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Ecology Law Quarterly最新文献

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Arkansas Project v. Shaw: The Need for State Permitting Agency Liability under the Endangered Species Act 阿肯色项目诉肖:《濒危物种法》下国家许可机构责任的必要性》
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-11-28 DOI: 10.15779/Z382867
Caitlin Brown
{"title":"Arkansas Project v. Shaw: The Need for State Permitting Agency Liability under the Endangered Species Act","authors":"Caitlin Brown","doi":"10.15779/Z382867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z382867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"42 1","pages":"535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67382949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Dangerous Experiments: Scientific Integrity in International Environmental Adjudications after the ICJ's Decision in Whaling in the Antarctic 危险实验:国际法院对南极捕鲸的裁决后国际环境裁决的科学完整性
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-11-28 DOI: 10.15779/Z386P2H
Remi Moncel
{"title":"Dangerous Experiments: Scientific Integrity in International Environmental Adjudications after the ICJ's Decision in Whaling in the Antarctic","authors":"Remi Moncel","doi":"10.15779/Z386P2H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z386P2H","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific questions are central to many international environmental adjudications. They bear on the risk of harm to the environment and human health of many of the national policies and regulations challenged before international courts. Despite the importance for people and the environment of international courts correctly resolving these scientific questions, there is a surprising lack of procedural law governing courts’ admission and handling of scientific evidence. This Note argues that this lack of procedure grants international courts too much discretion. The Note analyzes the recent International Court of Justice decision in Whaling in the Antarctic to explain why the status quo in international environmental adjudications threatens scientific integrity. The Note also draws on the International Court of Justice’s decision in Pulp Mills and the World Trade Organization’s rulings in the Beef Hormones dispute to further explain the need for greater procedural clarity. In closing, the Note offers possible solutions to improve scientific integrity in international environmental adjudications.","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"42 1","pages":"305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67414055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Is Using the Public Trust Doctrine to Protect Public Parkland from Visual Pollution Justifiable Doctrinal Creep 利用公共信托原则保护公园免受视觉污染是合理的理论蠕变吗
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-05-23 DOI: 10.15779/Z382C2Q
Hope M. Babcock
{"title":"Is Using the Public Trust Doctrine to Protect Public Parkland from Visual Pollution Justifiable Doctrinal Creep","authors":"Hope M. Babcock","doi":"10.15779/Z382C2Q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z382C2Q","url":null,"abstract":"This Article asks whether the public trust doctrine should be applied to stop the construction of a multistory commercial building that will tower over the tree line of Palisades Interstate Park. The building, which received a variance from a local New Jersey zoning commission, will ruin views of the Park, particularly from scenic overlooks across the Hudson River in New York, like the Metropolitan Museum’s Cloisters and the George Washington Bridge. To make this argument, the author draws on the work of renowned public trust scholars, Professors Joseph Sax and Carol Rose, among others. Based on the doctrine’s adaptability to modern conditions, she finds a sufficient bridge from traditional uses of the doctrine to justify concluding that the proposed building’s interference with scenic views of the Park is an alienation of a trust resource in breach of the doctrine.","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"42 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67383241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Laundering Fish in the Global Undercurrents: Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing and Transnational Organized Crime 在全球暗流中洗鱼:非法、未报告和无管制捕鱼与跨国有组织犯罪
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-05-23 DOI: 10.15779/Z38656G
Anastasia Telesetsky
{"title":"Laundering Fish in the Global Undercurrents: Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing and Transnational Organized Crime","authors":"Anastasia Telesetsky","doi":"10.15779/Z38656G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38656G","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"939"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67410567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 50
How Not to Fall Off a Cliff, or, Using Tipping Points to Improve Environmental Management 如何避免跌落悬崖，或利用临界点改善环境管理
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-05-23 DOI: 10.15779/Z38FP1H
R. Kelly, Ashley L. Erickson, L. Mease
{"title":"How Not to Fall Off a Cliff, or, Using Tipping Points to Improve Environmental Management","authors":"R. Kelly, Ashley L. Erickson, L. Mease","doi":"10.15779/Z38FP1H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38FP1H","url":null,"abstract":"Three decades of study have revealed dozens of examples of natural systems crossing biophysical thresholds (or “tipping points”) as a result of human-induced stressors, dramatically altering ecosystem function and services. Environmental management that avoids or reverses such tipping points could prevent severe social, economic, and environmental impacts. Here, we attempt to demonstrate the desirability of, and opportunities for, environmental management using thresholds under U.S. federal law. We find that conceptually, tipping points can and do guide some regulatory decisions. However, explicitly focusing a larger set of environmental rules on avoiding","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67468284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Keeping Track of Conservation 追踪保育情况
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-05-14 DOI: 10.15779/Z38SV8R
Jessica Owley
{"title":"Keeping Track of Conservation","authors":"Jessica Owley","doi":"10.15779/Z38SV8R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38SV8R","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the world, governments require land protection in exchange for development permits. Unfortunately, oftentimes scant attention has been paid to these land protection programs after development. Agencies and permit applicants agree on mitigation rules, but there appears to be little follow-up. When we do not know where conservation is occurring and cannot determine the rules of mitigation projects, the likelihood that they will be successful or enforced diminishes. I journeyed to California in search of answers by tracing four mitigation plans associated with the Federal Endangered Species Act. While I anticipated some difficulties, the tale is more alarming than expected. The government entities involved struggled to locate and understand the permits themselves, let alone the details of the compensatory mitigation projects. A common land protection tool in this context is the conservation easement. These exacted conservation easements exchange public goods for private gain. Attempting to locate and understand these mitigation easements revealed pervasive problems with tracking mitigation in the United States. The federal agencies had trouble finding and understanding records. The county offices charged with recording property restrictions often had inadequate records of land use restrictions. These challenges exacerbate the accountability and enforceability concerns already associated with mitigation programs. Such uncertainty calls into question this method of environmental conservation. This Article highlights pressing concerns with our current mitigation paradigm and calls for reform of federal programs through promulgating new regulations and updating agency guidance. Furthermore, this project calls upon citizens and researchers to turn their eyes to mitigation programs generally and to question whether such programs truly compensate for the environmental harms they facilitate.","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"42 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67553049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Separated at Birth? Addressing the Twin Crises of Biodiversity and Climate Change 出生就分开了?应对生物多样性和气候变化的双重危机
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-04-12 DOI: 10.15779/Z38N28N
D. Farber
{"title":"Separated at Birth? Addressing the Twin Crises of Biodiversity and Climate Change","authors":"D. Farber","doi":"10.15779/Z38N28N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38N28N","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a growing threat to biodiversity, particularly in hotspots such as tropical forests and coral reefs. At the same time, deforestation is a major source of carbon emissions. The REDD effort is an attempt to make positive use of this connection. But negative impacts are also possible, such as the destruction of tropical forests as an indirect result of U.S. corn ethanol production. More generally, biodiversity and climate change both raise issues about the legality and effectiveness of bottom-up actions in the absence of global agreement.Finally, climate change and biodiversity threats both have links to the global food system. Sustainable aquaculture can reduce pressures on wild fish stocks. Conversion to agricultural use is a major threat to wild lands that store large amounts of carbon and harbor immense biodiversity. Increased crop yields, dietary changes, and population control can reduce those pressures, with both biodiversity and climate benefits.","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"96 1","pages":"841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67511181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
State Court Solutions: Finding Standing for Private Climate Change Plaintiffs in the Wake of Washington Environmental Council v. Bellon 州法院解决方案:在华盛顿环境委员会诉Bellon案之后为气候变化私人原告寻找立场
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15779/Z38FC5R
N. Somasundaram
{"title":"State Court Solutions: Finding Standing for Private Climate Change Plaintiffs in the Wake of Washington Environmental Council v. Bellon","authors":"N. Somasundaram","doi":"10.15779/Z38FC5R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38FC5R","url":null,"abstract":"For a shining second, the landmark Supreme Court decision in Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency seemed to signal a new era for climate change litigation in the federal courts. Unfortunately, the prospects of such litigation in the years since the decision have become far bleaker. The recent Ninth Circuit decision in Washington Environmental Council v. Bellon is merely the latest in a string of federal court decisions that have reduced the Massachusetts v. EPA precedent to near irrelevancy. It is now clearly established that Article III standing, a necessary prerequisite to any claim in federal court, will not be granted to private plaintiffs seeking relief for climate change related harms by filing claims against greenhouse gas emitters or regulatory agencies that refuse to take action. As a result, private climate change plaintiffs must rely on alternative avenues to have their claims heard in court. This Note highlights the importance of private plaintiffs in the history of environmental law and argues that the Washington Environmental Council v. Bellon decision was overbroad. In the wake of the Ninth Circuit’s decision, this Note suggests that private climate change plaintiffs who find themselves shut out of federal courts should consider seeking relief through the state court system.","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"42 1","pages":"491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67466499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alec L. and Federal Atmospheric Trust Litigation: Conceptual and Political Gains Amidst Legal Defeat? 亚历克·l和联邦大气信托诉讼:法律失败中的概念和政治收益?
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15779/Z38T29S
Tim Kline
{"title":"Alec L. and Federal Atmospheric Trust Litigation: Conceptual and Political Gains Amidst Legal Defeat?","authors":"Tim Kline","doi":"10.15779/Z38T29S","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38T29S","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years, a number of lawsuits have argued that the public trust doctrine (PTD) requires state and federal agencies to regulate greenhouse gas emissions.1 The nonprofit Our Children‘s Trust is the primary organizer of such suits, called ―atmospheric trust litigation,‖ and has organized actions in all fifty states with teenagers as plaintiffs.2 On June 5, 2014, the D.C. Circuit affirmed the dismissal of one such suit, Alec L. ex rel. Loorz v. McCarthy.3 Finding that the PTD is entirely a matter of state law, the court held it lacked federal subject matter jurisdiction.4 The plaintiffs in Alec L., a coalition of teenagers and two nonprofits, WildEarth Guardians and Kids vs. Global Warming, filed suit against the heads of various federal agencies.5 Their suit sought declaratory and injunctive relief establishing the atmosphere as a resource managed in the public trust, which would create a fiduciary duty in the federal government to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.6 The Supreme Court denied certiorari on December 8, 2014, allowing the D.C. Circuit‘s dismissal to stand.7 Still, although Alec L. failed to establish any federal PTD rights, the","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"42 1","pages":"549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67554346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cleaning Up Jurisdiction: Congressional Intent of Clean Air Act Section 307(b) 清洁管辖权:国会对清洁空气法第307(b)条的意图
4区 社会学
Ecology Law Quarterly Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.15779/Z38XP1B
Kevin O. Leske
{"title":"Cleaning Up Jurisdiction: Congressional Intent of Clean Air Act Section 307(b)","authors":"Kevin O. Leske","doi":"10.15779/Z38XP1B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38XP1B","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45532,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Law Quarterly","volume":"42 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67586372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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