{"title":"The gender wage gap in the Canadian pharmacy workforce in the wake of COVID-19.","authors":"Samuel Nemeroff, Neeru Gupta, Pablo Miah","doi":"10.1177/17151635251329427","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17151635251329427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding gender disparities in the way women pharmacists experience their careers is essential for robust workforce planning, as the profession has undergone substantial feminization in recent decades. This study aimed to quantify gender-related wage gaps in the Canadian pharmacy workforce as a tracer for progress toward gender equity in the wake of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A national observational study was conducted using gender-disaggregated data among pharmacists from the 2021 population census and integrated income tax records capturing annual professional earnings in 2019 and (pandemic-affected) 2020. Descriptive and multivariate decomposition analyses were used to characterize earnings differentials, with adjustment for several professional, personal, and geographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly two-thirds (63%) of pharmacists aged 25 to 54 were women. Despite similar levels of education, women's earnings averaged 88 cents for every dollar earned by men. A significant gender wage gap was found, with women earning 9.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.8%-13.8%) less than men on average in 2020 after adjustment for other confounders. Much of the gap was explained by the measured predictors, including gendered earnings differentials observed the previous year, but a significant residual (34% of the gap) remained unexplained in the decomposition analysis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This first nationally representative investigation of wage differentials among Canadian pharmacists found evidence of a persistent gender-related wage gap, one that was only marginally affected by labour disruptions brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic and which was largely unexplained-an outcome commonly attributed, at least in part, to gender bias and discrimination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Concerted efforts are needed among multiple stakeholders for achieving women's full economic inclusion in the pharmacy profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"219-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12031737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Medication therapy problems detected at community pharmacy INR checks\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/17151635251338112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17151635251338112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/17151635241291854.].</p>","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"17151635251338112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12012484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Patients' views and experiences of the first community pharmacy-based medication therapy management clinic in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA): A qualitative study\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/17151635251338103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17151635251338103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/17151635241300707.].</p>","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"17151635251338103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12012483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Prescription for change: Unveiling burnout perspectives among pharmacy leaders\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/17151635251338114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17151635251338114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/17151635241293785.].</p>","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"17151635251338114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12012497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"It's not you, it's the government; Or, PrEPping pharmacists on supporting sexual health in underserved populations.","authors":"Joseph Lam","doi":"10.1177/17151635251326609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17151635251326609","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":"158 3","pages":"133-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985472/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Deaf, deaf-blind and hard of hearing needs and perceptions of community pharmacy services\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/17151635251333881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/17151635251333881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/17151635241291863.].</p>","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"17151635251333881"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interprofessional collaboration in pharmacist-led primary care clinics.","authors":"Kerry Wilbur, Debbie Kelly, Derek Jorgenson","doi":"10.1177/17151635241312423","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17151635241312423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pharmacists are essential to team-based care, contributing knowledge and expertise that positively impact patient care. However, it is less clear how interprofessional collaboration is enacted by pharmacists in single-disciplinary outpatient practice environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited pharmacists from 3 university-affiliated, pharmacist-led primary care clinics in Canada. Employing a social network analysis approach, the data collection encounter explored the nature and composition of collaboration in patient care. We conducted semistructured interviews, including participant drawings (sociograms), to illustrate their network experiences caring for specific patients. Transcripts from the data collection encounters were systematically coded and analyzed in an iterative process. Initial codes were generated inductively and broader categories refined through constant comparison and finalized by author discussion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven (78%) pharmacists were interviewed and drew 28 sociograms. Pharmacist networks encompassed a wide array of health professionals and patient family members. Despite the physical distribution of interprofessional members, pharmacists formed and maintained relationships to support patient care through conscientious communication and medication management decision-making. Network relationships and system factors influenced collaboration and patient care, often resulting in practice paralysis and/or the need to re-emphasize patient self-advocacy.</p><p><strong>Interpretation and conclusion: </strong>Our findings underscore the dynamic nature of pharmacist networks and how they are navigated to support pharmacist-led medication management. Primary care pharmacists attempt to overcome encountered barriers to implementing patient care plans through various strategies, including leveraging new and existing network relationships. System obstacles impeding effective and efficient patient care could in part be overcome through pharmacist scope of practice expansion.</p>","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"172-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development and evaluation of an educational module and workshop for pharmacists managing suicidal ideation.","authors":"Shelby McGraw, Amy Jradi, Robert T Pammett","doi":"10.1177/17151635251317443","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17151635251317443","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"135-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick Timony, Arielle Leone, Carolanne Caron, Pierre Giguère, Pierre Thabet, Alain Gauthier, Nancy M Waite, Christine Landry
{"title":"Reporting on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of pharmacists regarding the active offer of French language health services in Ontario: A quantitative survey study.","authors":"Patrick Timony, Arielle Leone, Carolanne Caron, Pierre Giguère, Pierre Thabet, Alain Gauthier, Nancy M Waite, Christine Landry","doi":"10.1177/17151635241308874","DOIUrl":"10.1177/17151635241308874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient-provider language discordances can negatively affect the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality (AAAQ) of pharmacy services as described by the AAAQ framework. With nearly 600,000 residents of Ontario identifying French as their mother tongue, the active offer (AO) of French language pharmacy services should be provided, yet little is known about pharmacists' familiarity and use of AO.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ontario pharmacists completed an online survey measuring their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours (KAB) regarding the AO for French language services (FLS). Demographics, including ability to converse in French, were collected. KAB AO scores were calculated and compared using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 360 pharmacists completed the survey. The majority (65.1%) practiced in a primary care setting, 21.1% spoke French, and 71.8% lived in an area where less than 10% of the population were Francophone. Overall, AO scores were highest for attitude (3.8/5) and lowest for behaviours (2/5) and knowledge (1.8/5). Most pharmacists (62.8%) indicated an interest in AO training.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Gaps in KAB regarding AO for FLS by Ontario pharmacists resemble those observed throughout the health care system. Further training is suggested to address the lack of knowledge regarding AO, particularly its proactive nature, as well as strategies for its implementation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although most participating pharmacists demonstrated gaps in AO knowledge and behaviour, many had favourable attitudes toward the importance of AO in the pharmacy setting and agreed that further training would be needed to improve their KAB. Further, the AO can address all 4 elements of the AAAQ framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":46612,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Pharmacists Journal","volume":" ","pages":"161-171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}