"Language Variation and Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0954394521000028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45406086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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