INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH最新文献

{"title":"Long-term improvement of quality of life in adult ADHD – results of the randomized multimodal COMPAS trial","authors":"C. Lücke, C. Jenkner, E. Graf, S. Matthies, Patricia Borel, E. Sobanski, B. Alm, M. Rösler, W. Retz, C. Jacob, M. Colla, M. Huss, T. Jans, B. Kis, M. Abdel-Hamid, Helge H. O. Müller, Alexandra P. Lam, M. Berger, L. Tebartz van Elst, A. Philipsen","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1910172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1910172","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) negatively impacts Quality of Life (QoL) in adults. Earlier studies on pharmacological treatment have shown short-term beneficial effects on QoL. No data are available on long-term effects on multimodal psychosocial and/or pharmacological interventions. The Comparison of Methylphenidate and Psychotherapy in Adult ADHD Study (COMPAS), a prospective, multicenter randomized clinical trial, compared cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy (GPT) with individual clinical management (CM) and methylphenidate (MPH) with placebo (Plac) (2 × 2 factorial design over a period of 52 weeks). Change of QoL was measured after three months of intensive treatment, after 26 weeks, and after one year of maintenance treatment, using the Quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction questionnaire (Q-LES-Q, eight subscales). A follow-up was performed 1.5 years after treatment completion. Q-LES-Q scores were analyzed descriptively (means and confidence intervals). A linear regression model was used to test for significant differences between the four treatment arms. The full analysis set comprised 419 patients. Q-LES-Q scores increased between baseline and the end of treatment across all Q-LES-Q subscales (with exception of stable scores in the physical health/activities subscale in the CM + Plac group) and remained stable improved at follow-up. Regression analyses did not show any significant differences between the four treatment conditions. COMPAS is the first study to demonstrate stable and long-term improvements of QoL after multimodal treatment regardless of medication with MPH or Placebo, and regardless of structured GPT or individual CM. Trial registration: ISRCTN54096201","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"50 1","pages":"250 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1910172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45465669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health in Vietnam: An introductory editorial","authors":"Nhi-Ha T. Trinh, E. Bui","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1911380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1911380","url":null,"abstract":"2020 has been a very difficult year worldwide, and the experience continues as we write this editorial. The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting restriction worldwide has brought about the best and worst in all of us, including mobilization of public health resources, international cooperation in development of novel vaccines, and an esprit de corps that we can all be “Together Apart.” At the same time, fear and uncertainty has stoked already deep racial divisions, as seen by the continued disregard of Black lives and the rise of anti-Asian sentiment as a result of COVID-19 related scapegoating in the United States. However, this syndemic also has a silver lining, as seen by the resultant racial awakenings and uprisings, which bring to light the need for increased awareness of both the recognition of the complexity and heterogeneity of BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, People of Color), as well as the need for solidarity among BIPOC to fight the history of white supremacy, colonialism, and imperialism worldwide. We are committed to this revolution; as a journal focusing on global mental health issues, one of our missions is to highlight and amplify voices that have not traditionally been heard. Vietnam is one country that has been deeply affected by Western imperialism throughout its history. The scene of many bloody wars, Vietnam has emerged as a growing, prosperous nation, one which has brought its own perspective to the global stage. Although much of scientific mental health literature to date focuses on the Vietnamese diaspora and the after-effects of the war on its peoples, much less has been published on mental health in Vietnam itself. In the present issue, we present three papers focusing on mental health currently in Vietnam: one study investigates the prevalence of stress, coping strategies, and their association in high school gifted students (Thai et al., 2021), another describes the mental health service utilization and examine associated factors among university students in Vietnam (Pham Tien et al., 2021), and a third identifies the prevalence of depression and perceived barriers to accessing psychological services among the elderly people in a rural district in Hanoi (Nguyen Hang Nguyet et al., 2021). By focusing on two ends of its generations, both on the richness and resilience of its youth, as well as its elderly, these articles are a rare glimpse into mental health in this vibrant country, itself resilient after centuries of conflict and colonialization. We encourage our readership to consider International Journal of Mental Health as a platform to highlight mental health research globally, sometimes from corners of the globe that have previously been overlooked. Ultimately, this enriches the scientific, political, and social dialogue for us all.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"50 1","pages":"96 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1911380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47296874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating psychiatry residency program website content","authors":"Simone A. Bernstein, Nisha R Bhat, Tara G. Harmon, Bambi Nguyen, A. Gu, Lauren A. Marks, J. Gold","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1897375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1897375","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective When psychiatry residency applicants apply for residency, many use program websites to learn information about the program. In this study, the content of websites was evaluated for comprehensiveness. Method Using the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) list of residency programs for 2020, 255 residency training websites were identified and evaluated. The categories analyzed included program overview, application information and recruitment, and educational opportunities. The program websites were all evaluated via descriptive statistics. Results Analysis of the content on the websites found that a majority included a general overview of the program (99.2%), but fewer included a rotation schedule (43.9%), the number of trainee positions (42.0%), a diversity and inclusion statement (39.2%), and the employers of past residents (21.2%). Conclusion Psychiatry residency website have room for improvement. Due to COVID-19, applicants will obtain a large amount of information via websites. This only makes it more critical that websites are regularly updated and provide comprehensive information to make informed decisions.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"50 1","pages":"285 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1897375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48148874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female gender and knowing a person positive for COVID-19 significantly increases fear levels in the Cuban population","authors":"Y. Broche-Pérez, Z. Fernández-Fleites, Evelyn Fernández-Castillo, E. Jiménez-Puig, Dunia M. Ferrer-Lozano, A. Vizcaino-Escobar, Lesnay Martínez-Rodríguez, Reinier Martín-González, Boris C Rodríguez-Martín","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1952739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1952739","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors and fear of COVID-19 in a Cuban population. A web-based study with a cross-sectional design was conducted. The sample comprised 1,145 participants. To explore fear, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale was used. Our results suggest that women were more likely to experience medium to high levels fear compared to men. Additionally, knowing a person positive for COVID-19 significantly increases fear levels in Cuban participants.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"51 1","pages":"102 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43923198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlled clinical trial of teacher-delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for adolescents with clinically diagnosed depressive disorder in Nigeria","authors":"Am S are, V. Olisah, T. Bella-Awusah, C. Ani","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1891361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891361","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Most depressed adolescents in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) like Nigeria have no access to psychological intervention due to lack of trained mental health professionals. This huge treatment gap could be bridged by using non-mental health professionals such as teachers to deliver the interventions. This study evaluated a teacher-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) programme for depressed adolescents in Nigeria. Forty adolescents (aged 13–18 years) with clinically diagnosed depressive disorder were recruited from two schools (20 from each school). One school was balloted as intervention and the other as control. The intervention group received five sessions of manualised group-based CBT delivered by two teachers who were trained and supervised by a psychiatrist. Primary outcome was BDI score at week 6. Controlling for baseline BDI score, the intervention group had significantly lower post-intervention depressive symptoms {Means 4.60 vs 17.05; t = 4.13; p = 0.0001, F(1, 39) = 16.76, p = 0.0001, Effect Size (Cohen’s d) = 1.3}. Eighty-percent of the intervention group achieved remission compared with only 15.8% of the controls (p < 0.0001). To our knowledge, this is the first study of a teacher-delivered CBT programme for clinically depressed adolescents in a LMIC. The intervention was feasible, well received and showed promising efficacy.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"51 1","pages":"4 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43943538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An exploration of recent life stress, psychological resilience, purpose in life, and optimism as correlates of depression in social housing residents in rural Australia","authors":"C. Sharpley, Nickie Murcell, M. Anderson, V. Bitsika, Phillip Fourie, L. Agnew","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1896079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1896079","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Homeless persons are often reported to be more depressed than the general community, but little previous research has examined their depressive state after being housed. In addition, the kinds of traits, attributes, and cognitive factors that have been found to be inversely correlated with the depressive effects of life stressors in the general population have not been compared within the previously-homeless. To investigate these issues, a sample of 79 previously-homeless persons from Regional Australia completed a series of questionnaires about their recent life stressors, depression, and three sets of attributes. Results indicated that the prevalence of severe depression was several times that reported for the general population and that only one of the three attributes measured was significantly inversely correlated with the depression severity of participants. The clinical significance of these findings is discussed with a view to the provision of targeted interventions to this population.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"50 1","pages":"234 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1896079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41763105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Family stigma’ among family members of people with mental illness in Indonesia: A grounded theory approach","authors":"M. Subu, Del Fatma Wati, Nabeel Al-Yateem, Netrida Netrida, Vetty Priscilla, Jacqueline Maria Dias, S. Slewa-Younan, Adnil Edwin Nurdin","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1891363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891363","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stigma is of central importance to people with mental illness and their families. It impacts how they experience their illness and access available health services. An important principle in mental healthcare is empowering patients to live independently and productively, which requires optimal caring from family members. Stigma can seriously hinder this principle. This qualitative study was based on Straussian grounded theory. Participants were 25 family members of people with mental illness. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field notes and memos, and managed using Paillé data analysis. We extracted four interrelated categories: pasung (confinement), demonic/devil possession, alternative treatments and social isolation. Because of misunderstandings about mental illness, participants turned to alternative treatments provided by shamans and religious leaders. Participants reported being expelled from or isolated by their community, suggesting stigma is a reality experienced by families of people with mental illness in Indonesia. Addressing family stigma is important to ensure on-going support for patients and families. It is also important to develop and evaluate anti-stigma interventions in the Indonesian context. The present findings are relevant for mental healthcare professionals, related practice areas where families may be exposed to stigmatization and for international audiences with similar cultural and religious contexts.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"52 1","pages":"102 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47640398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“They are not satisfied until they see our blood”: Syndemic HIV risks for trans women in urban Haiti","authors":"Manisha Joshi, Guitele J. Rahill, Cherelle Carrington, Alexander Mabie, A. Salinas-Miranda, Nicholas Thomas, A. Morales, Lucy Grippo, Amanda Grey","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1891364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891364","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The contribution of gender identity, neighborhood characteristics, contextual norms, and socio-political factors to the biopsychosocial health of non-heteronormative persons in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is understudied. Using syndemic theory, we conducted two focus groups (FGs) of 16 non-heteronormative individuals in Haiti's urban Cité Soleil neighborhood. Eight individuals participated in each FG. ATLAS.ti facilitated thematic content analysis of transcripts. Results indicate that disparity conditions in Cité Soleil (extreme poverty, gang violence, easy access of weapons by criminals, lack of law enforcement, and a 3.6% Human Immunodeficiency Virus [HIV] rate) facilitate a syndemic of substance abuse and non-partner sexual violence. These interact adversely with gender expression, transphobia, transmisogyny, cissexism, lack of confidential HIV testing, and hostilities from religious groups to increase participants' risks of coercive non-partner sexual violence by groups of inebriated men. Injuries from sexual violence, limited access to confidential HIV testing, and inaccurate HIV knowledge heighten HIV risk and anxiety. Haiti’s negative human rights record, 2.2% HIV prevalence, and cultural norms that devalue women are syndemic pathways that perpetuate or worsen disparity conditions and health risks, particularly for trans women. It is a moral, ethical, public health, and social justice mandate to address HIV prevention and mental health promotion for Haitian trans women.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"50 1","pages":"337 - 367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41438579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A controlled clinical trial of a brief psycho-educational intervention for anxiety among in-school adolescents in Nigeria","authors":"Olayinka Jibunoh, C. Ani","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2021.1891362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891362","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study evaluated if psycho-education can significantly reduce anxiety symptoms among Nigerian adolescents. Forty adolescents with highest ranked scores on the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) were selected from two schools (20 each from intervention and control schools). The intervention group received three sessions of group-based psycho-education about anxiety and relaxation techniques. Participants were aged 13–16 years and consisted of 12 male and 28 female pairs. Controlling for baseline SCAS scores, the psycho-educational intervention was not effective in reducing anxiety {F(1,36) = 1.56, p = 0.22}. The lack of efficacy may be due to participants’ very high baseline anxiety scores.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"51 1","pages":"24 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2021.1891362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42997721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unemployment and suicide mortality, suicide attempts, and suicide ideation: A meta-analysis","authors":"S. Amiri","doi":"10.1080/00207411.2020.1859347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00207411.2020.1859347","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Unemployment and job loss are among the problems that have serious psychological consequences. This meta-analysis sought to investigate the impact of unemployment on suicidality and put it to comprehensive study and meta-analysis. Method Mesh keywords were first extracted and these were formulated to search in PubMed and Scopus. Searches were limited to English, and the search lasted until April 2020. The pooled odds ratio on the relationship between unemployment and suicidality was calculated. Several additional analyzes were performed, including gender-based analysis and analysis based on suicide mortality, suicide attempts, and suicide ideation. All analyses were based on the random effects, and publication bias and heterogeneity analysis was performed. Result Unemployment is associated with an increase odd of suicidality. This odd ratio (OR) is 1.85 and is located in a confidence interval (CI) 1.55–2.20 (p < .001). Unemployment is associated with an increase odd of suicide mortality, and OR is 1.87 and CI 1.40–2.50 (p < .001). Also, unemployment is associated with suicide attempts (OR = 1.54; CI 1.26–1.89; p < .001) and suicide ideation (OR = 1.94; CI 1.61–2.34; p < .001). Unemployment in men is associated with increased odds of suicidality, and OR is 1.97 and CI 1.44–2.70 (p < .001). Also, unemployment in women is associated with suicidality (OR = 1.87; CI 1.48–2.37; p < .001). Discussion Overall, the findings of this study could be a clinical and health guide for professionals, as it provides a framework that examines one of the most important economic factors for suicidality.","PeriodicalId":46170,"journal":{"name":"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH","volume":"51 1","pages":"294 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00207411.2020.1859347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48639480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}