Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory最新文献

{"title":"Dependency network-based approach to the implicit structure and semantic diffusion modes of semantic prosody","authors":"Jianpeng Liu, Luyao Zhang, Xiaohui Bai","doi":"10.1515/cllt-2020-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2020-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper studies the implicit structures and the diffusion modes of semantic prosody on the dependency networks of some English words such as cause and their Chinese equivalents. It is found that the structure of semantic prosody is a bi-stratified network consisting of a few large clusters gathering in the center with most nodes of low dependency capability scattered around. With regard to the diffusion modes, results show that: (i) within one shortest path length, the core words directly attract the nodes with the same or similar semantic characteristics and exclude those with conflicting ones, creating the clearest and the most intense semantic diffusion; (ii) over one shortest path length, semantic diffusion is achieved through content words or function words, and the semantic diffusion modes created with function words as bridges are relatively vaguer and more complicated ones. This conclusion also results in the semantic prosodies of other English words and their Chinese equivalent words, revealing, to some extent, a common cognitive approach to understanding the internal structure and the diffusion modes of semantic prosody.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"18 1","pages":"505 - 541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/cllt-2020-0021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43439609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjective–noun compounds in Mandarin: a study on productivity","authors":"Tian Shen, R. Baayen","doi":"10.1515/cllt-2020-0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2020-0059","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In structuralist linguistics, compounds are argued not to constitute morphological categories, due to the absence of systematic form-meaning correspondences. This study investigates subsets of compounds for which systematic form-meaning correspondences are present: adjective–noun compounds in Mandarin. We show that there are substantial differences in the productivity of these compounds. One set of productivity measures (the count of types, the count of hapax legomena, and the estimated count of unseen types) reflect compounds’ profitability. By contrast, the category-conditioned degree of productivity is found to correlate with the internal semantic transparency of the words belonging to a morphological category. Greater semantic transparency, gauged by distributional semantics, predicts greater category-conditioned productivity. This dovetails well with the hypothesis that semantic transparency is a prerequisite for a word formation process to be productive.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"18 1","pages":"543 - 572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/cllt-2020-0059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41374744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Information Structure–prosody interface in text-to-speech technologies. An empirical perspective","authors":"Mónica Domínguez, M. Farrús, L. Wanner","doi":"10.1515/CLLT-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The correspondence between the communicative intention of a speaker in terms of Information Structure and the way this speaker reflects communicative aspects by means of prosody have been a fruitful field of study in Linguistics. However, text-to-speech applications still lack the variability and richness found in human speech in terms of how humans display their communication skills. Some attempts were made in the past to model one aspect of Information Structure, namely thematicity for its application to intonation generation in text-to-speech technologies. Yet, these applications suffer from two limitations: (i) they draw upon a small number of made-up simple question-answer pairs rather than on real (spoken or written) corpus material; and (ii) they do not explore whether any other interpretation would better suit a wider range of textual genres beyond dialogs. In this paper, two different interpretations of thematicity in the field of speech technologies are examined: the state-of-art binary (and flat) theme-rheme, and the hierarchical thematicity defined by Igor Mel’čuk within the Meaning-Text Theory. The outcome of the experiments on a corpus of native speakers of US English suggests that the latter interpretation of thematicity has a versatile implementation potential for text-to-speech applications of the Information Structure–prosody interface.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"18 1","pages":"419 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42643695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lexically specific accumulation in memory of word and segment speech rates","authors":"Esther L. Brown, William D. Raymond, E. K. Brown, Richard J. File-Muriel","doi":"10.1515/CLLT-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Variability abounds in speech. According to usage-based accounts, lexical representations reflect phonetic variants of words resulting from contextual conditioning. Because faster speech contexts promote durational shortening of words and segments, words that occur more often in fast speech may be more reduced than words commonly used in slow speech, independent of the target’s contextual speech rate. To test this, linear mixed-effects models including a word form’s ratio of conditioning by fast speech contexts (FRCRATE) are used to predict the duration of Spanish /s/ and words containing /s/ in a corpus of spoken Spanish. Results show that words’ cumulative exposure to relatively fast speech affects phonetic realizations independent of factors operative in the production contexts. Thus, word and segment rates reflect cumulative (lexicalized) effects of words’ experience in fast speech contexts. The results suggest that lexically specific cumulative measures should be incorporated into models of linguistic variation and change.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"17 1","pages":"625 - 651"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43028083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A corpus-based study of the time orientation of qian “front” and hou “back” in Chinese","authors":"Shuqiong Wu","doi":"10.1515/CLLT-2020-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on corpus data and adopting a behavioral profile approach, this study examines the time orientation of Chinese words qian “front” and hou “back.” The corpus analysis yields the following findings. First, the primary temporal meaning of qian and hou is indicating time sequence, with qian meaning “earlier” and hou meaning “later.” Second, Chinese speakers tend to conceptualize the future as being ahead of them and the past behind them. Both qian and hou are found to refer to the past and the future. Their contradictory usage arises from the lack of a distinction between Ego-Reference-Point and Time-Reference-Point. Third, qian and hou are used mainly in five constructions as temporal words. Their constructional profiles reveal that their time orientation correlates with the constructions in which they occur. Based on the corpus results, I also discuss the motivations underlying their time orientation in various constructions and argue that their time orientation stems from an interplay of temporal metaphors, the constructions in which they occur, and context. These findings suggest that speakers’ metaphorical representations of time are shaped by a multitude of factors rather than single space-to-time mappings.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"18 1","pages":"447 - 475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42983414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why don’t grammaticalization pathways always recur?","authors":"Malte Rosemeyer, Eitan Grossman","doi":"10.1515/CLLT-2020-0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Many grammaticalization pathways recur across languages. A prominent explanation for this is that the properties of lexical items determine their developmental pathways. However, it is unclear why these pathways do not always occur. In this article, we ask why English did not undergo a cross-linguistically common grammaticalization pathway, finish > anterior. We operationalize this question by testing a theory proposed on results regarding a language that did undergo this change, Spanish, on corpus and experimental data. While English finish constructions are associated with some of the distributional properties of Early Spanish finish, speakers do not show evidence of conventionally associating finish constructions with a particular type of inference crucial for the grammaticalization of the Spanish anterior. We propose that the non-conventionality of this inference blocks the grammaticalization of finish constructions in English, demonstrating that some of the black box of language change currently attributed to chance can be explored empirically.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"17 1","pages":"653 - 681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42194021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-emptive interaction in language change and ontogeny: the case of [there is no NP]","authors":"Vittorio Tantucci, Matteo Di Cristofaro","doi":"10.1515/CLLT-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study is centred on the pre-emptive dimension of interactional exchanges. Dialogues are not merely characterised by information transmission, they are also constantly informed by pre-emptive attempts to address potential reactions to what is being said. We argue that pre-emptive interaction intersects with intersubjectivity (i.a. Traugott, Elizabeth C. 2003. From subjectification to intersubjectification. In R. Hickey (ed.), Motives for language change, 124–139. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Schwenter, Scott A. & Richard Waltereit. 2010. Presupposition accommodation and language change. In K. Davidse & L. Vandelanotte (eds.), Subjectification, intersubjectification and grammaticalization, 75–102. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton; Tantucci, Vittorio. 2017a. From immediate to extended intersubjectification: A gradient approach to intersubjective awareness and semasiological change. Language and Cognition 9(1). 88–120; Tantucci, Vittorio. 2020. From co-actionality to extended intersubjectivity: Drawing on language change and ontogenetic development. Applied Linguistics 41(2). 185–214) and constitutes an important trigger of semantic-pragmatic reanalysis and constructional change. We provide a corpus-based study centred on the change of the [there is no NP] construction in Early Modern English dialogic interaction. During 16th century, the chunk is originally used in assertions, however it then progressively acquires a new function of pre-emptive refusal. Something similar is at stake throughout the child’s ontogeny. We provide corpus-based data from the CHILDES database of first language acquisition to show that children’s ability to use [there is no NP] to address potential reactions to what is being said occurs only around the fourth year of age, that is when a Theory of Mind (ToM) starts to become fully developed (i.a. Apperly, Ian. 2010. Mindreaders: The cognitive basis of theory of mind. New York: Psychology Press; Wellman, Henry M. 2014. Making minds: How theory of mind develops. Oxford: Oxford University Press). Pre-emptive interaction correlates diachronically and ontogentically with ToM and underpins a projected turn taking of a specific or generic interlocutor as a result of what is being currently said.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"17 1","pages":"715 - 742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/CLLT-2020-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41945086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using automated methods to explore the social stratification of anglicisms in Spanish","authors":"Jacqueline Serigos","doi":"10.1515/cllt-2019-0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2019-0052","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traditionally, automated methods for loanword detection have not received an abundance of attention within the field of language contact. However, as research on loanwords has begun utilizing corpora with word counts in the millions, these generous quantities of data pose challenges for traditional methods of linguistic annotation. This paper presents a method for automatically detecting anglicisms within Spanish text and presents a case study, applying this method to explore the social stratification of anglicisms in Argentine media. The findings of the case study suggest that anglicisms may function as prestige markers in Argentina, which may be a logical consequence of the mode of contact: those of upper socio-economic status have greater access to outlets where loanwords seem to emerge, such as the media, Internet, and second language education.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"18 1","pages":"391 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/cllt-2019-0052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48967337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The traceback method and the early constructicon: theoretical and methodological considerations","authors":"Nikolas Koch, S. Hartmann, Antje Endesfelder Quick","doi":"10.1515/cllt-2020-0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2020-0045","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Usage-based approaches assume that children’s early utterances are item-based. This has been demonstrated in a number of studies using the traceback method. In this approach, a small amount of “target utterances” from a child language corpus is “traced back” to earlier utterances. Drawing on a case study of German, this paper provides a critical evaluation of the method from a usage-based perspective. In particular, we check how factors inherent to corpus data as well as methodological choices influence the results of traceback studies. To this end, we present four case studies in which we change thresholds and the composition of the main corpus, use a cross-corpus approach tracing one child’s utterances back to another child’s corpus, and reverse and randomize the target utterances. Overall, the results show that the method can provide interesting insights—particularly regarding different pathways of language acquisition—but they also show the limitations of the method.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"18 1","pages":"477 - 504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/cllt-2020-0045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43138083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the benefits of structural equation modeling for corpus linguists","authors":"Tove Larsson, Luke Plonsky, G. Hancock","doi":"10.1515/cllt-2020-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cllt-2020-0051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present article aims to introduce structural equation modeling, in particular measured variable path models, and discuss their great potential for corpus linguists. Compared to other techniques commonly employed in the field such as multiple regression, path models are highly flexible and enable testing a priori hypotheses about causal relations between multiple independent and dependent variables. In addition to increased methodological versatility, this technique encourages big-picture, model-based reasoning, thus allowing corpus linguists to move away from the, at times, somewhat overly simplified mindset brought about by the more narrow null-hypothesis significance testing paradigm. The article also includes commentary on corpus linguistics and its trajectory, arguing in favor of increased cumulative knowledge building.","PeriodicalId":45605,"journal":{"name":"Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory","volume":"17 1","pages":"683 - 714"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/cllt-2020-0051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48422002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}