Race and Social Problems最新文献_第10页

Lived Experiences of Racism Among Child Welfare-Involved Parents 参与儿童福利的父母的种族主义生活经历

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-02-05 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09316-5

D. Merritt

引用次数: 29

The Criminalization of Young Children and Overrepresentation of Black Youth in the Juvenile Justice System 少年儿童的犯罪化和黑人青年在少年司法系统中的比例过高

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09314-7

Laura S. Abrams, M. Mizel, E. Barnert

引用次数: 19

The Interaction of Race and Place: Predictors of Fatal Police Shootings of Black Victims at the Incident, Census Tract, City, and State Levels, 2013–2018 种族和地点的互动：2013-2018年人口普查区、城市和州一级警察枪杀黑人受害者致死事件的预测因素

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-01-13 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-020-09307-y

Michael Siegel, M. Poulson, Rahul Sangar, J. Jay

引用次数: 2

The Efficacy of Cash Supports for Children by Race and Family Size: Understanding Disparities and Opportunities for Equity. 不同种族和家庭规模对儿童现金支持的效果:理解差异和公平的机会。

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09315-6

Megan A Curran

{"title":"The Efficacy of Cash Supports for Children by Race and Family Size: Understanding Disparities and Opportunities for Equity.","authors":"Megan A Curran","doi":"10.1007/s12552-021-09315-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12552-021-09315-6","url":null,"abstract":"More than one-third of US children live in families with three or more children. The contemporary impact of larger family size on children's family resources remains an under-explored point of inequity. Larger family size is not only more common among Black and Hispanic children, but Black and Hispanic children in larger families (Black children, especially so) face higher poverty risks relative to White children in larger families. This analysis uses children's number of siblings and children's race and ethnicity to chart the intersectional aspects of disparity in the risk and incidence of poverty and the anti-poverty effects of large federal cash supports, the Earned Income Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit. It draws upon 2014-2017 Current Population Survey data and the NBER TAXSIM calculator to apply 2018 tax law, inclusive of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. It reveals well-documented disparities in poverty rates and benefit access and receipt experienced by children of color are further exacerbated by policy structures that discriminate against an under-acknowledged aspect of children's family life: their family size. Racial bias in policy design that sees tax credit access mechanisms and earnings and benefit structures disproportionately exclude that Black and Hispanic children also disproportionately exclude Black and Hispanic children by their family size. Without reforms that tackle both inequities, policy action that closes the poverty gap between larger and smaller families will see the racial gap in child poverty remain.","PeriodicalId":46715,"journal":{"name":"Race and Social Problems","volume":"13 1","pages":"34-48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12552-021-09315-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25368840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Reflections on African Americans in Baseball: No Longer the Vanguard of Change. 对非裔美国人在棒球中的反思:不再是变革的先锋。

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09333-4

Rob Ruck

引用次数: 1

That Which is Essential has been Made Invisible: The Need to Bring a Structural Risk Perspective to Reduce Racial Disproportionality in Child Welfare. 重要的东西被忽视了：需要从结构性风险的角度减少儿童福利中的种族比例失调。

IF 2.8 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09313-8

Megan Feely, Emily Adlin Bosk

{"title":"That Which is Essential has been Made Invisible: The Need to Bring a Structural Risk Perspective to Reduce Racial Disproportionality in Child Welfare.","authors":"Megan Feely, Emily Adlin Bosk","doi":"10.1007/s12552-021-09313-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12552-021-09313-8","url":null,"abstract":"The racial and ethnic disproportionality and disparity in the child protective system (CPS) has been a concern for decades. Structural factors strongly influence engagement with the child welfare system and families experiencing poverty or financial hardship are at a heightened risk. The economic factors influencing child welfare involvement are further complicated by structural racism which has resulted in a greater prevalence of poverty and financial hardship for families who are Black, Native American or Alaska Native (Indigenous), or and Latino/Hispanic (Latino) and their communities. The multiple decision points within CPS are an opportunity to reify or correct for bias in child welfare outcomes. One major effort to eliminate racial disparities and disproportionalities has been to enact standardized decision-making procedures that aim to control for implicit or explicit bias in CPS. The Structured Decision-Making Model's (SDM) actuarial-based risk assessment (RA) is the gold-standard of these efforts. In this conceptual article, we ask (1) How are structural factors accounted for in assessment of risk within CPS? and (2) What are the consequences when structural factors are left out of risk assessments procedures? We posit that the exclusion of race, ethnicity, and economic factors from the RA has inflated the importance of variables that become proxies for these factors, resulting in inaccurate assessments of risk. The construction of this tool reflects how structural racism has been overlooked as an important cause of disproportionality in CPS, with interventions then focused on individual workers and cases, rather than the system at large. We suggest a new framework for thinking about risk, the structural risk perspective, and call for a revisioning of assessment of risk within child welfare that acknowledges the social determinants of CPS involvement.","PeriodicalId":46715,"journal":{"name":"Race and Social Problems","volume":"13 1","pages":"49-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7897362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25414801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experiences of Hispanic Families with Social Services in the Racially Segregated Southeast: Views from Administrators and Workers in North Carolina. 东南部种族隔离地区西班牙裔家庭的社会服务经验：北卡罗来纳州管理者和工作者的观点。

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-19 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09318-3

Carolyn Y Barnes, Lisa A Gennetian

{"title":"Experiences of Hispanic Families with Social Services in the Racially Segregated Southeast: Views from Administrators and Workers in North Carolina.","authors":"Carolyn Y Barnes, Lisa A Gennetian","doi":"10.1007/s12552-021-09318-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12552-021-09318-3","url":null,"abstract":"North Carolina-as a state in the racially segregated Southeast-offers a unique context to understand access to social services for Hispanic families and children. Theories of administrative burden posit that Hispanic families likely face high learning, compliance, and psychological costs. Hispanic families face challenges that compound these costs: limited English language and literacy proficiency, complex household composition, and citizenship status of family members and other household members. With new survey results and qualitative data on social service administrators and front-line workers, we examine how these costs may affect access to programs for Hispanic families who reside in a state with a history of racial divisions that have shaped local policy implementation. Some workers noted transportation barriers and complex application processes as limiting access. While we expected to find that Hispanic families may be disadvantaged by decentralized service delivery in a manner that is similar to the experiences of African American families, workers instead note significant resources that help facilitate Hispanic families' access to programs. Workers view national anti-immigrant policies and rhetoric, rather than state and local policy rules or resource constraints, as limiting their capacity to serve Hispanic families.","PeriodicalId":46715,"journal":{"name":"Race and Social Problems","volume":"13 1","pages":"6-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7893374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25398794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What the COVID-19 Pandemic Reveals about Racial Differences in Child Welfare and Child Well-Being: An Introduction to the Special Issue. COVID-19大流行对儿童福利和儿童福祉中种族差异的启示：特刊简介。

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09319-2

Zachary Parolin

{"title":"What the COVID-19 Pandemic Reveals about Racial Differences in Child Welfare and Child Well-Being: An Introduction to the Special Issue.","authors":"Zachary Parolin","doi":"10.1007/s12552-021-09319-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12552-021-09319-2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the special issue on race, child welfare, and child well-being. In doing so, I summarize the evidence of racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent findings demonstrate that, compared to white children, black and Latino children are more likely to have experienced poverty and food insufficiency, to have had parents lose their jobs, and to be exposed to distance learning and school closures during the pandemic. I argue that though COVID-19 has indeed worsened racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being, it has also served to place a spotlight on the American welfare state's historical mistreatment of low-income families and black and Latino families in particular. Consider that around three-fourths of black and Latino children facing food insufficiency during the pandemic also experienced food insufficiency prior to the onset of the pandemic. Moving forward, analyses of racial/ethnic disparities in child well-being during the pandemic, I argue, must not only consider the economic shock and high unemployment rates of 2020, but the failure of the American welfare state to adequately support jobless parents, and black and Latino parents in particular, long before the COVID-19 pandemic arrived.","PeriodicalId":46715,"journal":{"name":"Race and Social Problems","volume":"13 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7868658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25368839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Racial Disparities and COVID-19: Exploring the Relationship Between Race/Ethnicity, Personal Factors, Health Access/Affordability, and Conditions Associated with an Increased Severity of COVID-19. 种族差异与 COVID-19：探索种族/族裔、个人因素、健康可及性/可负担性与 COVID-19 严重程度增加相关条件之间的关系。

IF 2.8 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-021-09320-9

Shondra Loggins Clay, Markisha J Woodson, Kathryn Mazurek, Beverly Antonio

{"title":"Racial Disparities and COVID-19: Exploring the Relationship Between Race/Ethnicity, Personal Factors, Health Access/Affordability, and Conditions Associated with an Increased Severity of COVID-19.","authors":"Shondra Loggins Clay, Markisha J Woodson, Kathryn Mazurek, Beverly Antonio","doi":"10.1007/s12552-021-09320-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12552-021-09320-9","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 was recognized as a pandemic in the United States in March 2020. Since the emergence, research has explored conditions associated with the illness; however, racial disparities remain underexplored. The purpose of this paper is to explore disparities in conditions associated with an increased severity risk of COVID-19 including race, personal factors, healthcare accessibility, and affordability. Using data from the 2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. More Non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks (61.1%) and NH Whites (61.2%) had conditions associated with increased severity risk of COVID-19 compared to Hispanics (47.1%) (p < .001). Racial differences revealed a higher proportion of NH Blacks with increased severity risk of COVID-19 were female (p < .001), not married (p < .001), not employed for wages (p < .001), had accessibility issues with transportation (p < .001), and had affordability issues with paying for medicine (p < .001). A higher proportion of Hispanic persons had a health place change (p = .020), had accessibility issues (e.g. telephone (p < .001), longer wait times (p < .001), closed facility (p = .038)) and had affordability issue with worrying about pay (p < .001). Significant predictors that were positively associated with increased severity risk of COVID-19 for all racial/ethnic groups were being NH Black, older age, having appointment issues, and affordability issues with medicine. Differences in magnitude across racial group dynamics were observed. Racial disparities exist in conditions associated with increased severity risk of COVID-19. As future policies and interventions are developed, it is important to consider differentials across racial group dynamics.","PeriodicalId":46715,"journal":{"name":"Race and Social Problems","volume":"13 4","pages":"279-291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7880209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25390433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Ideation and Attempt According to Prisoners’ Race/Ethnicity: An Exploratory Analysis 囚犯种族/民族自杀意念和企图的患病率及其相关因素:一项探索性分析

IF 3.1 2区社会学

Race and Social Problems Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-020-09310-3

Bryce E. Stoliker, Phillip M. Galli

引用次数: 4