International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment最新文献

{"title":"Flood susceptibility mapping in anthropogenic wetland area, Shadegan County, Southwest of Iran","authors":"S. Khaleghi, Ahmad Jadmavinejad","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-03-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Shadegan County as a wetland area was selected because of its susceptibility to flooding hazards and inundation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze flooding hazard based on the analytical hierarchy process methodology.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The eight influencing factors (slope, distance from wetland, distance from river, drainage density, elevation, curve number, population density and vegetation density) were considered for flood mapping within the Shadegan County using analytical hierarchical process, geographical information system and remote sensing. The validation of the map was conducted based on the comparison of the historical flood inundation of April 21, 2019.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results showed that around 32.65% of the area was under high to very high hazard zones, whereas 44.60% accounted for moderate and 22.75% for very low to the low probability of flooding. The distance from Shadegan Wetland has been gained high value and most of the hazardous areas located around this wetland. Finally, the observed flood density in the different susceptibility zones for the very high, high, moderate, low and very low susceptible zones were 0.35, 0.22, 0.15, 0.19, and 0.14, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the flood susceptibility map developed here is one of the first studies in a built wetland area which is affected by anthropogenic factors. The flood zonation map along with management and restoration of wetland can be best approaches to reduce the impacts of floods.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49591024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population resilience to flooding in the urbanised mangrove of Douala, Cameroon","authors":"Babette Linda Safougne Djomekui, Aristide Yemmafouo","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-04-2022-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-04-2022-0040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to understand the mechanisms that contribute to the construction of the resilience of populations to urban flooding. It therefore proposes to analyse the strategies and attitudes developed by households subjected to floods to maintain and rebuild themselves despite the damage in the urbanised mangrove swamp of the south of the city.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The fieldwork consisted of observing the behaviours, practices and attitudes of households to flooding in the study area. In addition to observations, the fieldwork included interviews (60), focus groups (10), completion of 260 questionnaires by heads of households and field mapping. The sample was determined by the non-probability quota method. The data processing involved the extraction of descriptive and multivariate statistics as well as content analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The rapid growth of Douala leads to vulnerabilities through the spontaneous occupation of mangrove areas, thus aggravating the impacts of the floods that occur. Afterwards, the analysis of the individual and collective responses of the inhabitants of the study area highlighted resilience in action. This resilience is expressed in two ways: the individual ability of the inhabitants to exploit internal/psychological and external resources/personal social capital to absorb the shock; and the capacity for self-organisation and learning which is manifested by the use of feedback in the reconstruction phase to transform the disaster into an opportunity for territorial development.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Two main limitations of this work should be noted and are as follows. The study is only centred on an urbanised mangrove area, although there are others: Does the research hypothesis also apply to other urbanised mangrove areas? Flooding is not specific to mangrove areas. Other spontaneous non-mangrove neighbourhoods are subject to flooding. The results of this study give the impression that resilience capacities are paradoxically manifested in the most vulnerable neighbourhoods. This impression needs to be confirmed by further studies for a comparative synthesis of the experience of shocks between spontaneous neighbourhoods and planned neighbourhoods.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Urban flooding is one of many physical phenomena that scientists and technologists are learning about and trying to anticipate, avoid, and prepare for. Governments are simultaneously implementing policies for prevention, monitoring, warning, and reaction. If this analysis does not take into account the intrinsic capacities of the populations to cope with dangers, accept responsibility for their actions, and take significant local action when necessary, this framework will still be inadequate. Spontaneous activities are gradually developing around these efforts into coordinated, structured actions that, if taken into consideration and effectively managed, can prove to be successful and satisfying on a town-wide scale.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42088540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of critical infrastructure resilience index for cities in Sri Lanka","authors":"U. Perera, C. Siriwardana, Ishani Shehara Pitigala Liyana Arachchi","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-01-2022-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-01-2022-0007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Infrastructures become critical with the emerging threats triggering through disasters. Sri Lanka is a country with a higher risk of disaster impacts, in which the eye-opening has widened towards mitigating the damages towards critical infrastructures. Based on this, the purpose of this paper is to develop an index that identifies the significance of critical infrastructure resilience.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000From the initial literature survey, disaster resilience is defined as capacity of three stages, absorptive, adaptive and restorative along with ten indicators to measure capacities. Selected indicators were then checked for suitability for scope of the research based on opinions of seven experts. Subsequently, the critical infrastructure resilience index (CIRI) was introduced such that the numerical values for each indicator are aggregated using the Z score method. Statistical relations between the actual impact against disasters and CIRI calculated for administrative regions in Sri Lanka were used as the final step to validate the developed index.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Resilience index development is presented in this paper with a comprehensive methodology of developing and validation. Further, the case study results imply the weakness and strengths in each resilience capacities, which are important in decision-making.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Unavailability of disaster impact data and centralized data repository were main constrains in the validation process of this research. Hence proxy data was used to validate resilience index in this research.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research identified and validated a novel approach of defining disaster resilience index for regional decision-making.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45094276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the potential participation in natural disaster insurance: first attempt based on a national socio-economic survey in Indonesia","authors":"S. I. Oktora, I. Wulansari, T. Siagian, Bagaskoro Cahyo Laksono, Ni Nyoman Ria Sugiandewi, N. Anindita","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-04-2022-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-04-2022-0034","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to identify the regions with a high risk of natural disaster, estimate the proportion of households potentially participating in natural disaster insurance and analyze the relationship between disaster risk index and proportion of household potentially participating in natural disaster insurance.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Descriptive and quadrant analysis was applied on the 2019 Indonesia Disaster Risk Index (IRBI) scores and the 2019 National Socio-Economic Survey data.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results showed there are only two categories of disaster risks in Indonesia based on IRBI categorization: “Medium” and “High.” Some districts in Aceh Province such as Simeuleu, Pidie Jaya and Banda Aceh City were observed to have a high proportion of households potentially participating in the natural disaster insurance while some in Jawa Tengah provinces have fairly low level even though they were categorized as high disaster-prone areas. Moreover, the quadrant analysis showed that 43 districts have high IRBI scores but low insurance participation rates with most discovered to be in Jawa Barat and Sumatera Selatan provinces.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Indonesia does not have a financial mitigation program up to the present time because almost all disaster resolutions are formulated based on emergency funds from the state budget even though it is important to use insurance schemes in all stages of disaster management. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempt to identify households potentially participating in natural disaster insurance through the National Socio-Economic Survey in Indonesia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49383070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal vegetation cover analysis to determine climate change in Papua New Guinea","authors":"T. Sekac, Sujoy Kumar Jana, I. Pal","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-05-2022-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-05-2022-0045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The climate change and related impacts are experienced around the world. There arise different triggering factors to climate change and impact. The purpose of this study is to figure out how changes in vegetation cover may or may not have an impact to climate change. The research will produce ideas for vegetation preservation and replant.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The investigation was probed for 34 years’ time period starting from the year 1981 to 2015. After testing and checking for serial autocorrelation in the vegetation data series, Mann–Kendal nonparametric statistical evaluation was carried out to investigate vegetation cover trends. Sen’s method was deployed to investigate the magnitude of vegetation cover change in natural differential vegetation index (NDVI) unit per year. Furthermore, the ArcGIS spatial analysis tools were used for the calculation of mean NDVI distribution and also for carrying out the spatial investigation of trends at each specific location within the study region.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The yearly mean NDVI during the study period was observed to have a decreasing trend. The mean NDVI value ranges between 0.32 and 0.98 NDVI unit, and hence, this means from less or poor vegetated zones to higher or healthier vegetated zones. The mean NDVI value was seen decreasing toward the highlands regions. The NDVI-rainfall correlation was observed to be stronger than the NDVI-temperature correlation. The % area coverage of NDVI-rainfall positive correlation was higher than the negative correlation. The % area coverage of NDVI-temperature negative correlation was higher than the positive correlation within the study region. Rainfall is seen as a highly influencing climatic factor for vegetation growth than the temperature within the study region.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study in this country is a new approach for climate change monitoring and planning for the survival of the people of Papua New Guinea, especially for the farmer and those who is living in the coastal area.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45439282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postdisaster relocation and its impacts on family dynamics: a case study of typhoon Ketsana relocation in the Philippines","authors":"P. Samonte, R. Djalante","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-02-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-02-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000In the realm of disaster risk reduction (DRR) efforts and disaster resilience discipline globally, the impacts of disasters at the family level – especially in terms of interpersonal relationships – remain largely understudied. This paper aims to explore the impacts of postdisaster relocation on the internal dynamics of families in Southville 7 in Calauan, Laguna, Philippines during the aftermath of the 2009 typhoon Ketsana, and endeavors to inform institutional policies to strengthen families’ disaster resilience.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Purposive sampling was applied in choosing the 20 participating families for the case study of Site III, Southville 7 – a relocation site housing more than 3,000 displaced families from Metro Manila during typhoon Ketsana. Data gathering methods such as semistructured interviews and personal observations were used during fieldwork, the findings of which were coded to reveal the study’s analytical themes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Research findings reveal that the impacts of postdisaster relocation to family dynamics could be classified into seven broad categories: family composition and structure; members’ roles; parenting; parents’ marital relationship; familial relationship; family member’s personalities; and death and disabilities. The interplay between these impacts results in either stronger overall family cohesion or further relational ruptures.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000By spotlighting the impacts of disasters on overall family dynamics in the context of postdisaster relocation, this study seeks to elevate the place of the family in the DRR and disaster resilience discourse.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44476075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban mix in housing neighbourhoods: challenges, evaluation method and diagnosis of Ayouf in Jijel, Algeria","authors":"Ibtissem Hallal, T. Sahnoune","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-01-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-01-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to identify the challenges of new urban housing zones in Algeria that have permitted the emergence of many habitat neighbourhoods deprived of all services. The objective is to promote social interaction by departing from the zoning and introducing the notion of urban mix.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study tries to catch different elements that contribute to promote the degree of social interaction. This step ultimately has led to the need to improve the quality conditions of the living environment and focus the analysis on urban mix advantages. The latter aims to organize space by balancing functional, social and spatial magnitudes. Different methods have been adopted to assess each dimension. Starting with the assessment of the functional mix, the functional mix coefficient (C.Mix f) was calculated in a quantitative approach, and attendance rates of various targeted functions were determined in a second qualitative one. However, regarding the social mix, several evaluation criteria were selected. Finally, the spatial mix was evaluated via three modes of occupation; mix on the islet, mix on the parcel and mix on the building.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results of this research confirm that urban mix is imperative to counteract problems generated by zoning. It also concludes that urban mix can be assessed through a grid of indicators. The case study of Ayouf-Jijel revealed that it benefits from good coverage of amenities and businesses; the authors also found that most indicators present some qualitative rather than quantitative deficiencies. This concerns the location of businesses in collective and individual housing. This phenomenon is scattered in the neighbourhood’s development.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The objective of this paper is to contribute to the argument on how to develop neighbourhoods in a city in general and particular to the city of Jijel through the urban mix by taking into account several indicators under three measurements: functional, social and spatial. In addition, the paper contributes to discuss new methods for the evaluation and implementation of urban mix. Finally, this paper reveals an opportunity to rethink neighbourhoods regarding new approaches and reflections of cosmopolite development versus zoning.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44590193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flood knowledge management by multiple stakeholders: an example from Malaysia","authors":"Nurul Zainab Binti Along, I. Ahmed, Jamie Mackee","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-08-2021-0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-08-2021-0102","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to explore multiple stakeholders managing the different type of knowledge in a flood-prone area. Different stakeholders hold different types of knowledge in their area of interest, and both knowledge streams have their intrinsic potentials and limitations. In this paper, the issue of knowledge complementarity is explored in the context of flood hazards. Hazards such as floods may appear messy, unpredictable, with unsorted and unorganised forms of data, information and knowledge on the part of diverse stakeholders.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Case study design had been used in this study to explore how stakeholders: Orang Asli, Malay, and humanitarian organisations manage the differences in terms of type of knowledge each of them have. To illicit the response from participants from each of the stakeholders, in-depth interviews had been used.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This research has led to the development of a conceptual framework based on the case study. The lessons learned from the framework is discussed, together with the barriers to their implementation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper presents a research case study on multiple stakeholders in the district of Pekan, the state of Pahang, Malaysia, and how these multiple stakeholders manage flood hazards with their different types of knowledge.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42591801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience assessment of health-care facilities within urban context: learning from a non-profit hospital in Tehran, Iran","authors":"Mehrdad Rahmani, A. Lotfata, Sarasadat Khoshnevis, K. Javanmardi, M. Akdogan","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-11-2021-0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-11-2021-0151","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Tehran’s health-care system is growing, yet it lacks emergency planning procedures. The premise of this study is that the urban environment around a hospital is just as robust as the hospital itself. This study aims to look at hospital resilience in an urban setting to see where it may be improved to keep the hospital operational during a disaster.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The urban resilience (UR) of Amir-Alam Hospital was analyzed in this study using a customized version of the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction’s City Resilience Profiling Tool. The 34 indications were broken down into five categories.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The result revealed that the hospital’s UR score was 51.75 out of 100, indicating medium resilience. The results of this study enable the decision-makers to determine what measures they may take to improve the hospital’s resilience in terms of its surrounding urban context.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The originality of this research is based on the surrounding urban environment’s resilience as an integral part of hospital resilience.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41959638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Develop a situation-based prioritization program as a road map to enhance the pre-resilience in flood management using machine learning methods","authors":"S. Samadi, M. Taslimi","doi":"10.1108/ijdrbe-12-2021-0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-12-2021-0161","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to review the features and challenges of the flood relief chain, identifies administrative measures during and after the flood occurrence and prioritizes them using two machine learning (ML) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methods. This paper aims to provide a prioritization program based on flood conditions that optimize flood management and improves society’s resilience against flood occurrence.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The collected database in this paper has been trained by using ML algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB) and k-nearest neighbors (kNN), to create a prioritization program. Furthermore, the administrative measures in two phases of during and after the flood are prioritized by using the AHP method and questionnaires completed by experts and relief workers in flood management.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Among the ML algorithms, the SVM method was selected with 91.37% accuracy. The prioritization program provided by the model, which distinguishes it from other existing models, considers five conditions of the flood occurrence to prioritize actions (season, population affected, area affected, damage to houses and human lives lost). Therefore, the model presents a specific plan for each flood with different occurrence conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The main limitation is the lack of a comprehensive data set to determine the effect of all flood conditions on the prioritization program and the relief activities that have been done in previous flood disasters.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The originality of this paper is the use of ML methods to prioritize administrative measures during and after the flood and presents a prioritization program based on each flood’s conditions. Therefore, through this program, the authority and society can control the adverse impacts of flood more effectively and help to reduce human and financial losses as much as possible.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45983,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49214525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}