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Bioeconomy in the Shade of Green Deal: The System Dynamic Approach 绿色交易阴影下的生物经济:系统动态方法
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0092
K. Dolge, Ģirts Bohvalovs, V. Kirsanovs, A. Blumberga, D. Blumberga
{"title":"Bioeconomy in the Shade of Green Deal: The System Dynamic Approach","authors":"K. Dolge, Ģirts Bohvalovs, V. Kirsanovs, A. Blumberga, D. Blumberga","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0092","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract At the end of 2019, the European Commission launched a new growth strategy called ‘The European Green Deal’ (GD), which aims to ‘transform the European Union (EU) into a fair and prosperous society with a modern, resource-efficient a competitive economy with no net greenhouse gas emissions in 2050 and where economic growth is decoupled from resource use’. This study present developed system dynamic (SD) tool for determining bioeconomy development until 2030 and impact of different GD strategy activities on achieved progress. The bioeconomy index the created and used to measure bioeconomy progress for all scenarios. The optimal scenario was identified between reaching climate goals and adding value to the agricultural, forestry and fisheries resources.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"4 1","pages":"1221 - 1233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78984761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Experimental Studies and Theoretical Modelling of Diesel Engine Running on Biodiesels from South African Sunflower and Canola Oils 以南非葵花籽油和菜籽油为燃料的柴油发动机的实验研究和理论建模
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0048
C. Enweremadu, O. Samuel, H. Rutto
{"title":"Experimental Studies and Theoretical Modelling of Diesel Engine Running on Biodiesels from South African Sunflower and Canola Oils","authors":"C. Enweremadu, O. Samuel, H. Rutto","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The attributes of cost-effectiveness, reliability, consistency and better understanding, have made researchers prefer studying engine characteristics of IC engines fuelled with alternative fuels/diesel blends with computer simulation compared to conventional experimental study. For the first time, the study attempted to simulate combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of biodiesels from Canola and Sunflower oil domiciled in South Africa. The properties of biodiesel vary from one region to another depending on the local properties of the feedstock used for its production. In this study, a computer model-based C++ was used to evaluate the performance characteristics of biodiesel fuels produced from local South African sunflower and canola oil feedstocks. The developed model was validated using experimental results. The performance characteristics of biodiesel and biodiesel-diesel blends from these oils were tested in a Mercedes Benz OM 364A turbocharged four-stroke, four-cylinder direct ignition industrial diesel engine. Results show similar combustion characteristics for all the tested samples. Diesel shows a higher brake power and higher exhaust gas temperature than all the tested fuel samples. The brake thermal efficiency increases with the amount of biodiesel in the biodiesel-diesel blends. Biodiesel and its diesel blends show higher specific fuel consumption than diesel. In terms of emissions, nitrogen oxide emission was higher for biodiesel and its blends with diesel compared with diesel while smoke emission from biodiesel and its diesel blends was lower compared with diesel.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"62 1","pages":"630 - 647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80136605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Share of Energy Consumption by End Use in Electrical Residential Buildings in Jordan 约旦电气住宅建筑中按最终用途划分的能源消耗份额
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0058
Aiman Albatayneh
{"title":"The Share of Energy Consumption by End Use in Electrical Residential Buildings in Jordan","authors":"Aiman Albatayneh","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0058","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Jordan and many countries unfortunately have no up-to-date reliable data on the share of electrical energy consumption by end-use in its residential buildings. Therefore, to determine the share in Jordan’s middle district, detailed data was completed for around 350 buildings. The participants in this survey were engineering students in their final year of an energy auditing course in the German Jordanian University. The data were used to determine the primary share of electrical energy end-use in residential buildings. These data, the first of their kind in Jordan, were recorded by trained participants and are essential for the adoption of appropriate future energy efficiency programs in Jordan. These shares of electrical energy consumption by end use in residential buildings in Jordan are the first of their kind it is necessary to ensure adequate planning for future energy efficiency programs in Jordan and this will enable policymakers to support certain technologies and implement large-scale energy efficiency programs in the residential sector.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"36 2 1","pages":"754 - 766"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82807181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Optimal Energy-Saving in Smart Energy Hub Considering Demand Management 考虑需求管理的智能能源枢纽最优节能
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0094
Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra, O. Candra, Ihsan Ali Mubarak, Hassan Taher Braiber, Muneam Hussein Ali, I. Muda, R. Sivaraman, A. Iswanto
{"title":"Optimal Energy-Saving in Smart Energy Hub Considering Demand Management","authors":"Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra, O. Candra, Ihsan Ali Mubarak, Hassan Taher Braiber, Muneam Hussein Ali, I. Muda, R. Sivaraman, A. Iswanto","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0094","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study focused on energy saving in energy hub system using smart grid technologies and management of the energy demand. The two-layer energy management is proposed for implementing energy saving. In first layer, energy demand such as electrical, thermal and natural gas are optimized subject to optimal level of the demand at day-ahead. Then, optimized energy demand is applied in second layer to reduction energy generation costs. The optimization of the proposed approach is done by shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA), and results at several case studies to confirmation of the proposed approach are investigated.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"19 1","pages":"1244 - 1256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82550553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessments under the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: A Bibliometric Analysis 联合国可持续发展目标下的评估:文献计量学分析
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0014
A. Londoño-Pineda, J. A. Cano
{"title":"Assessments under the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: A Bibliometric Analysis","authors":"A. Londoño-Pineda, J. A. Cano","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The United Nations announced its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development worldwide in 2015. Comprehensive assessments of member states’ performance towards achieving the related UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have since become a major challenge for national and subnational governments. This article presents a bibliometric analysis on the assessment of SDGs, at both the general and specific levels, based on 418 publications obtained from Scopus. The general level of analysis includes the number, types, and subject areas of documents published each year, as well as considerations such as the most-cited publications and the leading authors, journals, countries, institutional affiliations, and funders. The specific level of analysis includes a study of the relevant concepts in the publications and their relationships, allowing for the identification of predominant assessments under the 2030 Agenda, and of the most-often evaluated SDGs. Results indicated a focus on measuring impacts and risks, with SDGs 3, 6, 13, 7, 8, and 4 having been assessed the most often among the 17 SDGs, which is consistent with findings in prevalent subject areas such as environmental sciences, social sciences, medicine, and energy. Future works should address assessments under the 2030 Agenda more comprehensively, including analyses on trade-offs among the SDGs and on the transversal nature of some of these goals.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"56 1","pages":"166 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80878353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Decreasing the Load of Air to Water Heat Pump Systems on Electrical Grids 降低电网空气-水热泵系统负荷的研究
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0027
H. Pihlap, Alo Allik, S. Muiste
{"title":"Decreasing the Load of Air to Water Heat Pump Systems on Electrical Grids","authors":"H. Pihlap, Alo Allik, S. Muiste","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article focuses on decreasing the energy taken from the electrical grid by air to water heat pumps in buildings that use renewable energy. Conventionally the majority of the produced renewable energy is not used directly to operate the heat pump. An energy management concept was developed, with a main new parameter – RCOP that enables to create an optimal working schedule that considers the renewable energy availability and heat pump coefficient of performance in relation to the weather. The concept was proven with computer models that use weather forecasts, renewable energy production, and heat demand. The achieved yearly savings in grid-electricity used by the heat pump were 14.3 %. The fluctuations in the grid load were decreased which as well were quantified by a lower standard deviation of the demand. In months with the best renewable energy availability, the grid electricity savings can reach up to 70 %.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"70 1","pages":"357 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84707862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Massive Online Open Course ‘Energy Transition and Climate Change’ “能源转型与气候变化”大型在线公开课程的开发
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0083
Elina Cervinska, A. Blumberga, Antra Kalnbaļķīte, J. Pubule
{"title":"Development of Massive Online Open Course ‘Energy Transition and Climate Change’","authors":"Elina Cervinska, A. Blumberga, Antra Kalnbaļķīte, J. Pubule","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0083","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study focuses on designing a massive open online course (MOOC) to enhance students learning about the energy transition process and its connection to climate change in theory and complex dynamic systems. The course ‘Energy transition and climate change’ covers one of the United Nations’ ‘Sustainable development goals’ and is one of twelve MOOCs that will enable a comprehensive education in system thinking and its applications. It shows how system thinking methods and tools can be applied to tackle current and future energy and climate problems. The goal of the MOOC is to introduce users to the internal dynamics of modern energy systems and energy transition toward CO2-neutral energy systems. The target audience of the course is students who study Environmental Engineering, Energy, Systems, or similar program and anyone else interested in insights into the topic. The course builds on previous energy supply and demand models by updating and adapting them to the existing situation. MOOC is designed by the Competency-Based Education (CBE) approach, and a literature review is used in the study to cover theoretical parts of the course. Technology Readiness Level (TRL) methodology describes the main steps of the course model development progress, and testing of MOOCs pilot version on five students is included in the final stage of the study.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"47 1","pages":"1106 - 1117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84983706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Life Cycle Inventory for Safflower Production in Southern Europe 南欧红花生产的生命周期清单
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0065
L. Rocchi, M. Farneselli, L. Paolotti, Beatrice Falcinelli, M. Guiducci, A. Boggia
{"title":"Life Cycle Inventory for Safflower Production in Southern Europe","authors":"L. Rocchi, M. Farneselli, L. Paolotti, Beatrice Falcinelli, M. Guiducci, A. Boggia","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0065","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Safflower is currently primarily cultivated as an industrial crop for its oil, which is used for food and industrial purposes, while the by-products can be used for animal feeding. Traditionally cultivated in the Mediterranean area, it was abandoned in the past for other oil crops, such as sunflower. However, it is now returning to be interesting due to its adaptability to low-input cultivation practices, especially when sown in autumn. The main aim of this study is to present a Life Cycle Inventory of safflower grown in a Southern European country, i.e. Italy, based on primary data on agricultural practices used in this country. The study was carried out following ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. Data were collected from experimental fields of the University of Perugia, to ensure a specific and accurate data collection for the definition of the complete supply chain. The reference unit of this study was defined as 1 ha. The stages from raw materials production to seed harvesting were considered. The data presented will be useful to increase the existing knowledge of safflower production in other Mediterranean countries.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"10 1","pages":"862 - 870"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79121592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of Heat Pumps Efficiency in Selected Locations – A Case Study 选定地点的热泵效率分析-一个案例研究
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0049
A. Ołtarzewska, D. Krawczyk
{"title":"Analysis of Heat Pumps Efficiency in Selected Locations – A Case Study","authors":"A. Ołtarzewska, D. Krawczyk","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0049","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Heat pumps are increasingly popular in individual buildings and could help to meet expectations of ambitious energy-environmental European goals until 2050. This paper presents the results of energy simulations conducted in TRNSYS for a single-family building depending on its location in selected European cities. For each city, air source heat pump (ASHP) was considered as an energy source for heating and cooling the building, and then an economic analysis was carried out including investment costs of air source heat pump and a comparison of operating costs of ASHP with other alternatives (i.e. gas boiler, oil boiler, or air conditioners). The results of the simulations showed that with the current energy prices the use of air source heat pumps is the most beneficial in temperate warm transitional climate (Krakow). It was also indicated that the implementation of special tariffs (reduced prices) for electricity that supplies renewable energy devices would make heat pumps unmatched as a source of heating and cooling in the residential sector.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"81 1","pages":"648 - 657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84337592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Activated Carbon Production from Coffee Waste via Slow Pyrolysis Using a Fixed Bed Reactor 固定床反应器慢速热解咖啡废弃物制备活性炭
IF 1.4
Environmental and Climate Technologies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/rtuect-2022-0055
A. Inayat, L. Rocha‐Meneses, Z. Said, C. Ghenai, F. Ahmad, Aisha M Al-Ali, Fatemeh Mahmood, Noura Abdallah
{"title":"Activated Carbon Production from Coffee Waste via Slow Pyrolysis Using a Fixed Bed Reactor","authors":"A. Inayat, L. Rocha‐Meneses, Z. Said, C. Ghenai, F. Ahmad, Aisha M Al-Ali, Fatemeh Mahmood, Noura Abdallah","doi":"10.2478/rtuect-2022-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process commonly used for bio-oil, bio-char, and syngas production. It is particularly attractive due to its cost-effectiveness and low environmental impact. Therefore, this study utilizes coffee waste to produce activated carbon in a slow pyrolysis reactor at different reaction temperatures and residence times. The results obtained in this study show that bio-oil yields tend to increase when moderate reaction temperatures and short residence times are used. In contrast, the bio-char yields are higher at low reaction temperatures and long residence times. The Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images of the coffee waste, bio-char, and activated carbon indicate that the pore size of the bio-char tends to decrease due to heating and tends to increase in the area after using ZnCl2 as activating agent. Coffee waste is a suitable feedstock for activating carbon production.","PeriodicalId":46053,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Climate Technologies","volume":"59 1","pages":"720 - 729"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72617705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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