Journal of Sexual Aggression最新文献_第10页

Judging the legality of sexually violent tactics: a comparison between prosecuting attorneys in the United States and Colombia 判断性暴力手段的合法性:美国和哥伦比亚检察官之间的比较

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1970833

Zoë D. Peterson, Monica Perez Trujillo, Ana L. Jaramillo-Sierra

{"title":"Judging the legality of sexually violent tactics: a comparison between prosecuting attorneys in the United States and Colombia","authors":"Zoë D. Peterson, Monica Perez Trujillo, Ana L. Jaramillo-Sierra","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1970833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1970833","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to study sexual violence internationally, it is helpful to understand similarities and differences in how sexual violence is conceptualised across countries. The current study examined prosecuting attorneys’ judgments about which sexual tactics legally qualify as sexual violence in two countries. Attorneys from the U.S. (n = 28) and Colombia (n = 24) evaluated whether 36 tactics would qualify as a sexual offense in their jurisdiction. Although Colombian and U.S. attorneys agreed on the legality of many tactics, Colombian attorneys judged more behaviours as criminal, on average, than U.S. attorneys. Within-country variations suggested that differences were due not only to different legal statutes, but also to different interpretations of laws. Open-ended responses illustrated sources of ambiguity, including lack of clarity about how much coercion is required and which behaviours indicate nonconsent. This suggests that vagueness within legal definitions may allow attorney judgements to be influenced by stereotypes and prejudices. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT This study illustrates the vagueness of legal definitions of sexual violence in two countries—the United States and Colombia. This vagueness provides prosecuting attorneys with substantial power to interpret the law, and in this study, some attorney judgements of legality seemed to be influenced by stereotypes. Greater training for law students and attorneys about the realities of sexual violence may be helpful in undermining belief in rape myths that may inhibit attorneys from prosecuting certain sexual violence cases.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"261 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45557619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Who is responsible for campus sexual assaults? News media use, attributions of responsibility, and college students’ perceived risk and willingness to engage in preventive behaviours 谁应对校园性侵负责？新闻媒体的使用、责任归属以及大学生感知的风险和参与预防行为的意愿

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-08-11 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1961887

Soobum Lee, Sei-Hill Kim, Jungmi Jun

{"title":"Who is responsible for campus sexual assaults? News media use, attributions of responsibility, and college students’ perceived risk and willingness to engage in preventive behaviours","authors":"Soobum Lee, Sei-Hill Kim, Jungmi Jun","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1961887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1961887","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using a survey of college students in the US, this study examines whether the way students attribute responsibility is associated with perceived risk of sexual assaults and willingness to engage in preventive behaviours. We then link news media use to attributions of responsibility to examine whether media use is related with risk perceptions and preventive behaviours through the mediation of attributions of responsibility. Attributing responsibility to victims was correlated with perceiving a lower risk, while finding colleges responsible was related with perceiving a greater risk. Such relationships were moderated by gender, suggesting that attributions of responsibility might have different effects between male and female students. Attributions of responsibility were also associated with helping victims and taking protective measures. Finally, news media use was positively correlated with blaming victims, while negatively associated with finding perpetrators responsible, and these attributions of responsibility mediated the link between media use and the outcome variables. PRACTICE IMPACT STATEMENT This article will assist educators and professionals in designing strategies for sexual assault prevention by explaining how attributing responsibility to victims, perpetrators, or colleges is related to college student's perceived risk and willingness to engage in preventive behaviours.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"244 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48526214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Group sexual offending in Spain: an exploratory study 西班牙的群体性犯罪:一项探索性研究

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1949499

Jesús de la Torre Laso, Juan Manuel Rodríguez, José Carlos Toro Pascua

引用次数: 1

Behind the weapon of war: sexual violence in wartime as a reflection of social attitudes towards women in peacetime 战争武器的背后:战时性暴力反映了和平时期社会对妇女的态度

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1949500

Alice Alexandre, Kitoka Moke Mutondo

{"title":"Behind the weapon of war: sexual violence in wartime as a reflection of social attitudes towards women in peacetime","authors":"Alice Alexandre, Kitoka Moke Mutondo","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1949500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1949500","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article looks at practices of sexual violence that were prevalent during the period before the conflict in 1996 in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and shows how they have contributed to war-related sexual violence. The findings are based on 30 semi-structured interviews with men and women who directly or indirectly witnessed sexual violence in South Kivu province prior to the 1996 war. The findings suggest that prior to its use as a weapon of war in armed conflicts, sexual violence was already embedded in gender norms that regard women as subordinate to men and in the traditional perception of masculinity. Although sexual violence may have been less prevalent before the war, it was nonetheless perpetrated as a tactic for coercing marriage, correcting and punishing women, and sexual gratification. This article argues that in addition to ending armed conflicts, anti-sexual violence interventions have to take into account the sociocultural factors underlying this phenomenon and promote gender equality and justice.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"149 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13552600.2021.1949500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59738805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

“I thought in order to get to God I had to win their approval”: a qualitative analysis of the experiences of Muslim victims abused by religious authority figures “我认为为了接近真主，我必须赢得他们的认可”:对穆斯林受害者被宗教权威人物虐待经历的定性分析

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1943023

R. Chowdhury, B. Winder, N. Blagden, Farooq Mulla

{"title":"“I thought in order to get to God I had to win their approval”: a qualitative analysis of the experiences of Muslim victims abused by religious authority figures","authors":"R. Chowdhury, B. Winder, N. Blagden, Farooq Mulla","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1943023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1943023","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The abuse of individuals by religious authority figures has generated considerable political, civic and media attention. To date, much of this focus has been on Catholic and Anglican priests, although instances in the Buddhist community have also emerged. This paper presents an analysis of the experiences of individuals (n = 6) who were victims of abuse by Imams (Muslim leaders) and/or Muslim faith teachers. Participants were interviewed and their accounts analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). This paper presents two superordinate themes that emerged from the rich data set: (i) Toxicity of silence and (ii) Barriers to the acknowledgement of abuse. Findings and implications of the research are discussed in relation to facilitating the reporting of abuse perpetrated by religious authority figures in the Muslim community. The authors argue that the difficulties for victims in reporting abuse have exacerbated the impact of the abuse, affecting their wellbeing and their relationships with their families and their faith.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"196 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13552600.2021.1943023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41714584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Victim vs. survivor: the effect of labels and consensual sexual behaviour on observers’ perceptions of sexual assault 受害者与幸存者:标签和双方同意的性行为对观察者对性侵犯认知的影响

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1936229

Aanchal Setia, Sieun An

{"title":"Victim vs. survivor: the effect of labels and consensual sexual behaviour on observers’ perceptions of sexual assault","authors":"Aanchal Setia, Sieun An","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1936229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1936229","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Labels guide our perceptions of ambiguous events (Eberhardt, J. L., Dasgupta, N., & Banaszynski, T. L. (2003). Believing is seeing: The effects of racial labels and implicit beliefs on face perception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(3), 360–370. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202250215). They influence the way people interpret others’ behaviours, attribute blame, and offer support in situations of sexual violence (Campbell, R. (2008). The psychological impact of rape victims. American Psychologist, 63(8), 702. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.63.8.702. In the present study we investigated the effect of labels and consensual sexual behaviour on observers’ perceptions of hypothetical situations of sexual assault. Further, we examined their effect on the perceived amount of social support offered to affected women. The relationship between labels and consensual sexual behaviour with sexual attitudes was also examined. Participants were 137 undergraduates (52 men and 85 women) from an Indian private university. Results showed that labels and consensual sexual behaviour have some effect on the perceived severity of the sexual assault, perceived responsibility of the women, and the amount of social support offered to them. The findings underscored the importance of labels and cautioned against their arbitrary use. Further implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"103 - 118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13552600.2021.1936229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47785184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is sex-offending treatment trauma-informed? Exploring perspectives of clinicians and clients 性侵犯治疗是创伤性的吗?探索临床医生和客户的观点

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-06-17 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1942572

Melissa D. Grady, J. Levenson, J. Glover, S. Kavanagh

{"title":"Is sex-offending treatment trauma-informed? Exploring perspectives of clinicians and clients","authors":"Melissa D. Grady, J. Levenson, J. Glover, S. Kavanagh","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1942572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1942572","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A growing body of literature indicates that individuals who commit sexual offences have significant histories of childhood trauma. Clinicians who provide sex-offending treatment (SOTX) are increasingly asked to integrate trauma-informed principles into their work with these clients. However, no research has been conducted exploring how SOTX clinicians are integrating either trauma-informed care (TIC) and/or trauma-focused treatments (TFTs) into their work with clients. This mixed-method study used two parallel surveys (one for SOTX clinicians (n = 66) and another for clients (n = 146)) to capture their perceptions regarding how trauma work is incorporated into SOTX. Independent samples t-tests indicated that on every item designed to measure TIC, clinicians rated themselves significantly higher than the clients rated clinicians. The results also indicated that clients perceive SOTX therapists to neglect the therapeutic value of understanding trauma histories. Some clients reported that they were discouraged from discussing childhood adversity in treatment. Implications for TIC SOTX practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"60 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13552600.2021.1942572","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45363184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Understanding child sex offending trajectories in South Africa: from victimisation to perpetration 了解南非儿童性犯罪的轨迹：从受害到实施

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-06-08 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1936230

L. Naidoo, M. Van Hout

{"title":"Understanding child sex offending trajectories in South Africa: from victimisation to perpetration","authors":"L. Naidoo, M. Van Hout","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1936230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1936230","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 Violence against women and children, particularly child sexual abuse (CSA) remains a critical public health, human rights, and humanitarian-related issue in South Africa. The research base is largely under-developed in South Africa, given the intense stigmatisation of CSA, low-disclosure rates and inherent barriers to accessing perpetrators for research purposes. An in-depth qualitative study was conducted with twelve males who had sexually abused children in a therapeutic, rehabilitation programme. Thematic analysis based on two years of recurrent interviews during the therapeutic intervention illustrates their experiences, histories and factors compounding their journeys as victims toward perpetration. We present four themes; Familial abuse and maltreatment; Powerlessness, fear and abandonment; Sexualised lives and sexual abuse experiences; and Powerlessness and lasting impact of exposure to and perpetration of CSA. Findings illustrate unique sex offending trajectories from victimisation to perpetration, particular to the South African context. We present broad and contextual recommendations for research, policy, restorative justice, and practice.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"119 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13552600.2021.1936230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46038332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A cost–benefit analysis of a treatment program for adult males who have offended sexually 性侵犯成年男性治疗方案的成本效益分析

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1934133

W. L. Marshall, L. Marshall

引用次数: 5

Empathy in paedophilia and sexual offending against children: a longitudinal extension 恋童癖和对儿童的性侵犯中的移情：纵向延伸

IF 1.4 4区社会学

Journal of Sexual Aggression Pub Date : 2021-06-02 DOI: 10.1080/13552600.2021.1931721

Miriam Schuler, S. Mohnke, T. Amelung, I. Dziobek, Viola Borchardt, H. Gerwinn, C. Kärgel, J. Kneer, C. Massau, A. Pohl, S. Weiß, Susann Pieper, C. Sinke, K. Beier, M. Walter, J. Ponseti, B. Schiffer, T. Kruger, H. Walter

{"title":"Empathy in paedophilia and sexual offending against children: a longitudinal extension","authors":"Miriam Schuler, S. Mohnke, T. Amelung, I. Dziobek, Viola Borchardt, H. Gerwinn, C. Kärgel, J. Kneer, C. Massau, A. Pohl, S. Weiß, Susann Pieper, C. Sinke, K. Beier, M. Walter, J. Ponseti, B. Schiffer, T. Kruger, H. Walter","doi":"10.1080/13552600.2021.1931721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13552600.2021.1931721","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Deficits in cognitive empathy (CE) have been associated with a child sexual offense (CSO) history in paedophilia. However, these results have been obtained in cross-sectional comparison. There are no longitudinal studies yet. We performed a longitudinal study with a 3-year interval and investigated CE and emotional empathy (EE) using the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) in paedophilic men with a CSO history (P + CSO), paedophilic men without a CSO history (P-CSO), and non-offending teleiophilic male controls (TC). Results were stable and confirmed cross-sectional data with evidence for higher CE as measured by the MET in P-CSO compared to P + CSO. Evidence for more distress in social situations as measured by the IRI was found in P-CSO compared to TC, only. Our results highlight the importance of addressing multiple aspects of empathy in paedophilia and CSO and support the inclusion of CE training in the prevention of CSO.","PeriodicalId":46758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sexual Aggression","volume":"28 1","pages":"178 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13552600.2021.1931721","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44677921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2