{"title":"Immigrants, Ethnic Lobbies and American Foreign Policy","authors":"Janeen M. Klinger","doi":"10.15367/com.v7i1.547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v7i1.547","url":null,"abstract":"The United States is so obviously an immigrant nation that this fact is assumed to be significant for the contuct of its foreign policy. This article examines the assumption and whether the recent change in immigration patterns away from Europe and towards Asia as the point of origin may portend a significant shift in the orientation of U. S. foreign policy. This article also describes the effect that immigration groups and ethnic lobbies have had on U.S. foreign policy in the past, extrapolating generalizations from earlier experiences that may apply to the latest group of immigrants.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81080725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Censorship of the Internet","authors":"Gerard. J. Fitzpatrick","doi":"10.15367/com.v10i1.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v10i1.525","url":null,"abstract":"Computer technology is changing faster than the laws governing it, raising the question of whether laws formuluted to address conflicts arising in the \"real world\" are applicable to conflicts in \"cyberspace.\" This question is particularly relevant to the debate over sexually explicit material on the Internet. This article argues that because the Supreme Court's current approach to the obscenity is not transferable to cyberspace, a different legal framework is necessary for dealing with\" cybersmut. \"","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75611934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Democratic Era?","authors":"Donald W. Beachler","doi":"10.15367/com.v9i1.534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v9i1.534","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines changes in general elections in Pennsylvania from 1984 to 1996. The county level vote of New Democrat Bill Clinton is compared with that of traditional Democrats, Walter Mondale and Michael Dukakis. Clinton won Pennsylvania by gaining votes in the traditionally Republican suburban counties around Philadelphia. Compared to that of previous Democratic presidential candidates, Clinton's percentage of the vote actually declined in the Democratic counties of western Pennsylvania.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83976329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Making of American Drug Policy","authors":"Richard D. White","doi":"10.15367/com.v9i1.531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v9i1.531","url":null,"abstract":"This research examines the making of American drug policy and the Harrison Narcotics Act of 1914. Depending upon the analytical model employed, different explanations can be offered for early drug policy development. From a rational perspective, the goal of the Harrison Act was to improve relations with China; from an organizational perspective, the Act was intended to protect the financial interests of doctors and pharmacists; and from a political process perspective, the Act was the result of a Progressive-era crusade of a few policy entrepreneurs.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86248374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Before the Constitution","authors":"J. Yoho","doi":"10.15367/com.v10i1.524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v10i1.524","url":null,"abstract":"The movement for American independence from Great Britain was closely associated with interest group activity, and cannot wholly be understood without reference to the phenomenon. This association is documented with reference to a consistent definition of \"interest group.\" Lesser known is the role that interest groups played in the movement to adopt a new constitution. Still, this paper argues, the growth of interest group activity during this era seemingly would have happened, although perhaps to a lesser extent, even without these movements.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83147794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Explaining Implementation Politics","authors":"Stephanie L. Bressler","doi":"10.15367/com.v8i1.543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v8i1.543","url":null,"abstract":"An implementation politics model is proposed to explain how the extent and direction of policy implementation is determined by the impact of politics and the changing political and economic environments on implementation activities. The model is used to analyze the delay in implementation of the 1978 Pennsylvania Seasonal Farm Labor Act. The primary methodology employed in the research is the interviewing of key participants in the implementation of this law. The model suggests why policy implementation does not unfold in neat progressive stages but instead moves forward and backward according to some dis-cernible patterns based on the opportunities and constraints presented by the changing political and economic environments.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78787786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Realism, Institutions, and Neutrality","authors":"D. A. Austin","doi":"10.15367/com.v9i1.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v9i1.533","url":null,"abstract":"Realism posits power as the key component of international relations. In contrast, Institutionalism looks to norms and customs as the primary buses of world politics. Yet both theories frequently fall short in explaining major international events. This article considers the institution of neutrality as an example of how norms exert a stabilizing influence in international relations. On the other hand, the failure to observe norms often results in instability, and in extreme cases, can lead to war. When this point is reached, the use of force may be the only means to restore a stable balance of power. By drawing on both Realist and Institutionalist theories, a richer explanation of international life can be found.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79051721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decentralization of Environmental Enforcement","authors":"D. C. Chaffey","doi":"10.15367/com.v9i1.535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v9i1.535","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the consequences of one organizational structure (regional decentralization) on the enforcement of environmental regulations. Using interviews conducted with the staff of and data drawn from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection, the results of this study suggest that the reporting structure in the Pennsylvania air quality program sometimes produces conflicting directives to the various regional offices while also making efforts to arrive at a common approach to enforcement more difficult.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74383539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization and Compromise","authors":"Frauke Schnell","doi":"10.15367/com.v8i1.540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v8i1.540","url":null,"abstract":"This research attempts to explain the sources of abortion attitudes among individuals. The proposed model moves beyond a single value-attitude formulation to a consideration of the interrelationship among core values. The result of holding equally strong and conflicted values relevant to the issue is a decrease in the strength with which abortion attitudes are held. Support for the theoretical framework comes from a survey (N=437). The results indicate that the various components of attitude strength appear to be sufficiently independent dimensions of involvement with the abortion issue, and conflict between relevant core values is associated with a decrease in attitude strength for most of the attitude strength measures.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80639169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Relevance of Gender","authors":"M. Githens","doi":"10.15367/com.v8i1.542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15367/com.v8i1.542","url":null,"abstract":"Information gathered as a participant observer on the Maryland judicial nominating commission and from hearings on gender bias in the Maryland courts, along with interviews, will be used to show that the attitudes of the gatekeepers toward women were less decisive than previous research suggested in having women appointed to the bench. It will be argued that the credentials of the male applicants played a more crucial role in the deliberations of the judicial nominating commission than positive attitudes towards women or gender neutral views.","PeriodicalId":46038,"journal":{"name":"COMMONWEALTH & COMPARATIVE POLITICS","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80262937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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