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Adapting Hydropower to European Union Water Law: Flexible Governance versus Legal Effectiveness in Sweden and Finland 使水电适应欧盟水法：瑞典和芬兰的灵活治理与法律效力
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000249
Suvi-Tuuli Puharinen, Antti Belinskij, Niko Soininen
{"title":"Adapting Hydropower to European Union Water Law: Flexible Governance versus Legal Effectiveness in Sweden and Finland","authors":"Suvi-Tuuli Puharinen, Antti Belinskij, Niko Soininen","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000249","url":null,"abstract":"In both Sweden and Finland, water law has traditionally provided strong protection for hydropower operations by issuing permanent environmental licences. This national protection has started to erode as a result of the requirement of the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD) for permit reviews to improve the ecological status of rivers. In the light of this dynamic between European and national frameworks, this article compares the Swedish and Finnish implementation of the WFD regarding existing hydropower operations. Whereas Sweden has adopted comprehensive legislative and policy reforms that embrace a systemic perspective on reconciling hydropower with the current societal and ecological circumstances, Finland has relied on bottom-up collaborative processes at the grassroots level. The article shows that both approaches are problematic in so far as they push the boundaries of proper implementation of the WFD and, by extension, the achievement of the ecological objectives of the WFD in waters affected by hydropower. Our comparison highlights tensions between EU law requirements for formal legal effectiveness in national implementation, and the WFD's aspirations for adaptive river basin-based governance.","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139750310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measuring It, Managing It, Fixing It? Data and Rights in Transnational and Local Climate Change Governance 测量、管理、修复？跨国和地方气候变化治理中的数据与权利
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000213
Laura Mai
{"title":"Measuring It, Managing It, Fixing It? Data and Rights in Transnational and Local Climate Change Governance","authors":"Laura Mai","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Paris Agreement, related intergovernmental decisions, and transnational climate change governance initiatives mobilize data as a means of measuring, managing, and addressing changing climatic conditions. At the same time, the Paris Agreement formally acknowledges the human rights implications of the unfolding climate crisis. Given the reliance on data and rights in climate change governance, the aim of this article is twofold. Firstly, it analyzes how processes of datafication at transnational and local levels promise, yet struggle, to render the climate governable. Secondly, the article critically reflects on the capacity of human rights to complement datafied governance processes meaningfully – specifically, in what ways rights can (and cannot) alleviate local concerns regarding datafication. Methodologically, the article develops a perspective that foregrounds situated sense-making and experience in place. It is based on an empirical case study of the Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate &amp; Energy, a transnational alliance of cities that have committed to working towards the goals of the Paris Agreement; and it engages with ethnographic literature that conceptualizes rights as lived forms of meaning-making, articulation, struggle, and resistance. Attending to place, the article confronts problematic assumptions about the universality, neutrality, and representativeness of data and rights, raising critical questions about their capacity to ‘govern’ climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139695965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rights of Nature on the Island of Ireland: Origins, Drivers, and Implications for Future Rights of Nature Movements 爱尔兰岛上的自然权利：爱尔兰岛的自然权利：起源、驱动因素及对未来自然权利运动的影响
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000201
Rachel Killean, Jérémie Gilbert, Peter Doran
{"title":"Rights of Nature on the Island of Ireland: Origins, Drivers, and Implications for Future Rights of Nature Movements","authors":"Rachel Killean, Jérémie Gilbert, Peter Doran","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000201","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the course of 2021, several local councils across the island of Ireland introduced motions recognizing the ‘Rights of Nature’. To date, little research has been conducted into these nascent Rights of Nature movements, even though they raise important questions about the philosophical, cultural, political, and legal drivers in pursuing such rights. Similarly, much remains unclear as to the implications of such initiatives, both in their domestic context and for Rights of Nature movements around the world. This article contributes to addressing this gap by exploring these themes through an analysis of interviews with key stakeholders conducted across the island of Ireland in June 2022. In particular, it explores the impact of international movements, colonial legacies, cultural heritage, and years of inadequate environmental governance, in motivating local councils to pursue a Rights of Nature strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139489838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Rights Turn in Biodiversity Litigation? 生物多样性诉讼的权利转向?
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000171
César Rodríguez-Garavito, David R. Boyd
{"title":"A Rights Turn in Biodiversity Litigation?","authors":"César Rodríguez-Garavito, David R. Boyd","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000171","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on an original database of 49 rights-based biodiversity (RBB) lawsuits filed around the world, this article hypothesizes that rights-based norms and institutions are becoming increasingly important in legal challenges aimed at biodiversity protection. We explain retrospectively the antecedents and characterize early RBB litigation by constructing a typology of cases and legal arguments that litigants and courts have used to establish the connection between biodiversity and rights protection. We then, prospectively, draw on our RBB case database and the trajectory of human rights and climate change (HRCC) litigation to anticipate likely trends, opportunities, and obstacles for future RBB cases. We posit that future RBB cases will build on the foundations laid by pioneering RBB cases, will apply lessons from HRCC litigation, and will systematically frame biodiversity loss as a rights issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138544663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Rising Tide of Rights: Addressing Climate Loss and Damage through Rights-Based Litigation 兴起的权利浪潮:通过权利诉讼解决气候损失和损害
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000183
Margaretha Wewerinke-Singh
{"title":"The Rising Tide of Rights: Addressing Climate Loss and Damage through Rights-Based Litigation","authors":"Margaretha Wewerinke-Singh","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000183","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article offers a comprehensive analysis of rights-based climate litigation aimed at addressing climate change-induced loss and damage, underlining its potential as a transformative force amid the minimal progress towards a coordinated global response on this topic. It builds on literature highlighting the potential of rights-based climate litigation to fill the gap in accountability for climate change and its consequences, noting that research to date has not systematically analyzed the remedies that plaintiffs have sought or secured. By focusing on remedy claims, this study illuminates the capacity and the limitations of such litigation to unlock redress for loss and damage while highlighting its reciprocal relationship with international negotiations. This synergy implies a promising trajectory towards a more equitable climate governance framework, despite the complexities and challenges inherent in this rapidly evolving field.</p>","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138544767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Creating Synergies between International Law and Rights of Nature 创造国际法与自然权利之间的协同效应
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000195
Jérémie Gilbert
{"title":"Creating Synergies between International Law and Rights of Nature","authors":"Jérémie Gilbert","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Against the backdrop of failing environmental governance, rights of nature (RoN) are lauded as the paradigm shift needed to transform law's approach to nature. RoN have been increasingly proclaimed at the domestic level but remain mostly absent from international law. As examined in this article, this is notably as a result of some profound incompatibilities between international law and RoN, including the fact that most international treaties approach nature as a resource to be owned, exploited or protected for the sake of humans. However, despite this dominant approach to nature, some areas of international law, notably under the leadership of Indigenous peoples, are starting to acknowledge a more relational approach to nature, putting forward concepts of care, kinship, and representation of nature in international law. Building on these developments, this article offers a reflection on potential synergies between RoN and international law, specifically by changing the latter's approach to nature. It argues that some of the RoN concepts concerning duty of care, institutional representation of nature's voice, and ecocentrism could serve as a platform to reinterpret some of the anthropocentric principles of international law, creating some potential synergies between RoN and international law.</p>","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138544819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Loss and Damage, Climate Victims, and International Climate Law: Looking Back, Looking Forward 损失与损害、气候受害者与国际气候法:回顾与展望
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000237
Patrick Toussaint
{"title":"Loss and Damage, Climate Victims, and International Climate Law: Looking Back, Looking Forward","authors":"Patrick Toussaint","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000237","url":null,"abstract":"<p>After more than three decades of negotiations, the international response to climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) appears to have come full circle. At COP27, parties to the UNFCCC agreed to establish a multilateral fund to address loss and damage from global temperature rise, an idea that was initially put forward by the Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS) in the early 1990s. Employing a historical critique, which draws upon archival and doctrinal research and interviews with key informants who participated in the early days of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change, this article examines the AOSIS proposal in its wider historical context, and provides reflections for the renewed endeavour to negotiate a multilateral fund on loss and damage, in particular with a view to achieving justice for climate victims.</p>","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138481096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Quest to Close the Accountability Gap in Environmental Law 缩小环境法问责差距的探索
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/S2047102523000225
T. Etty, Josephine A. W. van Zeben, C. Carlarne, Leslie‐Anne Duvic‐Paoli, Bruce R. Huber, Leonie Reins
{"title":"The Quest to Close the Accountability Gap in Environmental Law","authors":"T. Etty, Josephine A. W. van Zeben, C. Carlarne, Leslie‐Anne Duvic‐Paoli, Bruce R. Huber, Leonie Reins","doi":"10.1017/S2047102523000225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2047102523000225","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"11 1","pages":"461 - 468"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139291903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Conceptual Model for Climate Change Mainstreaming in Government 政府将气候变化纳入主流的概念模型
IF 4.3 1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000158
Alice Bleby, Anita Foerster
{"title":"A Conceptual Model for Climate Change Mainstreaming in Government","authors":"Alice Bleby, Anita Foerster","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000158","url":null,"abstract":"‘Mainstreaming’ climate change by embedding climate change considerations in government policies, processes, and operations can bolster the realization of climate mitigation and adaptation goals and reduce risks of counter-productive actions. Some climate laws around the world now contain explicit mainstreaming duties, in parallel with emissions reduction targets and adaptation planning requirements. This article proposes a conceptual model for climate change mainstreaming in government, with two pillars. Firstly, it defines objectives of climate mainstreaming, emphasizing that mainstreaming activities occur along a spectrum of ambition towards a goal of ‘mature mainstreaming’. Secondly, it proposes three complementary pathways to mature mainstreaming – regulatory, institutional, and capacity and capability-building pathways – to classify mainstreaming activities, and barriers to and enablers of mainstreaming. Grounded in empirical insights from a leading jurisdiction (Victoria, Australia), the model can assist governments to clearly articulate mainstreaming objectives and to identify, prioritize, and monitor mainstreaming initiatives to help in achieving their climate policy goals.","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"114 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71507373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transboundary Implications of China's Weather Modification Programme 中国人工影响天气项目的跨境影响
1区 社会学
Transnational Environmental Law Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1017/s2047102523000146
Manon Simon, Jan McDonald, Kerryn Brent
{"title":"Transboundary Implications of China's Weather Modification Programme","authors":"Manon Simon, Jan McDonald, Kerryn Brent","doi":"10.1017/s2047102523000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s2047102523000146","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, China has expanded its national weather modification programme to exploit climatic resources and adapt to climate change. The unprecedented scale of China's weather modification programmes has raised concerns over potential environmental impacts, including transboundary impacts. This article analyzes the domestic governance of weather modification in China and the extent to which this legal framework satisfies China's obligations under customary international law to minimize risks of significant transboundary harm. We find that existing arrangements do not satisfy procedural obligations under customary international law; nor do they adequately address the risks of environmental impacts associated with the increased use of weather modification. Procedures for transboundary environmental impact assessment (EIA) and engagement with regional neighbours are needed for China to comply with international law and promote stability in the region.","PeriodicalId":45716,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Environmental Law","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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