K. Ross, Shanika Galaudage, Tegan Clark, N. Lowson, Andrew Battisti, Helen Adam, A. Ross, Nici Sweaney
{"title":"Invisible women: Gender representation in high school science courses across Australia","authors":"K. Ross, Shanika Galaudage, Tegan Clark, N. Lowson, Andrew Battisti, Helen Adam, A. Ross, Nici Sweaney","doi":"10.1177/00049441231197245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00049441231197245","url":null,"abstract":"The visibility of female role models in science is vital for engaging and retaining women in scientific fields. In this study, we analyse four senior secondary science courses delivered across the states and territories in Australia: Biology, Chemistry, Environmental Science, and Physics. We compared male and female representation within the science courses by examining the mentions of male and female scientists along with the context of their inclusions in the syllabuses. We find a clear gender bias with only one unique mention of a female scientist. We also find a clear Eurocentric focus and narrow representation of scientists. This bias will contribute to the continuing low engagement of women in scientific fields. We outline possible solutions to address this issue, including the accreditation of scientific discoveries to include female scientists and explicit discussion of structural barriers preventing the participation and progression of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM)..","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41850162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relations between early childhood educators’ qualifications and experience and their beliefs about mathematics education for babies and toddlers","authors":"A. MacDonald, James Deehan, P. Lee","doi":"10.1177/00049441231193776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00049441231193776","url":null,"abstract":"Cognition research has demonstrated that babies, from birth, can detect numerical correspondences and abstract properties of objects and events. However, this limited existing research is often distant from educational practice, and thus, this information may be inaccessible to early childhood educators; most of whom hold pre-Bachelor level qualifications. This quantitative study reports on a survey of 466 Australian early childhood educators to examine what relationships may exist between educators’ qualifications and experience in the profession, and their beliefs about mathematics education for babies and toddlers. Findings show that although most educators have strong, positive beliefs about mathematics education for very young children, there are significant differences in beliefs about when mathematical ideas develop in children found between educators without Bachelor level qualifications and those with Bachelor and post-graduate qualifications. Our findings lend support to Australia’s sustained quality improvement agenda for the early childhood educator sector and point to the benefits of Bachelor level teaching qualifications for establishing strong foundations in mathematics education.","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48698519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"University Students' Motivation and Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Roles of Lockdown, Isolation, and Remote and Hybrid Learning.","authors":"Andrew J Martin","doi":"10.1177/00049441231179791","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00049441231179791","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This investigation comprised two studies that sought to identify the role of COVID-related disruptions in Australian university students' academic motivation and engagement. Study 1 involved a dataset of 500 university students and examined the links between COVID-19 pandemic disruptions (remote and hybrid learning modes, lockdown, isolation) and students' adaptive (e.g., planning and monitoring) and maladaptive (e.g., disengagement) dimensions of the Motivation and Engagement Scale (MES). Study 2 compared the mean motivation and engagement of Study 1 participants with mean levels from four published pre-COVID-19 Australian studies (<i>N</i> = 55, <i>N</i> = 233, <i>N</i> = 420, <i>N</i> = 941 university students) that also used the MES. Study 1 showed that lockdown and isolation (and not remote/hybrid learning) were associated with problematic motivation and engagement-with lockdown and isolation effects particularly noteworthy for maladaptive motivation and engagement. Study 2 showed that relative to the four pre-COVID-19 samples, the COVID-19 pandemic sample experienced difficulties with motivation and engagement, and again particularly so on maladaptive dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"67 1","pages":"163-180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10240303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43887213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Worry About COVID-19 and Other Extreme Events Amongst Educators in Australia.","authors":"Tamara Van Der Zant, Katherine L Dix","doi":"10.1177/00049441231168447","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00049441231168447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The significant disruption of COVID-19 on schooling has heightened concerns about its impact on educators' wellbeing. The current study examined how educators' worry regarding the COVID-19 pandemic compared to their worry about other extreme events, such as natural disasters and critical incidents (a death or suicide of a child, young person, or colleague). Educators report that they were most worried about COVID-19. Educators working in preschools were more worried about COVID-19 and natural disasters than those in primary and secondary schools. However, worry regarding critical incidents increased with the age of students taught. Worry was influenced by socio-economic advantage (SEIFA), whereby educators working in higher SEIFA communities were less worried about natural disasters and critical incidents but shared similar levels of worry about COVID-19 as educators in lower SEIFA communities. With a better understanding about how different types of worry and levels of worry vary across different educator groups and different contexts, more effective supports can be developed and offered.</p>","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"67 1","pages":"143-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10133864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49405172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teachers' Experiences of Emergency Remote Schooling During the Pandemic: Drivers for Student and Teacher Wellbeing.","authors":"Paul F Burke, Sandy Schuck, Matthew Kearney","doi":"10.1177/00049441231159666","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00049441231159666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article discusses findings from a recent survey (<i>n</i> = 297) of teachers' views of both their own and their students' experiences during the 2021 enforced emergency remote schooling period occurring in New South Wales Australia, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The quantitative analysis reported here explores teachers' views regarding teaching and learning during this challenging period. It identifies three latent constructs, learning, assessment, and interaction, and then uses structural equation modelling to identify the perceived impact of these constructs on student and teacher wellbeing. The remote schooling period had a significant negative impact for teachers and their students across a range of elements of teaching and learning, as well as wellbeing. Student learning experiences and their peer interactions were found to be strong predictors of students' wellbeing outcomes. Assessment design and teachers' feedback to students were significant in predicting levels of teacher wellbeing. Future research directions are also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"67 1","pages":"124-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10113903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47114000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anticipating Controversy: What’s the Problem Represented to Be in Australian Policies for the Selection of Learning Resources?","authors":"R. Cairns","doi":"10.1177/00049441231182452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00049441231182452","url":null,"abstract":"Teachers’ decision-making about resource selection is made more complex when resources are appraised for their potential to raise controversial issues or cause offence to others within school communities. Debates around the use of trigger warnings, freedom of speech and the impact of exclusionary practices further complicate these processes. In this article, Bacchi’s (Bacchi, 2012; Bacchi & Goodwin, 2016) What’s the problem represented to be? (WPR) approach is applied to the critical policy analysis of five Australian policy texts that deal with resource selection and controversial issues in schools. By comparing the ways these policies represent certain kinds of ‘problems’, it highlights the tendency of government departments to problematise this as a process that must be managed for the purpose of mitigating contestation. An examination of dominant and alternative policy constructions also prompts reflection on the discursive effects of policy and why resource selection should be re-problematised as a pedagogical opportunity and inclusionary practice.","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"67 1","pages":"196 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46100585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Ginns, Andrew J. Martin, Kelly Freebody, Michael Anderson, Peter O’Connor
{"title":"Creative Self-Beliefs Among Children and Adolescents","authors":"Paul Ginns, Andrew J. Martin, Kelly Freebody, Michael Anderson, Peter O’Connor","doi":"10.1177/00049441231177097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00049441231177097","url":null,"abstract":"Young people’s confidence in their creative abilities, as well as their beliefs about whether these abilities are fixed or malleable, play potentially important roles in educators’ efforts to foster creativity. This study explores a multidimensional model of young people’s creative self-beliefs that comprises creative self-efficacy, growth-creative mindsets, and fixed-creative mindsets. It operationalizes and tests this model via a new three-factor instrument appropriate for young samples. Drawing on data from 2980 children and adolescents (mean age 12–13 years), confirmatory factor analysis established the construct validity of the scales, and hence, the multidimensional concepts underpinning creative self-beliefs. All measures evinced suitable levels of reliability, and invariance analysis supported configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender, language background, and school type. Findings supported the convergent and divergent validity of scales against Big Five (openness and conscientiousness) personality measures. Implications of this three-factor creative self-beliefs model for researchers, educational practitioners, and youth are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"67 1","pages":"181 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42786214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying the Rasch Growth Model for the Evaluation of Achievement Trajectories","authors":"Leigh Cameron Patterson","doi":"10.1177/00049441231165300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00049441231165300","url":null,"abstract":"Considerable interest lies in the growth in educational achievement that occurs over the course of a child’s schooling. This paper demonstrates a simple but effective approach for the comparison of growth rates, drawing on a method first proposed some 80 years ago and applying it to data from the Australian National Assessment Program. The methodology involves the derivation of a ‘meta-metre’ – a quantitative mode of variation in growth – which permits comparison between groups defined by time-invariant characteristics. Emphasis is placed upon the novel characteristics of the method and the valuable information it can provide. Unlike complex modelling procedures, the approach provides a parsimonious model of growth suited to comparisons between groups.","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"67 1","pages":"209 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45060876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa F Paris, Geoffrey M Lowe, Christina Gray, Angela Perry, Lara Warwick
{"title":"Teaching the Arts in testing times: A Western Australian perspective on COVID impacts.","authors":"Lisa F Paris, Geoffrey M Lowe, Christina Gray, Angela Perry, Lara Warwick","doi":"10.1177/00049441221137074","DOIUrl":"10.1177/00049441221137074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expert secondary Arts teachers are highly trained specialists well versed in face-to-face individual and group teaching pedagogies. Given the highly personalised nature of Arts teaching practice, the shift to online teaching resulting from COVID-19 lockdowns presented many with challenges for which they had little or no formal training. Many teachers felt stressed, isolated and unsure about where to turn for help. As there are demonstrated links between stress and attrition, it is important to reflect upon the experiences of these teachers with the aim of developing future mitigation strategies. The research reported here synthesises the online teaching experiences of 15 expert Arts specialists in Western Australia and revealed that being a digital native was not in itself sufficient to ameliorate online teaching challenges. Rather, the study found that teachers with deep pedagogical practice knowledge and a reflexive/flexible approach fared better than those with high levels of technology familiarity. The importance of collegiality and mentoring in an online setting, along with a reappraisal of teaching priorities emerged as key findings and serve as a timely reminder of the importance of collaboration, especially in testing times.</p>","PeriodicalId":46741,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Education","volume":"67 1","pages":"46-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9729720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48021255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}