TESL Canada Journal最新文献

{"title":"The Multimodal Effects of Voice-Based Asynchronous Technology-Mediated Communication on EAP Speaking Performance","authors":"Soroush Sabbaghan, M. Peglar, M. G. Tweedie","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1322","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates how using a voice-based Asynchronous Technology-Mediated Communication framework (ATMC) can affect English for Academic Purposes (EAP) students’ fluency, accuracy, and intelligibility. Research has highlighted the benefits of ATMC in improving various elements of spoken communication, but to date, its application to EAP contexts has been little studied. In EAP speaking/listening courses at a large Canadian university, a team of instructor-researchers developed a system to provide learners more speaking and listening practice opportunities and to give individualized video feedback (veedback) on speaking performance. The instructor-researchers used a practitioner enquiry research methodology to investigate the effectiveness of the voice-based ATMC for 14 participants, drawing upon qualitative data from student interviews and the instructor’s qualitative and quantitative assessment of the students’ responses to tasks. Findings indicate that the system resulted in overall gains in fluency, accuracy, and intelligibility due to a combination of the voice-based ATMC design, repetition and practice, and the veedback. Qualitative comments from participants indicate personalized feedback led to increased motivation. The framework described in this article, therefore, represents several important benefits for the application of voice-based ATMCs in EAP classrooms. \u0000La présente étude examine les façons dont le recours à un cadre de communication asynchrone au moyen de la technologie (ATMC) axé sur la voix peut affecter la maîtrise de la langue, la précision et l’intelligibilité chez les apprenantes et apprenants d’anglais académique. Les recherches ont fait ressortir les avantages de la communication asynchrone au moyen de la technologie pour l’amélioration de divers éléments de la communication orale, mais cette méthode d’enseignement a été peu étudiée jusqu’ici dans des contextes d’anglais académique. Les membres d’une équipe de professeurs-chercheurs actifs dans l’enseignement de l’utilisation et de l’écoute de l’anglais académique dans une grande université canadienne ont élaboré un système permettant de fournir aux apprenantes et apprenants davantage d’occasions d’apprendre à utiliser et à comprendre l’anglais académique en mettant à leur disposition un système de rétroactions personnalisées par vidéo (veedback) qui leur permet de constater la justesse de leur expression orale. L’équipe de professeurs-chercheurs a utilisé une méthodologie de recherche basée sur l’interrogation des praticiens pour examiner l’efficacité de la communication asynchrone au moyen de la technologie axée sur la voix chez 8 participantes et 6 participants à l’aide de données qualitatives obtenues lors d’entrevues avec ces derniers et d’évaluations qualitatives et quantitatives fournies par les enseignantes et enseignants relativement à la réponse des étudiantes et étudiants aux tâches qui leur étaient assignées. L’étude a permis de constater que le systèm","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82994269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Media for Social Inclusion: Barriers to Participation in Target-Language Online Communities","authors":"Ellen Yeh, Nicholas Swinehart","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1325","url":null,"abstract":"Many learners, even those studying at universities in regions where the target language is spoken, lack opportunities for meaningful language use outside of the classroom. One avenue for learners to increase authentic target-language communication is online affi nity spaces within social media platforms, where interactions with other users are formed around shared interests rather than personal connections. International students at an arts and media college in the Midwestern United States were asked to read a discussion thread within a social media platform, summarize what they found useful, and respond to preand pos ask questionnaires. The platform used, Reddit, features anonymous user-generated content in a wide range of discussion forums based around specifi c interests and geographic locations. This study used qualitative data to investigate the extent to which international students participate in online communities like these and the factors or barriers that keep them from achieving full participation. The fi ndings are then used to present learner training strategies that can help reduce or remove those barriers, enabling language learners to increase their participation in targetlanguage online communities.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"154-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81560472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Multimodal Composition and Second Language Teacher Knowledge","authors":"N. Schmidt","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1319","url":null,"abstract":"Before second language writing (SLW) teachers’ digital practices can be supported, their needs must fi rst be understood. To accomplish eff ective technologyenhanced instruction, SLW teachers must blend their knowledge of composition theory, second language acquisition, and multimodal composition technologies. However, many teachers struggle to do this, which highlights the need for research addressing the cognitive aspects that infl uence digital instruction. This case study reports on an investigation of three in-service university SLW teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) during a digital refl ective portfolio module. Data from an online survey, instructional content, classroom observations, and semistructured interviews were triangulated to uncover the nature of SLW teachers’ TPACK, including which factors supported and constrained their use of technology. Findings suggest that pedagogical content knowledge played a dominant role in how the teachers used technology. The teachers’ TPACK was enhanced by professional beliefs about the importance of multimodality and contextual factors involving institutional support and communities of practice. However, it was constrained by limited self-effi cacy and pedagogical beliefs concerning the infl uence of technology on student learning and student engagement. This study contributes to a growing body of research on how to support language teachers in their digitally mediated practices.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88298393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language Teachers' Digital Mindsets: Links Between Everyday Use and Professional Use of Technology","authors":"Sofi a Cementina","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1320","url":null,"abstract":"Innovations in digital technologies have the potential to alter how people think, learn, communicate, and collaborate with others. Whereas changes in technology and its aff ordances have transformed social contexts and learning environments, instructors’ beliefs about digital technologies and pedagogy can aff ect technology integration behaviours and language teaching practices. This study used a twophase approach to gain insights into teachers’ digital mindsets and their personal and professional use of technology. In total, 50 teachers were surveyed regarding their technological beliefs and practices, and, among them, three second language teachers were selected and interviewed. Results illustrate that participants recognized and embraced the aff ordances of digital technologies in their own lives, yet they failed to see their signifi cance in language teaching and learning. Their a itudes and intentions associated with technology uses were compartmentalized; while teachers’ everyday practices were more digital and socially mediated, they struggled to adopt more technology-based teaching practices. Participants identifi ed the lack of training in technology integration in language teaching hindered their use of digital resources, but fi ndings indicate that the teachers’ reluctance to explore emerging technologies and their own technological beliefs and experiences infl uenced their mindset and teaching practices. Implications and recommendations for second language instruction are discussed.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"31-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86906886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language Teachers and Their Trajectories Across Technology-Enhanced Language Teaching: Needs and Beliefs of ESL/EFL Teachers","authors":"Banafsheh Karamifar, Aline Germain‐Rutherford, Sarah Heiser, M. Emke, J. Hopkins, Paul Ernest, Ursula Stickler, R. Hampel","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1321","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we present the initial results of the first phase of our international Research Network, which sets out to revisit the current needs of language teachers in terms of training to achieve the integration of technology within their educational contexts. We focus on the type of needs and their order of priority from the viewpoint of English as a Second/Foreign Language (ESL/EFL) teachers and suggest some recommendations for training programs. These data, collected via an online questionnaire distributed in several countries, were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively in relation to participants’ perceptions of needs regarding language education technology, as well as participants’ perceptions of the “ideal” teacher, and their relation to the use of technology. Results indicate that despite overall satisfaction regarding training received, many teachers mention their need for a posttraining follow-up. They also express interest in developing “learning task design” skills and in exploring course management platforms such as Moodle. Furthermore, while most participants fully or partially agree with the relationship between technology and excellence in language teaching, their definition of the “ideal” language teacher rarely includes the use of technology. A shift in “ideal” teacher beliefs seems, therefore, necessary for better adoption and use of technology in language education. \u0000Dans cet article, nous présentons les premiers résultats de la phase initiale d’une étude effectuée par notre Réseau international de recherche, qui vise à réexaminer les besoins actuels des professeurs de langues en termes de formation sur l'intégration de la technologie dans leur propre contexte éducatif. Nous mettons l’accent sur les types de besoins et leur ordre de priorité du point de vue des professeurs d’anglais langue seconde/langue étrangère (ESL/EFL) en proposant plusieurs recommandations pour les programmes de formation. Les données ont été collectées par le biais d’un questionnaire en ligne distribué dans plusieurs pays, et ont fait l'objet d'une analyse quantitative et qualitativement par rapport aux perceptions des participants sur les besoins en matière de technologie de l'enseignement des langues. Le questionnaire interroge aussi les participants sur leur perception de l'enseignant « idéal », et leur relation avec l'utilisation de la technologie. Les résultats indiquent que malgré la satisfaction générale concernant la formation reçue, de nombreux enseignants mentionnent leur besoin d'avoir un suivi. Ils expriment également leur intérêt à développer des compétences en conception de tâches d’apprentissage et à explorer des plates-formes de gestion des cours comme Moodle. En outre, bien que la plupart des participants reconnaissent un lien positif entre la technologie et l'excellence dans l'enseignement des langues, leur définition du professeur de langues « idéal » inclut rarement l'utilisation de la technologie. Il semble donc nécessaire","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87125158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Cosmopolitan Communicative Competence Through Online Transnational Encounters","authors":"Zhiwei Wu, Xinqiang Li","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1323","url":null,"abstract":"This article reports on a study examining the extent to which pedagogical activities can affect students’ cosmopolitan communicative competence (CCC) through online transnational encounters. A total of 58 students from a Hong Kong university and 25 students from an American university were divided into 25 transnational groups. They communicated with each other through Google Docs, sharing culturally rich texts, exchanging views on these texts, and discussing rhetorical and cultural preferences/differences. After analyzing 90,000-word communication transcripts, we found that most of the students demonstrated and developed their cosmopolitan dispositions, skills, and knowledge. Based on these findings, we discuss how the activity contributed to the students’ CCC by addressing four dialectical relations: historicity–modernity, text–context, self–other, and universality–particularity. The participants were challenged to make seemingly culturally irrelevant texts relevant to the transnational peers by moving the (ancient) texts across time scales and sociocultural contexts. The online communication based on the culturally (ir)relevant texts was a valuable site for the learners to enhance understanding about self and other, and examine the intricacies between universal and particular norms, values, and beliefs. The four dialectical relations can function as a set of heuristics for practitioners and researchers to reframe digital English Language Teaching (ELT) practices from the perspective of cosmopolitanism. \u0000Cet article est un compte rendu d’une etude menee pour permettre de jeter un regard sur la mesure dans laquelle les activites pedagogiques peuvent affecter la competence de communication cosmopolite (CCC) des etudiantes et etudiants grâce a des rencontres internationales en ligne. Un groupe d’etudiantes et etudiants dont 58 provenaient d’une universite hongkongaise et 25, d’une universite americaine, a ete subdivise en 25 groupes transnationaux. Ceux-ci ont communique entre eux dans Google Docs pour partager des textes a forte teneur culturelle, echanger des vues sur leurs textes et discuter de preferences/differences en matiere de contenu stylistique et de culture. Apres avoir analyse des transcriptions d’une longueur globale de 90 000 mots, nous avons ete a meme de constater que la majorite des etudiantes et etudiants possedaient et developpaient des dispositions, des competences et des connaissances cosmopolites. Sur la base de ces constatations, nous avons cherche a voir ce que l’activite avait apporte a la CCC des etudiantes et etudiants en appliquant quatre relations dialectiques : historicite–modernite, texte–contexte, soi–autre et universalite–particularite. Les participantes et participants ont ete mis au defi de prendre des textes en apparence depourvus de pertinence culturelle et de les rendre pertinents a des pairs transnationaux en transposant les textes (anciens) sur des echelles temporelles et a travers divers contextes sociocultu","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"110-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78668054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Reflective Approach to Digital Technology Implementation in Language Teaching: Expanding Pedagogical Capacity by Rethinking Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition","authors":"Paul A. Lyddon","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1327","url":null,"abstract":"As the number of language instructors seeking to implement digital technologies in their teaching continues to grow, so does the need for direction with regard to making pedagogically sound decisions concerning digital tool use. One popular and useful guide for considering the educational potential of digital technologies has been Puentedura’s (2006) Substitution-Augmentation-Modification-Redefinition (SAMR) model, with its four levels of progressive technological integration. However, the degree of technological integration truly possible or even desirable for individual teachers in their given context depends on a number of complex, interrelated, largely non-technological factors, including implementation motives, pedagogical purview, educational philosophy, theory of learning, teaching style, and situational constraints. Generally unconscious, these factors often go ignored, leaving teachers susceptible to technological decisions that can lead them to lose their prescribed pedagogical focus or unwittingly contradict their core professional beliefs. After a brief, situated overview of the SAMR model, this article introduces and illustrates a five-stage SAMR-embedded reflective approach to systematically eliminating irrelevant, unacceptable, and unfeasible instructional uses of technology and, thereby, revealing potential for expanding pedagogical capacity in language teaching. \u0000À mesure que grandit le nombre de professeurs de langue qui cherchent à mettre les technologies numériques au service de leur enseignement, il devient plus important de savoir prendre des décisions pédagogiques judicieuses concernant le recours aux outils numériques. Populaire et utile avec ses quatre niveaux d’intégration progressive de la technologie, le modèle SAMR (Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redéfinition) de Puentedura (2006) a guidé maints utilisateurs intéressés par le potentiel éducatif des technologies numériques. Toutefois, le degré d’intégration technologique effectivement possible ou même désirable pour les professeurs individuels dans leur contexte particulier dépend de facteurs complexes, interdépendants et essentiellement non technologiques tels que les motifs invoqués en faveur du recours à la technologie, le ressort en matière de pédagogie, la philosophie éducative, la théorie de l’apprentissage, le style pédagogique et les contraintes situationnelles. Généralement inconscients, ces facteurs restent souvent ignorés, ce qui risque de confronter les professeurs à des décisions technologiques susceptibles de leur faire perdre la focalisation pédagogique qui leur a été prescrite ou de contredire involontairement leurs convictions professionnelles fondamentales. Après avoir brièvement replacé le modèle SAMR dans son contexte, le présent article introduit et illustre une approche réflective en cinq étapes intégrées au modèle SAMR qui est destinée à éliminer systématiquement les utilisations non pertinentes, inacceptables et irréalisables de la te","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"186-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90759617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"English Learning in the Digital Age: Agency, Technology, and Context","authors":"T. Roose","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"201-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87059233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creating Multimodal Reflections in an IEP Speaking-Listening Course","authors":"C. Macknish","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i3.1326","url":null,"abstract":"Reflection is a crucial element in service-learning and having English as a second language (ESL) students create multimodal reflections on their service-learning experience helps them develop multiliteracies and results in learning that is authentic and meaningful as students engage in social discourse while they develop their academic language and digital skills. Research indicates that integrating multimodal projects in ESL courses has the capacity to promote collaboration and learner autonomy, and improve motivation, self-confidence, and language skills. That said, the purpose for integrating multimodality should be clear, and explicit teaching, scaffolding, monitoring, and feedback are necessary for success. In addition, there are challenges to address. In this article, procedures for creating multimodal reflections using Adobe Spark are explained with reference to learners in an Intensive English Program (IEP) service-learning context, and suggestions are shared on how teachers of all levels can adopt and modify the project for different contexts. Challenges are discussed and assessment tools are presented. \u0000La réflexion étant un élément essentiel du domaine de l’apprentissage par l’expérience axé sur la communauté, il est important que les apprenantes et apprenants d’anglais langue seconde (ESL) créent des réflexions multimodales sur leur expérience d’apprentissage par l’expérience pour les aider à développer des littératies multiples et à acquérir des connaissances authentiques et significatives au moment où ils se socialisent en développant leur expression académique et leurs compétences numériques. Les recherches indiquent que l’intégration de projets multimodaux dans les cours d’anglais langue seconde a le pouvoir de favoriser la collaboration et l’autonomie des apprenantes et apprenants en plus d’en améliorer la motivation, la confiance en soi et les compétences linguistiques. Cela dit, l’objectif de l’intégration de l’intermodalité doit être clairement établi, et le succès de l’entreprise dépendra du caractère explicite de l’enseignement, de l’échafaudage, du suivi et de la rétroaction. Qui plus est, il y a des défis à relever. Dans le présent article, les procédures liées à la création de réflexions multimodales à l’aide d’Adobe Spark sont expliquées en lien avec les apprenantes et apprenants dans un contexte d’apprentissage par l’expérience dans le cadre d’un programme intensif d’anglais (IEP), et des suggestions sont partagées sur la manière dont les enseignantes et enseignants de tous les niveaux peuvent adopter et modifier le projet afin de l’adapter à divers contextes. Des défis sont discutés et des outils d’évaluation sont présentés.","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"173-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80870528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World English 1 (2nd ed.)","authors":"Deniz Toker","doi":"10.18806/tesl.v36i2.1317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18806/tesl.v36i2.1317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45904,"journal":{"name":"TESL Canada Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79630293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}