WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION最新文献

{"title":"A Sign-Based Analysis of <i>Must</i> , <i>May</i> and <i>Could</i>","authors":"Lauren Whitty","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2023.2269703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2023.2269703","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis paper analyzes the English forms must, may and could using a Columbia School framework. As with previous sign-based analyses of the modals, must, may and could are considered members of a grammatical system; this paper posits a grammatical system of Likelihood, whereby the meanings of must, may and could are relative to one another. These signs are first examined in a text from Malcolm Gladwell [2019. Talking to Strangers: What We Should Know About the People We Don’t Know. Boston, MA: Little, Brown] which provides rich context for meaning analysis, and later, the hypothesized meanings are tested in a large corpus, the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) [Davies, Mark. 2008. The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). https://www.english-corpora.org/coca/]. Through the testing of the observed occurrence patterns within COCA, must, may and could show a general pattern of usage which supports the proposed meaning hypotheses.Keywords: mustmaycouldmodal systemsign-basedcorpus-drivenmonosemy AcknowledgementsThe Columbia School Linguistic Society awarded a graduate research fellowship for research that led to this paper. Lauren is grateful to Wallis Reid and Nadav Sabar for their invaluable feedback which enhanced this manuscript and provided continuous learning opportunities for Lauren.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Merriam-Webster includes four explanations for “if” (“If,” Citation2020): “a : in the event that; b : allowing that; c : on the assumption that d : on condition that”.","PeriodicalId":46752,"journal":{"name":"WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language Mixing in an English-Medium University Context: Language Ideologies of Cross-border Mainland Chinese Students in Hong Kong","authors":"Chit Cheung Matthew Sung","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2023.2269700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2023.2269700","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThis paper reports on a study of cross-border mainland Chinese students’ ideologies with respect to language mixing in an English-medium university context in multilingual Hong Kong. The findings revealed that most participants held multiple and sometimes contradictory ideologies about language mixing in the university context, often wavering between different ideologies. While their monolingual ideologies privileged linguistic purism and characterized language mixing in deficit terms, their multilingual ideologies conceptualized language mixing as a relatively unmarked language practice, leading to positive evaluations of language mixing. The study also found that some participants moved beyond the dichotomy between monolingual and multilingual ideologies and espoused the ideology of sociolinguistic competence. With an emphasis on one’s ability to use language appropriately in context, the ideology of sociolinguistic competence prompted some participants to evaluate language mixing in terms of its social appropriateness in particular cultural contexts (Hong Kong versus mainland China) and/or particular communicative situations (in-class versus out-of-class situations). Overall, the findings suggest that the complex language ideologies held by the participants not only reflect their mixed attitudes towards multilingual language practices in the English-medium university context, but also reveal their concerns over academic studies, second language acquisition, cultural preservation, and communicative effectiveness.Keywords: Multilingualismlanguage mixingsociolinguistic competencelanguage ideologyHong Kong Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 Cantonese is one of the southern dialects in China and is a regional vernacular language which is not normally used in formal writing (Poon Citation2010). Cantonese and Putonghua are not mutually intelligible.2 Putonghua is the national language of China and is the spoken form of Modern Standard Chinese.Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee [grant number 23600416].","PeriodicalId":46752,"journal":{"name":"WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discipline-Specific Writing and Embedded Clauses: The Case of Cell Biology and Classics","authors":"Alvin Ping Leong","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2023.2270875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2023.2270875","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractResearch work on the grammatical features of academic writing has revealed that science writing relies more on phrases and nominalization, and humanities writing on clauses. Embedded clauses, however, occur at the rank of a word phrase, and the extent to which the two genres differ in their use of embedded clauses is not well understood. To address this gap, this study investigated the occurrence rates (per 1,000 words) of 10 categories of embedded clauses in a corpus of 40 research articles from cell biology and classics. The analysis relied on a modified form of the Hallidayan framework. The results reveal that classics articles use more embedded clauses, and biology articles, more ranking clauses. As embedding involves layering, this finding implies a more complex clausal structure in the case of classics articles. With only two exceptions, the rates of embedded clauses are higher in classics articles than in biology articles. The exceptions involve the greater use of –ed and –ing relative clauses in biology articles, particularly in the adjunct position. The higher rates of non-finite relatives in biology articles reflect the condensed nature of science writing. Further work involving text samples from more disciplines and interdisciplinary fields is recommended.Keywords: science writinghumanities writingembedded clausesgenre Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationNotes on contributorsAlvin Ping LeongAlvin Ping Leong lectures at the Language & Communication Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. He obtained his PhD degree from the National University of Singapore in 2001 under a research scholarship. His book publications include “Theme and rheme” (Peter Lang, 2004) and “Transforming literacies and language” (co-editor with Caroline Mei Lin Ho and Kate T. Anderson; Continuum, 2011). His research interests are in grammar, systemic-functional linguistics, and discourse analysis.","PeriodicalId":46752,"journal":{"name":"WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of Locomotion Events: Language-Specific Patterns in Child-Directed Speech","authors":"Anna Marklová, Elena Panfilova, Barbara Mertins","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2023.2269702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2023.2269702","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper explores how young children, depending on the provided input, acquire language-specific perspectives in the construal of goal-oriented locomotion events. We recorded parent–child interactions using drawings depicting such events. Czech monolingual pairs (n = 25), Russian monolingual pairs (n = 25), and Russian-German bilingual pairs (n = 22) were recruited for this study. Previous findings (Mertins 2018; Stutterheim et al. 2012) have demonstrated that Russian speakers conceptualize goal-oriented locomotion under the phasal perspective. Czech speakers, on the other hand, rely on the holistic perspective and are thus similar to German native speakers. In languages with a holistic perspective, speakers tend to focus on the endpoints of locomotion events. Therefore, we analyzed their prevalence in the parental language. The analyses revealed that Czech parents produced significantly more endpoints in the description of the critical stimuli than Russian and Russian-German parents. We argue that conceptual preferences and the verbalization of goal-oriented locomotion are input driven and acquired in early childhood.","PeriodicalId":46752,"journal":{"name":"WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135949253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple exponence","authors":"E. Vajda","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2018.1425187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2018.1425187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46752,"journal":{"name":"WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION","volume":"64 1","pages":"43 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00437956.2018.1425187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58963503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Writing systems","authors":"E. Vajda","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2017.1386893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2017.1386893","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46752,"journal":{"name":"WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION","volume":"63 1","pages":"275 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2017-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00437956.2017.1386893","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58963490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language, society and power","authors":"X. Yang","doi":"10.4324/9781315733524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315733524","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46752,"journal":{"name":"WORD-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINGUISTIC ASSOCIATION","volume":"53 1","pages":"296-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70438486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}