{"title":"Communities and the Dead in Africa and Ancient Ethiopia (50–800 CE)","authors":"Dilpreet Singh Basanti, Naomi Mekonen","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09548-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09548-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the Global North, death is often treated as the departure of a person. However, across Africa, families and communities often include living and dead members, usually called “ancestors.” In this article, we use archaeology to support educators in communicating key aspects of deathways and the study of ancestors in Africa. We do this through an example drawn from the ancient kingdom of Aksum in Ethiopia (50–800 CE). Archaeologist Dilpreet Singh Basanti previously analyzed human remains from Aksum and reconstructed an ancient community’s burial and ongoing engagement with a young woman. Artist Naomi Mekonen has created a surrealist lens to present this woman’s story of death in this article’s figures. Surrealism is a rising perspective in modern art from the Tigray region and is used here to shift the tone from death as a grim tale of loss to death as a love story. We show how ongoing actions around the young woman’s tomb relate to her continued role in her family and community. Our example illustrates that ancestors are elements of healthy community life. Ancestors provide a guiding voice that helps to define people’s values and experiences of the world. In this way, ancestors are inseparable from “culture,” and exploring these themes helps us to appreciate the role of culture as a guiding way that connects generations of loved ones, living and dead.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"567 - 576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-023-09548-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50473137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"My Meals Are in the Pots: Making Pots and Meals in Wollega, Southwest Ethiopia","authors":"Bula S. Wayessa","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09544-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09544-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pottery is an ancient technology in Africa that transformed how people store and prepare their foods. It is a craft technology frequently associated with women and is often practiced by people who belong to marginalized social groups with limited access to farmland. This article offers insight into traditional pottery-making and how women have innovated the craft under changing sociopolitical and economic circumstances. It also addresses the more recent government policies that have shaped potters’ access to clay. In addition, the article examines how competition with alternative materials, including plastics and enamels, has challenged women’s ability to maintain their pottery-making livelihoods and inspired potters’ creativity in circumventing the challenges imposed on them. The study provides insights into the archaeological implications of resilience and dynamism in the pottery technological tradition and considers these in relation to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).</p>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"519 - 529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-023-09544-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47866500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Global Connections and Connected Communities in the African Past: Stories from Cowrie Shells","authors":"Anne Haour, Abigail Moffett","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09546-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09546-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Through the stories of four people who carried or traded cowrie shells, this article examines the connections between various parts of the world from a thousand years ago to the present. These connections spanned great distances, linking communities in West Africa and the Indian Ocean islands of the Maldives, and they bring to light the vast land and sea links that connected different regions of the African continent to the wider world in this period. We use cowrie shells to explore how objects participate in creating social relations, shaping senses of self and identity. When viewed in relation to the theme of connections, this offers a springboard for thinking about how things and their biographies fit within our lives today.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"545 - 553"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-023-09546-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43359546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"School Learning Enriched by Doing: An Apprenticing Model","authors":"Allison Balabuch, Ann B. Stahl","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09540-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09540-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As an educator (Allison Balabuch) and an archaeologist (Ann Stahl), we consider how models drawn from archaeology, anthropology, and Indigenous principles of learning can help inform a shift from a “head” model of education to embodied learning through a Know-Do-Understand model. Learning in apprenticeship models has been an integral part of human history across the globe. Apprenticeship models echo Indigenous principles of learning, such as connections to place, relationality, and holistic, experiential learning. We also make a case for how learning through archaeology’s diverse and interdisciplinary subject matter can provide teachers with knowledge and skills to enrich formal classroom settings. By re-examining school pedagogy to consider models that include all of the learner—mind, body, and community—and through ongoing collaborations between archaeologists and educators, we can develop a more culturally inclusive and responsive model of education.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"469 - 479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47092517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why Weaving? Teaching Heritage, Mathematics, Science and the Self","authors":"Allison Balabuch, Bako Rasoarifetra","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09541-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09541-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Weaving provides an access point to teach students about the heritage and the dynamic cultural importance of weaving practices in Africa. Weaving education teaches patience and perseverance. It also teaches math from a practical and problem-solving stance, which values ethnomathematical knowledge and skills. Weaving teaches science through the understanding and environmental sustainability of local plants and their practical uses. Throughout this article, we have interwoven our own teaching stories from Canada and Ghana (Allison Balabuch) and Madagascar (Bako Rasoarifetra) through the themes of heritage, mathematics, science, and the development of the self. This article discusses the importance and value of including weaving education into the classroom.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"481 - 491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-023-09541-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41541558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reconciling Archaeology and Legacy at Gishimangeda Cave, Tanzania","authors":"Elizabeth A. Sawchuk, Mary E. Prendergast","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09537-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09537-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gishimangeda Cave, near Lake Eyasi in northern Tanzania, exemplifies many challenges inherent in studying poorly documented “legacy collections” in African archaeology. The archaeological assemblage of at least twelve human individuals and associated artifacts was excavated in 1967 for primarily physical anthropological purposes. However, it has been difficult to link the materials to archaeological contexts or chronology. Recently, ancient DNA analysis of eleven individuals, eight of whom yielded direct dates of the later third millennium and early second millennium BP, has reinvigorated interest in what the site can reveal about social processes during the Pastoral Neolithic era (~5000–1200 years before present) and the transition to food production in eastern Africa. Here, we present an in-depth investigation of the history of research and excavation, and we provide descriptions of the human skeletal remains and material culture at Gishimangeda Cave and their archaeological contexts reconstructed using archival documents and photographs. Osteological analyses reveal individuals’ lived experiences and health. Three individuals have bilateral lesions on their petrous pyramids consistent with chronic otitis media, a condition that has yet to be archaeologically documented in eastern Africa. Through the analysis of the artifacts, we establish connections between Gishimangeda Cave and broadly contemporaneous herder and forager communities in the Lake Eyasi Basin. This case study illustrates the challenges and potential benefits of working with legacy collections in African archaeology. The article contributes to wider discussions in archaeology and museum studies about museum collections and the evolving ethical and scholarly obligations to them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"3 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44817521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Historical Archaeology of the Dente Shrine at Peki, Ghana: Landscapes of Power and Memories of Atlantic Slavery in West Africa","authors":"Benjamin Kofi Nutor, Kodzo Gavua","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09550-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09550-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peki is an Ewe-speaking community in present-day southeastern Ghana. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this community became a hub for the trade in enslaved people. To take charge of the Atlantic economy, the Peki invited the North German Missionary Society to their community in 1847, intending to use them to gain direct access to European merchants on the coast. They also established a franchise of the influential Dente deity of Krachi at Dzake, one of eight Peki settlements. This paper explores the archaeology of the Dente shrine and its role in the historical memory of the Peki community’s entanglements in the Atlantic trade. We employ archaeological, historical, and ethnographic evidence to show how the Peki elites leveraged African indigenous spiritualism to control the post-abolition trade in people. We highlight how contemporary memories of the Atlantic trade in Peki have been constructed through selective processes of remembering and silencing in the face of burgeoning roots and heritage tourism in Ghana. The paper underscores the contradictory roles of an African indigenous religious institution in the complex and syncretic responses to the Atlantic trade in people. It helps us to understand the distinctive power-building strategies that a local community of the West African hinterland adapted to survive in the shadows of expansionist states during the Atlantic trade.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"41 1","pages":"27 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41829291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Storytelling in Archaeology and the Quest for a Pedagogy of Renewal","authors":"Akin Ogundiran","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09553-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09553-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"447 - 453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46889966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Day on the Nile: Living in a Town in Nubia","authors":"Julia Budka, Chloë Ward, Carl G. Elkins","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09547-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09547-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As archaeologists, we are often asked what it was like to live in the past. By blending a fictional narrative with factual archaeological evidence, we offer an interpretation of what a typical day may have been like living at Sai, a town on an island in the River Nile during the second millennium before the common era (BCE), in what is now Sudan. We focus on the question at different levels, thinking about the day-to-day life of the residents of an ancient town, activities that took place, and its broader historical, geographical, and cultural contexts. We also explain how archaeologists work and interpret some of the evidence we discuss, focusing on a range of methods. These include recent advances in virtual 3-D reconstruction, which offer a unique perspective on our interpretation of the past. Many themes covered in this article are highly relevant today and can be linked to several UN Sustainable Development Goals (in particular, 9, 11, and 12). We encourage readers to think about some of the things we discuss in relation to their own lives and experiences and have provided a number of call-out questions in speech bubbles throughout the article to get some of these discussions started.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"555 - 566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-023-09547-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46771054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Earth, Water, Air, and Fire – Thinking about Farming and Farmscapes","authors":"Alexa Höhn, Emmanuel Mushayikwa, Alex Schoeman","doi":"10.1007/s10437-023-09542-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-023-09542-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Farming has changed the face of the earth in Africa as much as elsewhere. But histories of African farmscapes, shaped by millennia of agriculture, are obscured by narratives of pristine landscapes, whether of forests or savanna, and the role of farming in transforming African farmscapes is seldom taught in schools. We present examples of farming strategies and systems from western and southern Africa, which we hope are inspiring and maybe, at times, even surprising. Our exploration of the farmscapes, structured along the classical elements of Earth, Fire, Water, and Air, describes how plants and people deal with the influence these elements have on successful farming and how these influences show up in farmscapes. We hope these stories of flexibility, adaptation, and success and failure motivate teachers and students to think out of the box in grappling with the challenges our world is facing. These stories also provide opportunities for teaching about the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly the goals of <i>Zero Hunger</i> (SDG 2), <i>Responsible Consumption and Production</i> (SDG 12), and <i>Life on Land</i> (SDG 15).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":"40 3","pages":"493 - 505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-023-09542-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43867389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}