Journal of Professions and Organization最新文献_第10页

Inside the ‘Red Circle’: the production of China’s corporate legal elite “红圈”内部：中国企业法律精英的产生

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joaa006

Jing Zhu, Yang Zhao, Sida Liu

引用次数: 4

Correction to: AI-enabled business models in legal services: from traditional law firms to next-generation law companies? 更正：法律服务中的人工智能商业模式：从传统律师事务所到下一代律师事务所？

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2020-02-12 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3418810

J. Armour, M. Sako

{"title":"Correction to: AI-enabled business models in legal services: from traditional law firms to next-generation law companies?","authors":"J. Armour, M. Sako","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3418810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3418810","url":null,"abstract":"What will happen to law firms and the legal profession when the use of artificial intelligence (AI) becomes prevalent in legal services? We address this question by considering three related levels of analysis: tasks, business models, and organizations. First, we review AI’s technical capabilities in relation to tasks, to identify contexts where it is likely to replace or augment humans. AI is capable of doing some, but not all, legal tasks better than lawyers and is augmented by multidisciplinary human inputs. Second, we identify new business models for creating value in legal services by applying AI. These differ from law firms’ traditional legal advisory business model, because they require technological (non-human) assets and multidisciplinary human inputs. Third, we analyze the organizational structure that complements the old and new business models: the professional partnership (P2) is well-adapted to delivering the legal advisory business model, but the centralized management, access to outside capital, and employee incentives offered by the corporate form appear better to complement the new AI-enabled business models. Some law firms are experimenting with pursuing new and old business models in parallel. However, differences in complements create conflicts when business models are combined. These conflicts are partially externalized via contracting and segregated and realigned via vertical integration. Our analysis suggests that law firm experimentation with aligning different business models to distinct organizational entities, along with ethical concerns, will affect the extent to which the legal profession will become ‘hybrid professionals’.","PeriodicalId":45650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Professions and Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2139/SSRN.3418810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45302699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Between contestation and collaboration: The internal dynamics of multidisciplinary accounting firm responses to institutional pressures 竞争与合作之间:多学科会计师事务所应对制度压力的内部动态

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joaa021

Y. Taminiau, Stefan Heusinkveld

{"title":"Between contestation and collaboration: The internal dynamics of multidisciplinary accounting firm responses to institutional pressures","authors":"Y. Taminiau, Stefan Heusinkveld","doi":"10.1093/jpo/joaa021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joaa021","url":null,"abstract":"The colonization of adjacent professional fields has been considered as crucial to understanding the success and influence of large accounting firms, such as the Big 4. Yet, given the complexities of managing different professional groups, remarkably little is known about the internal dynamics behind large multidisciplinary accounting firms’ external responses to institutional pressures. In this article, we show how exogenous coercive pressure, such as regulation (in this case Dutch accountancy regulations), not only affect the day-to-day work of accountants, but also that of non-accountants such as tax advisors. From the perception of the tax advisors who confront regulations which are not “theirs”, we show how their internal responses evolve and tread a fine line between contestation and collaboration with their colleague accountants/auditors. Using a boundary work perspective, we examine this shift in responses and explain how tensions between professional groups may be reduced. Overall, our study not only furthers our insights into the internal dynamics behind PSFs’ (Professional Service Firms’) external responses, but also sheds light on why professional groups stay on board despite unfavorable internal conditions.","PeriodicalId":45650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Professions and Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/jpo/joaa021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61681917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Professionalization through symbolic and social capital: Evidence from the careers of elite consultants 通过象征和社会资本实现专业化：来自精英顾问职业生涯的证据

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joz014

M. Kipping, F. Bühlmann, Thomas David

{"title":"Professionalization through symbolic and social capital: Evidence from the careers of elite consultants","authors":"M. Kipping, F. Bühlmann, Thomas David","doi":"10.1093/jpo/joz014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joz014","url":null,"abstract":"This article contributes to the debate about how more recent professions, especially those related to management, might achieve a semblance of ‘professionalism’ in the absence of the conditions that facilitated the creation of the traditional professions such as medicine, law or accounting in the 19th century. Much of the recent literature has either argued that these professions had to rely on some form of ‘image professionalism’ or that the professionalization process was ‘captured’ by the dominant firms within the professional field, with the aim of creating corporate, firm-internal rather than open labor markets for these professionals. Building on Bourdieu’s notions of symbolic and social capital, we suggest an alternative pathway to professionalization in stratified professional fields. We namely argue that a career at one of the ‘elite’ professional service firms (PSFs) can provide privileged access to positions at other firms within the same field. Hence, such a career constitutes a form of closure regime and allows, at least to some degree, the external labor mobility so typical of traditional professions. We explore this alternative pathway to professionalization by analyzing a novel and unique historical data set of former McKinsey consultants, identifying a number of boundary conditions that seem to facilitate such intraprofessional careers and others, which, over time, might weaken it. We conclude by pointing to a number of broader contributions from our research.","PeriodicalId":45650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Professions and Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/jpo/joz014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42166538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Collegiality as political work: Professions in today’s world of organizations 大学作为政治工作：当今组织世界的职业

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2019-10-24 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joz016

J. Denis, G. Veronesi, C. Régis, Sabrina Germain

{"title":"Collegiality as political work: Professions in today’s world of organizations","authors":"J. Denis, G. Veronesi, C. Régis, Sabrina Germain","doi":"10.1093/jpo/joz016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joz016","url":null,"abstract":"Collegiality is frequently portrayed as an inherent characteristic of professions, associated with normative expectations autonomously determined and regulated among peers. However, in advanced modernity other modes of governance responding to societal expectations and increasing state reliance on professional expertise often appear in tension with conditions of collegiality. This article argues that collegiality is not an immutable and inherent characteristic of the governance of professional work and organizations; rather, it is the result of the ability of a profession to operationalize the normative, relational, and structural requirements of collegiality at work. This article builds on different streams of scholarship to present a dynamic approach to collegiality based on political work by professionals to protect, maintain, and reformulate collegiality as a core set of principles governing work. Productive resistance and co-production are explored for their contribution to collegiality in this context, enabling accommodation between professions and organizations to achieve collective objectives and serving as a vector of change and adaptation of professional work in contemporary organizations. Engagement in co-production influences the ability to materialize collegiality at work, just as the maintenance and transformation of collegiality will operate in a context where professions participate and negotiate compromises with others legitimate modes of governance. Our arguments build on recent studies and hypotheses concerning the interface of professions and organizations to reveal the political work that underlies the affirmation and re-affirmation of collegiality as a mode of governance of work based on resistance and co-production.","PeriodicalId":45650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Professions and Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/jpo/joz016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45900412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Counter-rhetoric and sources of enduring conflict in contested organizational fields: A case study of mental health professionals 在有争议的组织领域中，反修辞和持久冲突的来源:心理健康专业人员的案例研究

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joz013

R. Fincham, T. Forbes

引用次数: 3

Towards a ‘client professionalization’ process? The case of the institutionalization of executive coaching in France 走向“客户专业化”进程？法国行政教练制度化案例

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joz012

Scarlett Salman

{"title":"Towards a ‘client professionalization’ process? The case of the institutionalization of executive coaching in France","authors":"Scarlett Salman","doi":"10.1093/jpo/joz012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joz012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Drawing on the ‘corporate professionalization’ model (Kipping, Kirkpatrick, and Muzio 2006; Muzio et al. 2011) of new strategies adopted by managerial occupations, this article explores professionalization processes taking into account the role of the client. Based on an analysis of the professionalization of executive coaching, it demonstrates the influence of the client organizations in such processes, at a collective and institutional level. This influence tends to favor new professionalization strategies of differentiation, regulation, and dissemination. The article suggests that this influence does not necessarily limit the power of corporate professionals, at least in the institutionalization phase, especially if we redefine power as consisting ‘not in restriction and exclusion, but in extension and linking’ (Eyal 2013: 876). Framed primarily to analyze corporate occupations practiced by independent professionals, the ‘client professionalization’ model suggests better taking into account the influence of client organizations in further research on professionalization processes, in line with the research conducted on ‘client capture’ (Leicht and Fennell 2001; Dinovitzer, Gunz, and Gunz, 2014). By studying an emergent corporate profession that is practiced by self-employed, solo practitioners and freelancers, which have been largely overlooked in the literature, this article contributes overall to a more diverse understanding of corporate professions and the ways in which they professionalize.","PeriodicalId":45650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Professions and Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/jpo/joz012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49253002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Fragmented fields: Professionalisms and work settings in Italian management consultancy 零散领域：意大利管理咨询公司的专业和工作环境

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joz011

Lara Maestripieri

{"title":"Fragmented fields: Professionalisms and work settings in Italian management consultancy","authors":"Lara Maestripieri","doi":"10.1093/jpo/joz011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joz011","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Management consultancy has long been a contested terrain in the sociology of the professions. Although the professionalism of management consultants has always been emphasized by practitioners themselves, the lack of a strong community of peers has been an impediment to their professionalization. In this article, I argue that professionalism is not the outcome of a process of regulation and institutionalization but that it has to be conceived a discourse comprising norms, worldviews, and values that define what is appropriate for an individual to be considered a competent and recognized member of this community. Given the diversity characterizing the field, there are multiple discourses surrounding professionalism of management consultants, and these discourses are shaped by work settings. Work settings are a combination of the type of organization professional partnership or professional service firm and the employment status (employee or self-employed). Drawing on the empirical evidence from various work settings (professional service firms, professional partnership, and self-employment), I investigate four clusters of practitioners identified in 55 biographical and semi-structured interviews conducted with management consultants in Italy. Four types of professionalism emerge from the clusters. Organizing professionalism is the sole professionalism that appears in all work settings. Other discourses (corporate, commercialized, and hybrid professionalism) are context-dependent and more likely to be found in specific work settings.","PeriodicalId":45650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Professions and Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/jpo/joz011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47559338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Gatekeeping and our moral fabric: Has social capital deterioration vanquished professional oversight? 守门人和我们的道德结构:社会资本的恶化是否已经取代了专业监督?

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joz010

L. Bierman, R. Brymer, Scott B. Dust, Hyunseo Hwang

引用次数: 2

Opening the black box of PSF network internationalization: An exploration of law firm networks 打开PSF网络国际化的黑箱:律师事务所网络探索

IF 2.2

Journal of Professions and Organization Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/jpo/joz015

Rany Salvoldi, David M. Brock

{"title":"Opening the black box of PSF network internationalization: An exploration of law firm networks","authors":"Rany Salvoldi, David M. Brock","doi":"10.1093/jpo/joz015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpo/joz015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article advances our understanding of network internationalization by professional service firms. We address gaps in the literature concerning the various kinds of networks; their role in international strategies, including learning, and knowledge transfer; and their structural and governance mechanisms. Concentrating on the network dependency of 177 European law firms, we analyse and summarize their structural and governance tendencies. Then we develop a typology of seven international peer networks. The seven types identified are: ‘Loose’, a network of disconnected actors, where exchange is mostly limited to referrals; ‘Constricted’, referral-based networks aimed at optimizing exchange flows and cooperation; ‘Focused’, networks aimed at a specific sector or specialty; ‘Friends’, informal, non-exclusive networks; ‘Exclusives’, formal alliances or cooperative relations; ‘Monogamous’, well-established, broad, longstanding, and close relationships; and ‘Isolated’, project-related alliances of limited duration. We conclude with a discussion that considers this typology in light of possible intangible outcomes of membership and proposes how this might be extended in future research.","PeriodicalId":45650,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Professions and Organization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/jpo/joz015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42497126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6