Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice最新文献

{"title":"The Covid-19 Pandemic’s Forgotten Children","authors":"E. Glasper","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2095863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2095863","url":null,"abstract":"The Covid-19 pandemic has led to significant numbers of fatalities around the world but primarily among older adults and those with underlying health conditions. Children overall have escaped the worst of the physical effects of the pandemic but the toll on their cognitive, emotional, and social development may be greater than first realized. This is exemplified in a recent report published by the English government regulator for education Ofsted. This report reveals that younger children especially have been severely affected by the challenges to normal development attributable to societal impositions which were necessitated in response to the Covid-19 global pandemic (Ofsted, 2022). Ofsted is the English Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills, and the other countries of the United Kingdom and elsewhere across the world have similar bodies. Ofsted’s primary role is to inspect services providing education and skills for learners of all ages. It also inspects and regulate services that care for children and young people. This ongoing global pandemic has caused significant educational disruptions across the entire globe which have impacted on all aspects of children’s lives. Although morbidity and mortality among children has been low when compared to older adults, children’s overall development has undoubtedly been affected. This is attributable to a number of pandemic factors, not least among others being societal lockdowns, school and preschool institutional closures, and mask wearing to halt the spread of the virus (Benner & Mistry, 2020). COMPREHENSIVE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT NURSING 2022, VOL. 45, NO. 3, 227–229 https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2095863","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46040645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Compass for Nursing Specialty Professional Development","authors":"Gail Forrest, Siobhan Fisher","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2065852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2065852","url":null,"abstract":"Undergraduate nursing curricula in Australia are designed to develop a workforce of healthcare professionals who have generalist knowledge and skills to provide high-quality care across the lifespan throughout a variety of health-care settings (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council, 2019; Schwartz, 2019). Review of international pediatric undergraduate nurse education demonstrates similarities between the education structures of Australia (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council, 2019), New Zealand (Nursing Council of New Zealand, 2022), Canada (Canadian National Nursing Assessment Service, 2022), and the United States (Bowling et al., 2018), with primary qualification leading to Registered Nurse status. The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council (2019) requires undergraduate nursing programs to include 800 hours of clinical practice, excluding simulation. Undergraduate nursing exposure to pediatric nursing varies between 4 and 12 weeks of the total undergraduate program depending on the university provider (Boyd-Turner et al., 2016) and access to pediatric placements (Reid-Searl et al., 2021). Foundational training without specialism supports the Australian workforce and service delivery needs across wide and often dispersed geographical locations. Recent years have seen increasing discussions to enhance specialist areas of practice within undergraduate nursing curricula, including the care of children and young people (Schwartz, 2019). Pediatric nursing career pathways in both Australia and the United States are supported by the opportunity to credential as a pediatric nurse (Australian College of Children and Young People’s Nursing, 2019; Paediatric Nursing Certification Board, 2022). However, graduating nurses transitioning into specialized practice areas, such as pediatric, child, and youth mental health and neonatal care, are currently required to rapidly upskill and enhance their specialty knowledge, competency, and capability to provide safe quality care (Annamma & Ahmad, 2019; Maree et al., 2020). In countries such as Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States where undergraduate training structures are not specialism focused, the increasing complexity and acuity of patient care resulting from rapidly evolving medical technology and treatments and extended nursing role scopes in rural and remote practice contexts necessitate early engagement in continuous professional development to support safe pediatric and neonatal practice by skilled and capable nurses (Birkhoff, 2010; Muirhead & Birks, 2020).","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42551246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Foundation Protocol for Feeding Complex Care Neonates and Enablers and Barriers to Its Implementation","authors":"Louise Willson, K. Spence","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2053613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2053613","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A continuing quality improvement project was undertaken as part of a twelve-month Clinical Neonatal Research Fellowship. The project was to develop a cue-based feeding protocol for cardiac surgical neonates with the aim of decreasing the time taken to establish full oral feeds. The aim was expanded to include all complex care infants in NICU as infants with other diagnoses may also benefit from consistency in feeding practices addressing suck feed and also nutrition goals. A review of the literature identified that feeding challenges are not always directly related to an infant’s primary diagnosis. Feeding is not just an activity of daily living (oral milk feeding) but also a term used to describe a therapeutic intervention (enteral nutrition). There is potential mismatch between nutritional requirement, developmental readiness, and suck feed ability in all complex care infants. A six-stage flow diagram was developed that allows for multidisciplinary input. It is presented visually as “steps” increasing in height from left to right. Infant vital signs, hunger, and state cues inform decision-making around oral suck feeding. This includes the provision of “Feeding Associated Experiences.” Individualized variations can be incorporated including existing feeding related protocols. The project demonstrated that it is possible to develop an inclusive, whole of admission feeding protocol that addresses oral suck feed and nutrition goals for complex care infants. Implementation strategies for the project were adapted from a comparable project. A theoretical domains framework was used to identify enablers and barriers to its implementation that will be addressed beyond the Fellowship term. Enablers were the developmental care workplace culture, the protocol’s inclusiveness, a bed chart tool, and other visual references. Barriers to its success were the project unit’s physical environment, the existing developmental care framework, and competing documentation. Adapting implementation strategies used in a similar setting is no guarantee of success. Identifying unique enablers and barriers to implementation will support modification to practice and ongoing change in units caring for complex care infants.","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48886697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Should the Welfare of Therapy Animals Involved in Animal Assisted Interventions Matter to Child Healthcare Researchers and Professionals?","authors":"R. Howe, T. Kroll","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2060377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2060377","url":null,"abstract":"While Animal Assisted Interventions (AAI) have been gaining attention from child health researchers and practitioners over the past three decades, the welfare of the therapy animal has not been so clearly articulated in research reports published. The International Association of Human-Animal Interactions Organizations (IAHAIO, 2018, p. 5) define AAI as a “. . . a goal oriented and structured intervention that intentionally includes or incorporates animals in health, education and human services . . ..” But what of the therapy animal? We must not lose sight of their needs and benefits to the human-animal relationship, or we risk overwork, stress, and even commercialisation of therapy animal services (Serpell et al., 2020). Why should child healthcare researchers and professionals care? It is important that the benefits to humans do not outweigh the welfare of the animal but should be considered in terms of the advantages and disadvantages for both (Glenk, 2017). This commentary will explore the human-animal relationship from a sociological perspective and outline the origins of AAI as well as discussing how the future may unfold. The rising interest of Human Animal Studies (HAS) within academia is linked to the animal protection movement, debate, and interest in animals as a subject worthy of philosophical and ethical inquiry (DeMello, 2012). The moral considerations of animal welfare were highlighted by two humanistic philosophers, Singer (1975) – Animal Liberation, and Regan (1983) – The Case for Animal Rights. They raised concerns around factory farming, especially in relation to excessive usage of crates to house animals, such as pigs, indoors. The intense confinement practices in agriculture, in the 1970s, raised public awareness on animal welfare in the 1980s and led to further exploration in this area through the study of human-animal relationships (Shapiro, 2020). To understand how our relationship with animals developed it is necessary to look at the Human Animal Relationships (HAR) in the sixteenth century when humans and animals lived side-by-side in the time of hunter gatherers. Thomas (1984) discussed the shared vulnerabilities of humans and animals as they shared space to shelter and were open to the same infection risks. These confined spaces meant that humans and animals were quite intimate and more aware of each other and their collective needs for shelter, warmth, and rest. Some philosophers commented upon animal and human relationships as symbiotic, but Clutton-Brock (2012) disagrees since she stated only humans seemed to benefit from the relationship.","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47695319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can a Measles Epidemic Be Avoided in 2022?","authors":"E. Glasper","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2065869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2065869","url":null,"abstract":"As every children’s nurse remembers from their undergraduate education, measles is a highly infectious viral respiratory disease, classically accompanied in the early stages by the appearance of Koplik spots on the inside of the cheeks. These are small white spots named after Dr. Henry Koplik of New York, who first described them in 1896 (Jain & Rathee, 2021). This stage is followed by the emergence of a maculopapular rash that appears about 14 days after the person is exposed. The rash spreads vertically from the head to the trunk and then to the lower extremities. Measles victims typically are considered to be contagious from 4 days before to 4 days after the rash appears. Despite being taught about this and other childhood infectious diseases, most contemporary children’s nurses and other healthcare professionals working in western societies may never have actually seen a child with measles apart from seeing photographic images in a textbook! This is attributable to the success of childhood immunization programs that have in some areas of the world virtually eradicated many of the infectious diseases that used to claim the lives of so many children throughout history up until vaccines became widely available in the twentieth century. However, these infectious diseases such as measles continue to wreak havoc on the lives of children in societies where immunization rates are low. Prior to the availability of the measles vaccine in 1963, major epidemics of the disease occurred approximately every 2–3 years and were responsible for an estimated 2.6 million deaths each year (World Health Organization, 2019). For example, before 1963, 1,000 people developed chronic disability from acute encephalitis caused by measles every year in the United States. Such was the success of the vaccine uptake in the United States that in the year 2000, measles was declared COMPREHENSIVE CHILD AND ADOLESCENT NURSING 2022, VOL. 45, NO. 2, 119–122 https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2065869","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46687021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Adherence among Adolescent Cystic Fibrosis Patients","authors":"S. Tiwari, Rimple Sharma, P. Joshi, S. Kabra","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2035853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2035853","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive monogenic disorder, leads to abnormal exocrine gland secretions. The complex treatment regimen is time-consuming, burdensome, and costly. Poor treatment adherence may result in increased morbidity and mortality, increased healthcare costs, and hospitalizations, resulting in school absenteeism, decreased productivity, impaired well-being, and decreased quality of life in adolescent CF patients. This non-experimental descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with the objective to assess the level of treatment adherence, perceptions, and reasons for non-adherence on 30 adolescents with a documented diagnosis of CF in a Pediatrics Chest Clinic of a tertiary care facility in Northern India using the purposive sampling technique from June 2019 to February 2020. Data were collected using standard CF specific self-report questionnaires. The majority of the adolescents were boys (66.7%) with a mean age of 14.90 ± 2.09 years. Most of the adolescents were adherent to physiotherapy, vitamins, and enzyme supplementations. The most common reason for not doing physiotherapy (36.7%) and exercises (26.7%) was lack of time. For vitamins (46.7%) and enzyme supplementations (60.0%) adolescents with CF reported that they simply forget to take medications. The majority of adolescent felt about right about the physiotherapy (63.3%), vitamin (86.7%), and enzyme supplementations (83.3%). More than half of the participants felt that their exercise level was not enough (53.3%). Majority of adolescent CF patients were having positive perception regarding treatment adherence (86.66%). Treatment adherence is common problem among adolescent CF patients that needs regular reinforcement by healthcare team members on vital components of treatment.","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48532922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial Education for Families with Children Diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes: Consensus from Experts in a Delphi Study","authors":"Isabel Neyra Marklund, Anna-Clara Rullander, Karolina Lindberg, A. Ringnér","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2033351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2033351","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A child’s diagnosis of type 1 diabetes can create major challenges for the family, and early education about the disease is crucial. The aim of this study was to identify and reach expert consensus about the priority of topics for the two initial weeks of education of families with a child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Specialist nurses (n = 15) working with children and adolescents with diabetes at Swedish pediatric clinics participated in a Delphi study. We sent these experts three rounds of a web survey and analyzed their answers using qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistics. The results show the experts’ consensus on the most important educational topics for families of a child diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The highest priority topics were actions for hypo-/hyperglycemia, blood-glucose monitoring, symptoms of hypo-/hyperglycemia and adjustment of insulin. The experts’ top-ranked educational topics were in line with the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes guidelines for educating children with type 1 diabetes and also considered important by children and their families. The topics identified here can help nurses educate children with type 1 diabetes, contribute to further research into type 1 diabetes education, and inform the development of national guidelines.","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42259631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Children Still Seen and Not Heard?","authors":"L. Lines, A. Hutton, J. Grant","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2039037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2039037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41703053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should Coronavirus Vaccination Be Compulsory for Children’s and Young People’s Nurses?","authors":"E. Glasper","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2022.2029098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2022.2029098","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper from the University of Southampton discusses the effort by numerous governments worldwide to make COVID-19 vaccination mandatory for all health care staff.","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43507985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children and Young People’s Experiences of Mental Health Services in Healthcare Settings: An Integrated Review","authors":"Rachael Sarah Kirker, Julie Brown, S. Clarke","doi":"10.1080/24694193.2021.1974605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24694193.2021.1974605","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mental health (MH) issues can affect all children and young people (CYP), and can form a long-term negative impact on their life prospects if left unchecked. It is of utmost importance that CYP’s voices are heard and that they are involved in decision-making and care planning. CYP aged 4–17 years old have provided an invaluable insight into their experiences of mental health services within healthcare settings. This review undertaken as part of a Masters in Advanced Professional Practice explores the CYP’s views and experiences within primary, secondary, and tertiary mental health services. Consequently, the betterment of mental health services for all CYP is sought.","PeriodicalId":45903,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing-Building Evidence for Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42845922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}