Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids最新文献

{"title":"Sexual behaviour among Kenyan adolescents enrolled in an efficacy trial of a smartphone game to prevent HIV: a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data.","authors":"Victor Mudhune, Kate Winskell, Robert A Bednarczyk, Ken Ondenge, Calvin Mbeda, Emily Kerubo, Richard Ndivo, Judith Arego, Marissa Morales, Brianna Halliburton, Gaëlle Sabben","doi":"10.1080/17290376.2024.2320188","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17290376.2024.2320188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual behaviour of adolescents is contextual, with various determinants affecting sexual activity and age of sexual debut. Insight into sexual activity among young adolescents has the potential to influence appropriate sexual and reproductive health interventions. For this analysis, adolescents were recruited as part of the <i>Tumaini</i> smartphone game efficacy trial. Data collection included a self-administered behavioural survey and blood test for HIV and HSV-2. Descriptive statistics were calculated for demographics and measures of sexual behaviour and behavioural intent based on gender and sexual experience, with associations assessed using chi-square tests, <i>t</i>-tests and Wilcoxon rank sum tests as appropriate. We enrolled 996 adolescents, mean age 14 years and 2.2% HSV-2 positivity. Overall, 15% of the adolescents were sexually experienced, this being associated with lower socio-economic status (<i>p</i> = 0.01), household food insecurity (<i>p</i> = 0.008), a living situation without both parents (<i>p</i> < 0.01), substance use (<i>p</i> = 0.02), no adult conversation about future goals (<i>p</i> = 0.003), conversations about condoms (<i>p</i> = 0.01), with some gender disparity within these factors. Among those sexually experienced, 21.7% reported unwilling sex; 17.5% had engaged in transactional sex; 57.8% had willing first sex, of whom 60.9% reported no condom use. Among those abstaining, female adolescents were less likely to contemplate condom use at first sex (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Our findings determine that young sexually active adolescents are likely engaging in unprotected sex and having unwilling sexual experiences. Socio-economic status, living situation and parental monitoring remain significant factors associated with sexual experience among young adolescents. In this context, early adolescence is an opportunity to provide age- and developmentally appropriate education about safer sex practices.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04437667.</p>","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"21 1","pages":"2320188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10885754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provision of HIV testing services and its impact on the HIV positivity rate in the public health sector in KwaZulu-Natal: a ten-year review.","authors":"Rizwana Desai, Stanley Onwubu, Elizabeth Lutge, Nondumiso Patience Buthelezi, Nirvasha Moodley, Firoza Haffejee, Bontle Segobe, Suresh Babu Naidu Krishna, Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya, Champaklal Chhaganlal Jinabhai","doi":"10.1080/17290376.2024.2318797","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17290376.2024.2318797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>South Africa has been rated as having the most severe HIV epidemic in the world since it has one of the largest populations of people living with HIV (PLHIV). KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) is the epicentre of the HIV epidemic. The HIV test and treat services in the public health sector are critical to managing the epidemic and responding to the increase in HIV infections. The KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health (DOH) commissioned a review of the provision of HIV testing services in the province and aimed to investigate its impact on the HIV positivity rate over a ten-year period. The study was an ecological study design using data extracted from the Department's District Health Information System (DHIS). Descriptive analysis was conducted in addition to ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study have shown that the total number of HIV tests conducted over the ten-year period in the province has increased with the highest number of HIV tests being conducted in the 2018/2019 MTEF year. ANOVA analysis indicates that there was a statistically significant difference in the total number of HIV tests conducted and the number of HIV tests per 100 000 population across the province's 11 districts (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were observed in the HIV testing rate and in the HIV positivity rate over the period (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Results from multiple regression analysis showed that the HIV testing rate per 100 000 population was the strongest predictor of the HIV positivity rate. HIV positivity among clients correlated negatively with the number of HIV tests conducted per 100 000 population (r = -0.823; <i>p</i> < 0.001) and the HIV testing rate (r = -0.324; <i>p</i> < 0.01). This study has found that HIV testing could have an impact on reducing the positivity rate of HIV in the province and is therefore an effective strategy in curbing the HIV epidemic. The KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health should ensure that strategies for implementing and maintaining HIV testing and treating services should continue at an accelerated rate in order to achieve the first 95 of the UNAIDS 2025 SDG target.</p>","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"21 1","pages":"2318797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10880561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139906638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges with couples HIV counselling and testing among black MSM students: perspectives of university students in Durban, South Africa.","authors":"Geogina Charity Gumindega, Pranitha Maharaj","doi":"10.1080/17290376.2022.2101511","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17290376.2022.2101511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research suggests that HIV infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) are acquired from primary partners, yet MSM continually fail to take part in couples HIV counselling and testing (CHCT). To identify factors that inhibit MSM in universities from regularly testing for HIV with their sexual partners, this study considered the perspectives and experiences of 15 MSM students in Durban, South Africa. The findings show that despite appreciating the value of couple testing it is relatively uncommon. MSM resist doing so with their casual partners as this would presumably signal an intention to advance the relationship beyond the short-term. Other barriers included; experienced and perceived homophobia at public testing centres, trust-based assumptions that primary partners need not test for HIV and fear of discord. They also employed alternative strategies to purportedly determine their casual and primary partners' status in the absence of CHCT. Alternative strategies include; initiating sexual relationships with casual partners whose sexual history is known and making use of home-based testing kits to avoid CHCT at public testing centres. These findings emphasise the need for LGBTIQ-friendly couple-based approaches as a necessary component of HIV prevention interventions among MSM in universities.</p>","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"19 1","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10687814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis as an opportunity for engagement in HIV prevention among South African adolescents.","authors":"Ashleigh LoVette, Caroline Kuo, Danielle Giovenco, Jacqueline Hoare, Kristen Underhill, Don Operario","doi":"10.1080/17290376.2021.2016479","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17290376.2021.2016479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) offers a potential biomedical strategy to reduce HIV incidence among adolescent populations disproportionately affected by HIV. There is limited evidence on the social and clinical implications, including engagement in HIV prevention efforts, of PrEP for South African adolescents, who face high HIV risk. We conducted a mixed-methods study in Western Cape, South Africa from 2015 to 2016. Adolescents (<i>N</i> = 35) aged 16-17 and clinical service providers working with adolescents (<i>N</i> = 25) were recruited from community and clinic settings. Adolescents and service providers completed a survey about their overall perceptions of PrEP and completed interviews guided by semi-structured protocols. We performed descriptive analysis of quantitative data using SPSS and thematic analysis of qualitative data using NVivo. The majority of adolescents endorsed future PrEP use for themselves and partners, and all clinical service providers endorsed future PrEP use for sexually active adolescents. Both adolescents and service providers identified PrEP as an opportunity to engage youth as active participants in HIV prevention. Service providers also viewed PrEP as a potential mechanism for shifting life trajectories. Findings from this study enhance our understanding of the considerations needed to engage adolescents and clinical service providers in the roll-out of oral PrEP in South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8843204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9371811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘I can't go to her when I have a problem’: sexuality communication between South African adolescent girls and young women and their mothers","authors":"Z. Duby, Wilmé Verwoerd, K. Isaksen, K. Jonas, Kealeboga Maruping, J. Dietrich, Ashleigh Lovette, C. Kuo, C. Mathews","doi":"10.1080/17290376.2022.2060295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17290376.2022.2060295","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Parent–adolescent sexuality communication, the process in which parents and their adolescent children discuss sexuality and sexual and reproductive health, is a key component for adolescents’ protective behaviours. Open communication with parents, particularly mothers, enables informed sexual and reproductive health (SRH) decision-making amongst adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). As part of a qualitative study evaluating a South African combination HIV prevention intervention for AGYW, we explored perspectives on SRH communication among AGYW and mothers of AGYW, and the effects of the intervention on sexuality communication as perceived by AGYW, mothers of AGYW, intervention facilitators and implementers, and community leaders. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with 185 AGYW aged 15–24 years who had participated in the intervention, seven mothers of AGYW intervention recipients, 14 intervention facilitators, six community leaders, and 12 intervention implementers. Key themes that emerged in analysis were (1) Barriers to Sexuality communication, (2) Implications of Gaps in Sexuality Communication, and (3) Addressing Barriers to Sexuality communication. Barriers to sexuality communication included inability or unwillingness to discuss sex, a generation gap, proscriptive socio-cultural guidelines, and mothers’ discomfort, lack of knowledge and self-efficacy, and fear of encouraging promiscuity. AGYW described making poorly-informed SRH decisions alone, expressing a desire for more open communication with and support from parents/mothers. Framed within the social cognitive theory, these findings can help to guide efforts to address barriers around parent–adolescent sexuality communication, inform interventions aimed at targeting SRH issues amongst AGYW, such as unintended pregnancy and HIV, and support meaningful engagement of parents in supporting AGYW in navigating pathways to achieving their SRH goals.","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"21 1","pages":"8 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78861512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes and prevention practices regarding HIV/AIDS among barbers in Ho municipality, Ghana.","authors":"Mercy Demaris Quarm, Jacqueline Mthembu, Khangelani Zuma, Elvis Enowbeyang Tarkang","doi":"10.1080/17290376.2021.1883101","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17290376.2021.1883101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The barbing industry poses particular public health risks if it is not conducted in a safe and hygienic manner. These risks can lead to the transmission of infectious diseases like the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to the barbers or their clients. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes and prevention practices regarding HIV transmission among barbers in the Ho Municipality. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed. A pretested structured questionnaire was administered to a consented sample of barbers sampled using a multistage random sample design. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using Stata version 14.0 software programme where 0.05 level was used as a measure of significance. The knowledge level of the barbers regarding HIV/AIDS was inadequate (63.6%). Knowledge was significantly associated with work experience [AOR = 13.56 (95% CI: 2.73-67.25); <i>p</i> = 0.001], with attitude [AOR = 4.07 (95% CI: 1.27-13.08); <i>p</i> = 0.018], with level of education [AOR = 10.22 (95% CI: 2.24-46.64); <i>p</i> = 0.003], with marital status [AOR = 0.07 (95% CI: 0.01-0.50); <i>p</i> = 0.008] and with number of clients per day [AOR = 0.13 (95% CI: 0.03-0.52); <i>p</i> = 0.004]. The attitude of barbers was also inadequate (58.7%). Attitude was significantly associated with the mode of learning the barbing profession [AOR = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.11-0.89); <i>p</i> = 0.029], and with level of knowledge [AOR = 5.48 (95% CI: 2.01-14.93); <i>p</i> = 0.001]. Majority of the participants exhibited poor prevention practices regarding HIV/AIDS (87.6%). Prevention practice was significantly associated with work experience [AOR = 24.92 (95% CI: 2.08-297.86); <i>p</i> = 0.011] and with level of knowledge [AOR = 12.57 (95% CI: 1.35-116.86); <i>p</i> = 0.026]. The barbers in Ho exhibited inadequate knowledge and attitude regarding HIV/AIDS, and also manifested poor prevention practices regarding HIV/AIDS. Programmes aimed at improving the knowledge, attitudes and prevention practices should be implemented among barbers, with focus on those without any formal education, those with less than five years work experience and those with more than ten clients a day.</p>","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"18 1","pages":"42-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7919896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10578931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Drive to Take an HIV Test in Rural Uganda: A Risk to Prevention for Young People?","authors":"S. Bernays, Allen Asiimwe, Edward Tumwesige, J. Seeley","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83481053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unfinished History: A Story of Ongoing Events and Mutating HIV Problems","authors":"M. Rosengarten","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78531257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipating Policy, Orienting Services, Celebrating Provision: Reflecting on Scotland’s PrEP Journey","authors":"I. Young","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69819-5_5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74292707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Secrets and Private Sufferings in the South African AIDS Epidemic","authors":"John H. Stadler","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-69437-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69437-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45939,"journal":{"name":"Sahara J-Journal of Social Aspects of Hiv-Aids","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72745957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}