INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE最新文献

{"title":"Isolation and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis in Andhra Pradesh","authors":"P. Madhava, D. Rani Prameela, B. Sreedevi, T. Madhava Rao","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.008","url":null,"abstract":": Staphylococcus aureus is the key causative agent for contagious mastitis and responsible for subclinical infections leading to economic loss to dairy industry worldwide. Hence, the present work was planned to isolate and characterize the Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis cases of S. aureus origin. From non therapeutic areas, a total of 381 staphylococcal isolates were recovered out of 438 milk samples with percentage positivity of 86.98, whereas, out of 60 milk samples in selected therapeutic areas 40 staphylococcal isolates with positivity of 66.67% were recovered based on cultural and biochemical tests. A total of 290 out of 381 and 30 out of 40 culturally positive isolates respectively from non therapeutic and therapeutic areas were confirmed as S . aureus by PCR method targeting the 16S rRNA with an expected amplicon size of 229bp. Sequencing and nucleotide analysis of 16S rRNA amplicons of non therapeutic area isolates showed 99.3% identity whereas therapeutic isolates showed 95-100% identity with gene bank reference strains. On phylogenetic analysis, isolates form non therapeutic area were not closely related to reference gene bank strains whereas isolates of therapeutic area were shown close evolutionary relationship with gene bank reference strains. Further, Peruru isolates of therapeutic area have shown close evolutionary relationship with Spain isolate KX348312.1 and formed separate group in cladogram.","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45125093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of genetic and non genetic factors on production performance of primiparous Kankrej cattle","authors":"N. Thakkar, A. Chaudhary, A. Chaudhari, Y. Gami, H. Panchasara","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.009","url":null,"abstract":": The present investigation included the records of 294 Kankrej cows, sired by 66 sires spread over a period of 20 years (1996 to 2015) maintained at Livestock Research Station, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat. The effects of genetic and non genetic factors on performance traits (Daily Milk Yield, 305 Days Milk Yield, Total Milk Yield and Lactation Length) of primiparous Kankrej cows was studied. The least square means of daily milk yield, 305 days milk yield, total milk yield and lactation length were calculated and found 6.71±0.14, 1893.42±60.00, 1983.29±72.47 kg and 290.78±7.33 days, respectively. The season and period of calving did not affect these traits, while effects of sire was significant (*P<0.05) on 305 DMY, but it did not have any effect on the traits such as DMY, TMY and LL of primiparous Kankrej cow. On the basis of these observations, we can suggest that proper management practices as well as use of better sire will help to improve the production performance of the herd.","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42007256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different housing modification systems on growth performance and feed intake of Gir calves during winter season","authors":"Maya Jat, R. Jat, V. Bhateshwar, V. Paswan, Hanuman Lal Nehra","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.015","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: The current study was carried out to investigate the impact of different housing modification systems on growth performance and feed intake of Gir calves during winter season. Selected 24 Gir calves of 12 months old were randomly divided into three homogenous modified housing groups containing with eight calves in each viz., group GC-1: conventional barn (during night) + open paddock (during day), GC-2: conventional barn + rubber mat and GC-3: loose house + curtains (during night). The concentrate supplement was given 1.5 kg/calve/day as pellet feed, green lucerne ( Medicago sativa ) 2.5 kg/calve/day and wheat straw ( Triticum aestivum ) ad lib as dry fodder . During the statistical analysis, the mean of morning minimum temperature (P<0.05) was higher in GC-2 (11.81 o C) over than GC-3 (11.27 o C) and GC-1 (10.64 o C) and the morning maximum temperature was significantly higher in GC-3 (22.97 o C), which was above than groups GC-2 (22.39 o C) and GC-1 (22.21 o C). However, the mean value of the evening minimum temperature was significantly lower in GC-1 (11.67 o C) followed by GC-3 (11.86 o C) and GC-2 (12.40 o C) and the evening maximum temperature was highest in GC-1 (24.95 o C) followed by GC-3 (23.98 o C) and GC-2 (23.54 o C). The average mean of both relative humidity (RH) percent and temperature humidity index (THI) along with morning and evening times was (P<0.05) higher in GC-2 than GC-1 and GC-3 groups. However, total dry matter intake, voluntary water intake and feed conversion efficiency were significantly higher in the GC-1 group compared to the calves in the GC-2 and GC-3 groups. The initial body weight of the claves was similar as 122.37, 121.13 and 121.88 kg in GC-1, GC-2 and GC-3 groups. However, the final body weight of the calves was significantly (P<0.05) highest in group GC-1 (170.12 kg) followed by GC-2 (163.61 kg) and GC-3 (162.36 kg) respectively. The average daily weight gain was significantly achieved by GC-1 (530.90 g/day) followed by GC-2 (472.05 g/ day) and GC-3 (449.88 g/day). It was concluded that the housing modification system can be effectively used to improve the growth performance, feed intake and sheds micro-climate of Gir calves during the winter","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43068317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of propionic and potassium sorbate supplementation on quality and performance of sugarcane tops silage","authors":"Digvijay Singh, R. Yadav, N. Tyagi","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.010","url":null,"abstract":": The objective of present study was to evaluate the effects of chemical additives on the quality parameters and nutritive value of sugarcane tops (SCT) silages. The trial was carried out in a completely randomized experimental design with total twelve treatments including two controls, C1 (without additive) and C2 (with common additives viz., 0.5% Urea, 0.5% NaCl and 2% molasses on wet basis). However, ten treatments (C2+ other chemical additives viz., SB; Soidum benzoate, PS; Potassium sorbate, PA; propionic acid and their combinations) were applied @ 0.1% (wet basis) onto the fresh SCT and ensiled for 30 days in 3.5 L vacuum sealed plastic jars in two replicates of each treatment. The analyzed variables were: chemical composition, quality parameters and nutritive values. Selection of most promising additive/combination was done with Flieg point and fitness values. The addition of chemical additive before ensiling produced silages with better quality indices (pH, lactic acid, Flieg point and fitness values), higher nutritive value (crude protein and ME) and low NDF as compared to control with additive (C2). Ammonia Nitrogen (NH 3 N% TN) and protein fractionation (NDICP and ADICP) were also considered for the identification of best SCT top silage and chemical additive effect. The results of present study indicate that PA and PS+PA were the most promising additive treatments for the improving the SCT silage quality and nutritive value. Furthermore, information extended from the present study is giving future direction towards animal feeding trials with SCT silage with chemical additive.","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43951568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of oral dosing of live and autoclaved culture of Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1 on rumen bacterial and fungal populations in Murrah buffaloes","authors":"B. Kumar, D. Kumar, M. Mahesh, Rakesh Sheel","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.014","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: Dietary interventions aiming at increasing the number and activities of beneficial gut microbes could enhance digestive functions as well as the long-term welfare of dairy animals. In the present experiment, the effect of supplementation of a novel bacterial culture Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1 isolated from the rumen liquor of Murrah buffaloes was studied for its effect on rumen microbial populations enumerated using the most probable number technique. Three permanently fistulated buffaloes maintained on a high fibre diet were used as the source of rumen fluid for bacterial isolation that was subsequently tested in vivo. Twelve healthy mid-to-late lactating buffaloes in their second to third parity were divided into two similar groups of six each with a mean body weight of 601.5 kg. One group (LBC) was dosed with 300 mL of live bacterial culture, whereas an equal volume of autoclaved bacterial culture was dosed in another group (ABC) for a period of one month. The treatment-wise effect of supplementation of R. flavefaciens FD-1 culture was evident in an increase (P<0.05) in total rumen fungal population by 2.7 times in LBC than ABC in the post-dosing period. However, the period-wise comparison revealed that the population of bacteria augmented (P<0.05) by 2.16 and 3.17 times in both the groups ABC and LBC, respectively; whereas the magnitude of increase in fungal population was 5.04 and 10.3 times, respectively for both the groups. Post-dosing effects were evident for only group LBC in both bacteria and fungi, respectively increasing (P<0.05) the population by 2.16 and 8.28 times than pre-dosing period. These preliminary results may foster scope for developing species-specific (autochthonous) bacterial probiotic/direct-fed microbial based on R. flavefaciens FD-1 for large ruminants maintained on fibrous diets under tropical production","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46685079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-level evaluation of socio-technological interventions to address climate change-induced stresses in dairy enterprises","authors":"R. Chakravarty, K. Ponnusamy, R. Sendhil","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.012","url":null,"abstract":": The paper aims at micro-level evaluation of dairy centric socio-technological interventions under the Technology Demonstration Component (TDC) of the National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) Project in Karnal, Yamunanagar and Sirsa districts of Haryana. The interventions were introduced to address the identified climate stresses under the project for enhancing resilience in dairy production. The study was conducted during 2015-16, employing Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) techniques to assess the farmers’ feedback on climate change perception and their acceptance and satisfaction of introduced interventions, from the NICRA adopted village in each district. Ten socio-technological interventions were evaluated each based on two dimensions of perceived attributes and benefits sub-evaluation parameters. The reason based satisfaction was recorded on a farmer rating for each intervention. Among six introduced technological interventions, improved fodder crop varieties (total score 28 and 30) and area specific mineral mixture supplementation (total score 28 to 29) were perceived as highly beneficial in terms of sustained milk production even during periods of heat stress followed by moderate beneficial of interventions viz ., Vitamin E supplementation, mustard oil supplementation and safe dung disposal through composting. Silage making intervention was perceived as low beneficial (total score 16). The Village Climate Risk Management Committee (VCRMC) was found as a highly beneficial (total score 27 to 30) social intervention, followed by women participation, contingency plan for climate change preparedness in fodder crops and preparation of season-centric milk products as moderate beneficial. The VCRMC was found highest satisfactory as rated by the farmers.","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46179380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of optimized formulation (combination of bronopolTM and kathonTM) on compositional and physico-chemical parameters of milk samples","authors":"Bumbadiya Mitul, Richa Singh, S. Arora, B. Mann, P. S. Rao","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.003","url":null,"abstract":": The experiment was conducted to study the effect of optimized preservative formulation (combination of bronopol TM and kathon TM ) on compositional and physico-chemical parameters of milk. The optimized formulation was added at the rate of 0.6% in milk samples and effect was observed on estimation of fat, protein, lactose and ash content during storage at 37 o C. For comparison, the legally permitted preservative (by Food Safety and Standard Authority of India, 2011) formalin was also added at the rate of 0.4% in milk samples. There was no significant effect of optimized formulation on estimation of fat and lactose content for 45 days and total solid (TS), ash and protein content for 90 days. However, on addition of formalin, the fat and lactose values of milk decreased after 15 days of storage and no significant effect was observed on TS, ash, protein content for 90 days and lactose content for 60 days.","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43584217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process optimization for the manufacture of red rice (Oryza sativa L.) kheer","authors":"Anjali Kumari, Amrita Poonia","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.007","url":null,"abstract":": Red rice contained 13.92±0.13 % moisture, 2.11±0.07 % fat, 1.80±0.01% total ash and 144.45 ± 1.36 (mgGAE/100g) total phenolic content, respectively. The present study was aimed to prepare kheer using red rice @ 18g (T 1 ), 20g (T 2 ) and 22g (T 3 ). Coconut sugar was used @15 g in all the combinations. Fresh toned milk (3.0 % fat and 8.5 % SNF) was used with broken red rice (Half broken) grains. Cleaned broken rice was soaked in water (rice to water ratio as 1: 2.5) and cooked at 93°C for about 15 minutes. Kheer prepared using 20 g of rice (T2) was selected as optimized one on the basis of sensory evaluation. The developed red rice kheer was acceptable upto10 days of storage at refrigerated temperature. Optimized kheer contained 3.02 ± 1.21% fat, 56.16 ± 2.11% moisture and 43.84 ±3.05 % total solids and 356.24± 3.45 Total Phenolic Content (mgGAE/100g)","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43474279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged oestrus as a cause of infertility in dairy cattle – A review","authors":"Arsha N Shaji, K. Elango, A. Kumaresan","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Prolonged oestrus is one of the conditions associated with perturbed follicular dynamics that culminates into substantial economic losses to dairy industries through low success rate of artificial insemination, increased inter-calving period, reducing total milk yield, lowering calf production, shortening reproductive life of the animals, lowering fertilisation rate and abnormal embryonic development. Prolonged oestrus is characterized by the exhibition of extended duration of oestrus in various breeds of cattle. Cows having prolonged oestrus need to be examined at frequent intervals for determining the correct time of artificial insemination. This makes it challenging to inseminate the animals at the correct time, which is a major inconvenience for the field veterinarians and farmers. Since the follicular dynamics in cows is intricate to comprehend, the disorders in which also often go unnoticed and not treated/managed wisely in the field conditions. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to understand the aetiology of prolonged oestrus so that strategies to improve fertility could be designed. Alterations in hypothalamohypophyseal-gonadal axis, which is also influenced by some other extrinsic factors like stress, nutrition, age, parity, breed etc., apart from the endocrine alterations could cause the prolonged dominance of follicle. The presence of suprabasal progesterone and luteal insufficiency are considered as the main cause of this condition among cattle. In this review, we attempted to analyse the prior art on the topic and to delineate the possible causes, and to suggest managemental strategies to mitigate the prolonged oestrus condition in dairy cows","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49177846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Support of Desi cows in the daily livelihood of farm households in Karnataka","authors":"DV Kolekar, M.J Chandre Gowda, CV Sairam","doi":"10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2021.v74i05.011","url":null,"abstract":": Desi cows along with crossbred have major contribution in fulfilling the demand of milk by the growing population of India. Achieving food security, nutrition security and income security for the farmers and by the farmers is a priority concern of national and state governments in India. In order to fulfill the national goal of doubling farmers income by 2022, animal husbandry in general and dairy farming in particular are considered as potential activities. In this backdrop, the present study was carried out in six districts of Karnataka based on higher population of desi cows with a sample size of 240 farm households. The study revealed that the sample households had more number of milking desi cows as compared to crossbred cows. Average quantity of green fodder and concentrates fed per animal in case of desi cows was less compared to crossbred cows. Thus, total feed cost and expenditure per animal was less in case of desi cows than crossbred cows. Desi cows required less expenditure on health per day/anim., but the net return per animal, per farm and per liter was less in desi cows due to low productivity as compared to crossbred cows. Crossbred cows supplied more nutrients to farm i.e. NPK kg/year/animal compared to desi cows. However, protein, fat and calcium nourishment per animal to the family was more in case of desi cows as compared to crossbred cows. Employment generation (mandays/year) per animal was more in case of crossbred cows as compared to indigenous cows. Security for uncertainties and status symbol was more in case of crossbred cows as compared to desi cows.","PeriodicalId":45524,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41444802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}