{"title":"Review Article: Nordic Exceptions in War and Cold War","authors":"T. Munch-Petersen","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640885","url":null,"abstract":"PHILIP GILTNER. ‘In the Friendliest Manner’: German-Danish Economic Cooperation during the Nazi Occupation of 1940–1949. New York: Peter Lang, 1998. Pp. xii, 258. $49.95 (US); T. MICHAEL RUDDY, ed. Charting an Independent Course: Finland's Place in the Cold War and in US Foreign Policy. Claremont: Regina Books, 1998. Pp. 223. $32.95 (US), cloth; $14.95 (US), paper; MAX JAKOBSON. Finland in the New Europe. Westport: Praeger, 1998. Pp. xiv, 176. $19.95 (US), paper; TEIJA TIILIKAINEN. Europe and Finland: Defining the Political Identity of Finland in Western Europe. Aldershot and Brookfield: Ashgate, 1998. Pp. 185. $68.95 (US). Reviewed by Thomas Munch-Petersen","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640885","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59987057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review Article: Migration in Germany","authors":"D. Hoerder","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640886","url":null,"abstract":"MATHIAS BEER, MARTIN KINTZINGER, and MARITA KRAUSS, eds. Migration und Integration: Aufnahme und Eingliederung im historischen Wandel. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1997. Pp. 167. DM 64.00; ANDREAS GESTRICH and MARITA KRAUSS, eds. Migration und Grenze. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1998. Pp. 166. DM 68.00; STEVE HOCHSTADT. Mobility and Modernity: Migration in Germany, 1820–1989. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1999. Pp. xx, 331. $52.50 (US); JAMES H.JACKSON, JR. Migration and Urbanization in the Ruhr Valley, 1821-1914. Atlantic Highlands: Humanities Press, 1997. Pp. xix, 452. $85.00 (US); KLAUS J. BADE and MYRON WEINER, eds. Migration Past, Migration Future: Germany and the United States. Providence: Berghahn, 1997. Pp. xvii, 158. $29.95 (US); RAINER MUNZ and MYRON WEINER, eds. Migrants, Refugees, and Foreign Policy: US and German Policies toward Countries of Origin. Providence: Berghahn, 1997. Pp. xvi, 368. $59.95 (US); KAY HAILBRONNER, DAVID A. MARTIN, and HIROSHI MOTOMURA, eds. Immigrati...","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640886","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59987145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Peace of Westphalia of 1648 and the Origins of Sovereignty","authors":"Derek Croxton","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640869","url":null,"abstract":"(1999). The Peace of Westphalia of 1648 and the Origins of Sovereignty. The International History Review: Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 569-591.","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640869","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59986042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"For Democracy, Not Hypocrisy: World War and Race Relations in the United States, 1914–1919","authors":"J. Rosenberg","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640870","url":null,"abstract":"the morning of 4 December 1918, thousands gathered on the Manhattan waterfront to watch the president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, set sail for France and the peace conference at Paris. Five destroyers escorted Wilson's ship, the George Washington, out of the harbour to the open sea. Standing on the ship's bridge, the president waved and tipped his hat in response to the tribute paid by the adoring crowd. Aboard the ship were scores of advisers who, with Wilson, hoped to transform the practice of international relations and improve the lives of people everywhere. With the First World War over, the mood was festive and expectant. The United States was triumphant and its president was off to Europe to reconstruct the world. Little more than four months after Woodrow Wilson sailed for Europe, in April 1919, William Monroe Trotter followed him. Trotter was already a legend among AfricanAmericans, owing to actions as a race reformer which included highly publicized confrontations with Booker T. Washington and Wilson himself.1 Chairman of the National Equal Rights League, a black-run civil rights organization, and editor of the Boston Guardian, Trotter believed the peace conference, with its talk of democracy and selfdetermination, would provide a stage from which to tell the world about the plight of blacks in the United States. When the state department refused Trotter a passport, he obtained in disguise a seaman's passport and took a job on a freighter bound for Le Havre, where he jumped ship. In Paris, for several weeks he bombarded the French and foreign press, and delegates to the conference including Wilson and his aide Colonel Edward House with letters and memoranda","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640870","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59986156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alignment by Coincidence: Israel, the United States, and the Partition of Jerusalem, 1949–1953","authors":"Peter L. Hahn","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640872","url":null,"abstract":"city of Jerusalem evokes powerful feelings and provokes stormy political debate. For Jews, the capital of ancient Israel remained a religious and cultural beacon for centuries and, after the state of Israel was created in 1948, control of the city became one of its most important goals. 'Paratroopers! Conquerors of Jerusalem!', Lieutenant General Mordechai Gur addressed victorious Israeli soldiers on the","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59985933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bombing by the Square Yard: Sir Arthur Harris at War, 1942–1945","authors":"T. Biddle","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640871","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640871","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59986264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review Article: Hirohito and His Army","authors":"Michael A. Barnhart","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640874","url":null,"abstract":"STEPHEN S. LARGE. Emperor Hirohito and Shāwa Japan: A Political Biography. London and New York: Roudedge, 1997. Pp. xii, 249. $18.95 (US); paper; PETER WETZLER. Hirohito and War: Imperial Tradition and Military Decision Making in Prewar Japan. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1998. Pp. xi, 294. $38.00 (US); EDWARD J. DREA. In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. Pp. xvii, 299. $45.00 (US); ROBERT B. EDGERTON. Warriors of the Rising Sun: A History of the Japanese Military. New York: W. W. Norton, 1997. Pp. 384. $29.95 (US). Reviewed by Michael A. Barnhart","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640874","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59986142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constitutionalism Abroad and At Home: The United States Senate and the Alliance for Progress, 1961–1967","authors":"R. Johnson","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640865","url":null,"abstract":"assistant secretary of state for interAmerican affairs in John F. Kennedy's administration, Edwin Martin, testified on 3 October 1963 before a closed session of the senate's Foreign Relations Committee to defend the administration's handling of a military coup in the Dominican Republic. While the administration privately conceded the coup to be a grave setback, committee Republicans generally supported the restrained welcome given to the military regime which had replaced Juan Bosch's democratically elected government, whereas most committee Democrats were sharply critical. Wayne Morse (D-Oregon) attributed the disagreement to Kennedy's failure elsewhere in the Americas to promote 'constitutionalism' with enough vigour.1 Morse's testiness was more remarkable given that, three years earlier, both the executive and legislative branches had thought generous economic aid combined with rhetorical support for democracy the best way to wage the cold war in Latin America. But they soon parted company. Support for the Alliance for Progress waned not only because the administration rarely achieved its stated goals in Latin America; it also fell victim to ideological differences between the president and various senate factions which coloured other disputes over how much freedom of action the executive branch should be allowed in its conduct of foreign affairs. In this sense, the fate of the Alliance illustrates not only the difficulty of promoting democracy during the cold war, but also how differently the executive and legislative branches approach foreign affairs. Latin America provides some of the earliest evidence of the emergence of an empowered congressional perspective on US foreign policy, fuelled by the reaction against executive power caused by the war in Vietnam.","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640865","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59985482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Colonialism and Hegemony in Latin America: An Introduction","authors":"D. Ryan","doi":"10.1080/07075332.1999.9640860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640860","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46534,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL HISTORY REVIEW","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07075332.1999.9640860","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59985659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}