Journal of Financial Economic Policy最新文献

{"title":"The impact of formal and informal credit institutions on entrepreneurship","authors":"Alina Malkova","doi":"10.1108/jfep-01-2024-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-01-2024-0014","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>How do informal lending institutions affect entrepreneurship? This paper aims to investigates the role of formal and informal credit market institutions in the decision to become an entrepreneur over the life cycle.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>The author developed a dynamic Roy model in which a decision to become an entrepreneur depends on the access to formal and informal credit markets, nonpecuniary benefits of entrepreneurship, career-specific entry costs, prior work experience, education, unobserved abilities and other labor market opportunities (salaried employment and nonemployment). Using detailed Russian panel microdata (the Russia longitudinal monitoring survey) and estimating a structural model of labor market decisions and borrowing options, the author assesses the impact of the development of informal and formal credit institutions.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The expansion of traditional (formal) credit market institutions positively impacts all workers’ categories, reduces the share of entrepreneurs who borrow from informal sources and incentivizes low-type entrepreneurs to switch to salaried employment. The development of the informal credit market reduces the percentage of high-type entrepreneurs who borrow from formal sources. In the case of default, a higher value of the social network or higher costs of losing social ties demotivate low-type entrepreneurs to borrow from informal sources. The author highlights the practical implications of estimates by evaluating policies designed to promote entrepreneurship, such as subsidies and accessibility regulations in credit market institutions.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This study contributes to the literature in several ways. Unlike other studies that focus on individual characteristics in the selection for self-employment [Humphries (2017), Hincapíe (2020), Gendron-Carrier (2021), Dillon and Stanton (2017)], the paper models labor and borrowing decisions jointly. Previous studies discuss transitions between salaried employment and self-employment, taking into account entrepreneurial earnings, wealth, education and age, but do not consider the availability of financial institutions as a driving factor for the selection into self-employment. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper shows for the first time that the transition from salaried employment to self-employment is standard and consistent with changes in access to financial institutions. Another feature of this study is incorporating both types of credit markets – formal and informal. The survey by the European Central Bank on the Access to Finance of Enterprises (2018) shows 18% of small and medium enterprise in EU pointed funds from family or friends. Therefore, the exclusion from consideration of informal credit markets may distort the understanding of the role of the accessibility of credit markets.</p>","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The absorptive capacity of the institution in the link between remittances and financial development in Africa: an advance panel regression","authors":"James Temitope Dada, Emmanuel Olayemi Awoleye, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan, Mosab I. Tabash","doi":"10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0058","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>The purpose of this study is to examine institutional quality’s absorptive capacity in African countries’ remittances-finance nexus.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>A balanced panel data set of thirty African countries between 2000 and 2022 is used for the study. The study adopts an augmented mean group (AMG), method of moment quantile regression (MMQR) and two-step system generalized method of moment (2SGMM) as the estimation techniques due to the nature of the data set.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The findings of the direct effect reveal that remittances do not constitute the growth of financial development, while institutional quality promotes the growth of financial development in the long. The moderating effect of institutional quality in the linkages shows that the interactive term of institutional quality and remittances has a significant positive effect on financial development in the region. Hence, institutional quality moderates the impact of remittances. These results are robust to different proxies of financial development and estimates obtained from MMQR and 2SGMM.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>This study, therefore, suggests that institutional quality is essential in the linkages between remittances and financial development. Hence, remittances should be seen as one of the instruments that can be used to develop the financial sector rather than survival mechanisms for households.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>This study contributes to the literature by unearthing the absorptive capacity of institutional quality in the nexus between remittances and financial development in African countries, which extant studies have neglected.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial inclusion and household consumption behaviour in Ghana","authors":"Eric Abokyi, Giulia Bettin","doi":"10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0048","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This study aims to investigate the relationship between financial inclusion and household expenditure behaviour among Ghanaian households, by taking into account both formal and informal financial inclusion channels.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>Propensity score matching as well as instrumental variable techniques are applied to data from the Ghana Living Standard Survey to investigate the effect of financial inclusion on the share of total expenditure devoted to different categories, including food, health, education, housing, durables, temptation goods and other goods.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>Informal financial inclusion seems to have no substantial effect on households’ consumption behaviour, whereas formal financial inclusion significantly affects it. The study finds that formal financial inclusion is inversely related to the budget share devoted to short-term expenditure (food, temptation goods and other goods such as transport and recreation). Conversely, financially included households spend more on long-term expenditure such as education, housing and consumer durables, thus, suggesting a diversion effect towards investment in long-term physical and human capital.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>The investigation of the heterogeneous impact across households (male vs female headed, rural vs urban) has essential policy implications on how financial inclusion can be improved among the disadvantaged groups, and with what effects.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The study focuses on the importance of financial inclusion in Ghana, considering both formal and informal financial inclusion channels. Previous studies only examined the overall effects on household welfare, overlooking the impact on household expenditure composition and consumption shares. The analysis also considers the heterogeneous impact of financial inclusion on households based on the gender of the household head and the location where households reside (rural, urban).</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why do Indian exporting firms borrow in foreign currency?","authors":"Lilu Bhoi","doi":"10.1108/jfep-11-2023-0326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-11-2023-0326","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>Since the liberalization policy of 1991, India has focused on export-led growth. However, the performance of international trade remains poor. This study aims to examine the role of credit constraints on the choice of Indian manufacturing firms to borrow in foreign currency. First, it explores the role of export activities in foreign currency borrowing (FCB). Second, it investigates how credit constraints forced these firms for foreign currency loans.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>The study analysed data from 1,412 firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange in the manufacturing sector, covering the period from 1991 to 2022. A random effects probit model was used to examine the role of credit constraints on FCB, incorporating the influence of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) status and export activities. Additionally, a two-step system-generalized method of moment was used for robustness checks.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>Export activities significantly influence FCB, with exporting firms showing a higher propensity to borrow foreign currency compared to domestically operating firms because of the increased funding needs of export activities. Larger firms are more likely to secure FCB than MSMEs, benefiting from collateral advantages. MSME exporting firms exhibit a higher tendency to borrow in foreign currency compared to large exporting firms.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Research limitations/implications</h3>\u0000<p>This study focuses on firm-level data and considers only demand-side credit constraints. It does not examine supply-side credit constraints affecting FCB.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Social implications</h3>\u0000<p>This study underscores the credit constraints faced by MSME exporters in the domestic market, leading them to rely on FCB. These insights are valuable for policymakers aiming to reduce MSMEs' dependency on FCB and enhance their export performance.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The findings highlight that MSME exporting firms are more inclined to borrow in foreign currency than their larger counterparts. This tendency is driven by the credit constraints MSMEs face because of asymmetric information and underdeveloped financial markets, which compel them to seek FCB.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatility dynamics in energy and agriculture markets: An analysis of domestic and global uncertainty factors","authors":"Simran  , Anil K. Sharma","doi":"10.1108/jfep-12-2023-0398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-12-2023-0398","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This study aims to explore the intricate relationship between uncertainty indicators and volatility of commodity futures, with a specific focus on agriculture and energy sectors.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>The authors analyse the volatility of Indian agriculture and energy futures using the GARCH-MIDAS model, taking into account different types of uncertainty factors. The evaluation of out-sample predictive capability involves the application of out-sample <em>R</em>-squared test and computation of various loss functions.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The research outcomes underscore the significant impact of diverse uncertainty factors such as domestic economic policy uncertainty (EPU), global EPU (GEPU), US EPU and geopolitical risk (GPR) on long-run volatility of Indian energy and agriculture (agri) futures. Additionally, the study demonstrates that GPR exhibits superior predictive capability for crude oil futures volatility, while domestic EPU stands out as an effective predictor for agri futures, particularly castor seed and guar gum.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>The study offers practical implications for market participants and policymakers to adopt a comprehensive perspective, incorporating diverse uncertainty factors, for informed decision-making and effective risk management in commodity markets.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>The research makes an inaugural attempt to examine the impact of domestic and global uncertainty indicators on modelling and predicting volatility in energy and agri futures. The distinctive feature of considering an emerging market also adds a novel dimension to the research landscape.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the hedge and safe haven properties of individual commodities for China and United States equity sectors","authors":"Asima Siddique","doi":"10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the safe haven benefits of 13 individual commodities for the USA and Chinese equity sectors during the financial turmoil period. Therefore, sectoral investors in the USA and China could invest in those specific commodities that provide stable returns during the health crisis and financial turmoil periods.\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The daily data spans from February 1, 2015, to July 28, 2022. The present study applies several different approaches to analyzing the data set. The author apply the cross-quantilogram (C.Q) methodology to capture the lead-lag bivariate quantile interdependence between two stationary time series variables during the bearish, bullish and normal periods. Then the study used the hedging effectiveness (HE) and conditional diversification benefits (CDB) approaches to capture the hedging and diversification benefits of commodity classes and individual commodities.\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The noteworthy findings of the quantilogram methodology reveal that livestock and agriculture commodities serve as better refuges as compared to the precious metals and energy index in both countries. On average, precious metals failed to serve as safe haven investments for the USA and Chinese equity market sectors. All energy commodities except soybean oil had strong comovements with China and the US equity sectors during bearish, bullish and normal periods. Lean hogs, fiddler cattle and live cattle are perfect hedging assets for both countries due to the presence of blue color at normal and bullish periods in all C.Q heat-maps. The HE table depicts that commodity indices and individual commodities failed to serve as hedging assets for the Chinese equity sectors. But commodities are semistrong hedging assets for the US equity sectors and the S&P 500 due to the average HE values being 0.7 and above. The CDB values depict that precious metals provide diversification benefits in both equity markets.\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The present study results have important implications for equity sector investors of the USA and China in suggesting particular commodity during the financial turmoil period. During the bearish market condition, risk averse equity sector investors can invest in livestock commodities and agriculture commodities, due to their relatively stable returns. In addition, policymakers can use the analysis insights to formulate policy tools and monitoring mechanisms, effectively mitigating the unfavorable effects arising from asymmetric dependence between commodities and equity sectors during the upper tail, middle and lower tail. Policymakers can suggest equity investors to invest in which commodity during extreme conditions.\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The current study has the following points of originality. First, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the individual commodities’ roles as safe havens taken from all four major commodity classes. More importantly, ","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141919279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the hedge and safe haven properties of individual commodities for China and United States equity sectors","authors":"Asima Siddique","doi":"10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose\u0000The purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the safe haven benefits of 13 individual commodities for the USA and Chinese equity sectors during the financial turmoil period. Therefore, sectoral investors in the USA and China could invest in those specific commodities that provide stable returns during the health crisis and financial turmoil periods.\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The daily data spans from February 1, 2015, to July 28, 2022. The present study applies several different approaches to analyzing the data set. The author apply the cross-quantilogram (C.Q) methodology to capture the lead-lag bivariate quantile interdependence between two stationary time series variables during the bearish, bullish and normal periods. Then the study used the hedging effectiveness (HE) and conditional diversification benefits (CDB) approaches to capture the hedging and diversification benefits of commodity classes and individual commodities.\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The noteworthy findings of the quantilogram methodology reveal that livestock and agriculture commodities serve as better refuges as compared to the precious metals and energy index in both countries. On average, precious metals failed to serve as safe haven investments for the USA and Chinese equity market sectors. All energy commodities except soybean oil had strong comovements with China and the US equity sectors during bearish, bullish and normal periods. Lean hogs, fiddler cattle and live cattle are perfect hedging assets for both countries due to the presence of blue color at normal and bullish periods in all C.Q heat-maps. The HE table depicts that commodity indices and individual commodities failed to serve as hedging assets for the Chinese equity sectors. But commodities are semistrong hedging assets for the US equity sectors and the S&P 500 due to the average HE values being 0.7 and above. The CDB values depict that precious metals provide diversification benefits in both equity markets.\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The present study results have important implications for equity sector investors of the USA and China in suggesting particular commodity during the financial turmoil period. During the bearish market condition, risk averse equity sector investors can invest in livestock commodities and agriculture commodities, due to their relatively stable returns. In addition, policymakers can use the analysis insights to formulate policy tools and monitoring mechanisms, effectively mitigating the unfavorable effects arising from asymmetric dependence between commodities and equity sectors during the upper tail, middle and lower tail. Policymakers can suggest equity investors to invest in which commodity during extreme conditions.\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The current study has the following points of originality. First, to the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the individual commodities’ roles as safe havens taken from all four major commodity classes. More importantly, ","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141919454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does macroprudential policy have any side effects on the shadow economy?","authors":"Dinh Trung Nguyen, Nguyen Hanh Luu","doi":"10.1108/jfep-11-2023-0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-11-2023-0330","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This paper aims to examine the impacts of macroprudential policy on the shadow economy worldwide.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>We compile a panel dataset covering 125 countries from 1990 to 2018. This paper mitigates potential endogeneity issues via two-stage least squares and the two-step generalized method of moments (GMM).</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The robust results show that the overall tightening of macroprudential policies exerts an expansion impact on the shadow economy. Further examination of the 16 individual macroprudential policy instruments finds that loan restrictions, countercyclical buffers, surcharges for systemically important financial institutions and capital conservation buffers have positive and statistically significant effect on the shadow economy. This relationship is only present during tightening episodes of macroprudential policy as loosening episodes do not exhibit any significant impact. Finally, this paper documents the nonlinear effects of macroprudential policy.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Practical implications</h3>\u0000<p>The results suggest that the supervisory authorities may need to consider another parameter, which is the development of the shadow economy, when devising the optimal macroprudential policy responses.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is likely the first to empirically document the impact of macroprudential policy on the shadow economy. It contributes to the growing literature on the potential side effects of macroprudential policy on the macro-economy.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141945141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of institutional factors in shaping the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and energy consumption in Gulf countries: an empirical analysis","authors":"Hadil Hnainia, Sami Mensi","doi":"10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0049","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Purpose</h3>\u0000<p>This research investigates the complex relationship between economic policy uncertainty (EPU), energy consumption and institutional factors in the Gulf region. The purpose of this study is to examine how institutional factors moderate the impact of EPU on energy consumption in Gulf countries.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3>\u0000<p>This paper uses the dynamic panel autoregressive distributed lag (PARDL) method, over a period stretching from 1996 to 2021 in the Gulf countries.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Findings</h3>\u0000<p>The results show that, only in the long term, EPU has a positive and significant impact on energy consumption, suggesting that increased EPU leads to increased energy use. Furthermore, this study found that, only in the long term, government effectiveness and regulatory quality have positive and significant effect on energy consumption. Accordingly, the two institutional factors play a moderating role in the EPU−energy consumption nexus.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Research limitations/implications</h3>\u0000<p>This study highlights the importance of considering the time dimension when formulating energy and economic policies in Gulf countries. Policymakers should take into consideration the nature of these relationships to make informed decisions that promote energy efficiency and economic stability in the region.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->\u0000<h3>Originality/value</h3>\u0000<p>To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study examining the relationship between EPU and energy consumption in the Gulf countries while incorporating the role of institutional factors as potential mediators.</p><!--/ Abstract__block -->","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141781774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrepreneurs and SMEs financing in developing countries: do non-financial services improve access to finance?","authors":"A. Babatoundé","doi":"10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/jfep-02-2024-0046","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Is access to finance a constraint for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) development or a result of SMEs constraint? Considering the demand-side of the credit market, this paper aims to assess the effect of nonfinancial services (NFS) on financial access through demand for financing (direct effect) and access to finance (indirect effect).\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Using data from a five-year comprehensive entrepreneurship program on a package of technical assistance, the author uses two impact assessment methods: before/after and propensity score matching approaches.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The author found significant changes in business practices for treated SMEs and entrepreneurs since both the number and frequency of good business practices increased for most of the SMEs in the program with a positive turnover effect. Evidence of the positive effects of NFS on demand for financing is found in SMEs but this does not involve more access to finance. Despite positive changes in business practices, small-size entrepreneurs continue to self-exclude for financing.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Different pass-throughs are operating within this “recycling” of entrepreneurial resources over time. The author shows the effectiveness of the knowledge on financing mechanism, financial conditions and government financial support, even if these mechanisms do not seem to lead to a significant improvement in access to finance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45556,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Financial Economic Policy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}