Journal of Gambling Issues最新文献

{"title":"Gambling and retirement: A qualitative study of non-problem gambling in the course of life of women","authors":"Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.9","url":null,"abstract":"Studies show that differences exist in how women and men gamble. However, publications devoted to senior gamblers usually describe them as a homogeneous group without distinguishing between senior men and women. The purpose of this qualitative research was to explore the experience of gambling by older women. The article presents how interest in gambling developed in a group of older women who gamble recreationally. In-depth interviews conducted with 26 non-addicted women have revealed that in retirement they most often return to this activity known for many years, and the initiation of gambling rarely occurs during this period of life. Retired women gamble more often and more regularly than do younger women, explained by them having fewer responsibilities and more free time, yet they are able to maintain control over their spending on the game. The results of this study suggest that gambling can be valid a form of recreation in retirement, but psychoeducation about threats and the use of responsible gambling strategies is important. Resume Les etudes montrent qu’il y a des differences dans la facon dont les femmes et les hommes jouent. Cependant, les publications consacrees aux aines les decrivent generalement comme un groupe homogene, sans faire la distinction entre les hommes et les femmes. La recherche qualitative avait pour but d’examiner l’experience du jeu chez les femmes âgees. L’article decrit la facon dont l’interet pour le jeu nait dans un groupe de femmes âgees qui jouent par plaisir. Des entrevues approfondies menees aupres de 26 femmes non dependantes ont revele qu’a la retraite, elles reviennent le plus souvent a des activites qu’elles pratiquent depuis de nombreuses annees, et commencent rarement a jouer durant cette periode de leur vie. Les femmes retraitees jouent plus souvent et plus regulierement que les femmes plus jeunes, ce qu’elles expliquent par le fait qu’elles ont moins de responsabilites et plus de temps libre, mais elles arrivent toutefois a controler leurs depenses en jeu. Les resultats de cette etude montrent que le jeu peut etre une forme de loisir a la retraite, mais que la psychoeducation portant sur les menaces et l’emploi de strategies de jeu responsable sont importants.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42591164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Emotions of Those With a Gambling Disorder: Insights From Automated Text Analysis","authors":"Terrence Brown, A. Caruana, Michael S. Mulvey, L. Pitt","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.5","url":null,"abstract":"The diffusion and growth of the web and the social media applications that it has provided have seen people increasingly turn to social media to express their feelings, frustrations, and ambitions and to generally share life events. Like other internet users, those with a gambling disorder are also known to use specialized online forums to read the experiences articulated by others and to open up, share, and express themselves online. In this study, we examined how those with a gambling disorder talk about their emotions and express sentiment through their online comments. Sentiment Analysis in IBM Watson was used to capture expressed emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise) and sentiments. These data were then used as input to a latent class cluster modelling procedure aimed at categorizing those with a gambling disorder into distinct groups. The findings show how qualitative online data can be transformed into quantitative insights in order to identify different categories of people with a gambling disorder. The technique offers a non-intrusive method of data collection that can provide useful insights into the emotions felt and expressed by those with a gambling disorder. Resume  L’usage repandu d’applications Internet et de medias sociaux a conduit les gens a se tourner de plus en plus vers les reseaux sociaux pour communiquer leurs sentiments, leurs ambitions et ce qui se passe dans leur vie. A l’instar d’autres internautes, les personnes qui ont des problemes de jeu frequentent des forums specialises en ligne pour s’exprimer et savoir ce que vivent des gens ayant des problemes semblables aux leurs. Cette etude examine, a travers leurs commentaires en ligne, comment ces personnes aux prises avec une dependance au jeu parlent de leurs emotions. Nous nous servons de la fonction d’analyse des sentiments d’IBM Watson pour capturer les emotions exprimees (colere, aversion, peur, joie, tristesse et etonnement) et autres sentiments. Ces donnees font ensuite l’objet d’une modelisation conjuguant l’analyse des classes latentes et l’analyse par grappe, et qui vise a constituer des sous-groupes de joueurs ayant un probleme de dependance. Les resultats font voir que les donnees qualitatives en ligne peuvent etre transformees en donnees quantitatives qui permettent de distinguer des sous-groupes parmi les personnes aux prises avec une dependance au jeu. Nous traitons dans cet article de la possibilite de traitements cibles a l’intention de ces sous-groupes, ainsi que des limites de cette methode.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47612856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cards on the Table: The Huge Growth in Online Gambling During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal","authors":"A. S. Machado, V. Covelo, M. Vieira-Coelho","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.16","url":null,"abstract":"In the words of the philosopher Seneca, work drives away the vices that come from idleness. The COVID-19 pandemic stopped the world, causing a disruption in the routine of millions of people. Many were faced with more free time or greater flexibility in organizing working hours combined with the absence of peer or managerial surveillance. This less scheduled but not carefree period promotes the search for leisure, pleasure, or something that temporarily removes insecurity and uncertainty. The consumption of psychoactive substances and the repetition of behaviours associated with short-term reward have a recognized role in this process.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":"47 1","pages":"403-408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48775724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambling Characteristics and Demographic Differences as Determinants of Attitudes Towards Gambling Among Youths in Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"Olusola Ayandele, R. Oguntayo, P. Olapegba","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.10","url":null,"abstract":"In this cross-sectional survey study, we investigated gambling characteristics (“quick” money syndrome, frequency of gambling, preferred gambling products and platforms) and demographic (age and gender) differences as determinants of attitudes towards gambling among youths in Lagos. We used a purposive snowball technique to recruit 179 respondents in Lagos (men: n = 165 [83.8% of participants]; women: n = 32) with a history of gambling activities. Gambling characteristics, demographics, and attitudes towards gambling were measured by using a gambling characteristics profile, the bio-data of the respondents, and the short form of the Attitudes Towards Gambling Scale (ATGS-8), respectively. The results showed that respondents believed that to make quick money, one needed to gamble once a week or more (67%), wager on sports betting (37.1%), and bet online (65.5%). The mean ATGS-8 composite score (28.2 ± 4.75) indicated overall positive attitudes among respondents. Independent sample t tests showed a significant difference between older (24–34 years) and younger (18–23 years) youths in their attitudes towards gambling ( t = -2.30, p .05). One-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in attitudes towards gambling based on gambling frequency, F (3, 196) = 6.86, p  0.05). L’analyse de variance a un critere de classification revele des differences importantes dans les attitudes envers les jeux de hasard en fonction de la frequence de la pratique de ces jeux ( F (3 196) =6.86, p < 0.05); et ceux qui jouent tous les mois obtenaient le pointage le plus eleve. Les participants demontraient irrefutablement la conviction selon laquelle le moyen le plus facile de faire de l’argent facile est de jouer a des jeux de hasard au moins une fois par semaine et de parier en ligne. Les participants plus jeunes et ceux qui s’adonnent aux jeux de hasard au moins une fois par mois faisaient preuve d’attitudes plus positives a l’egard des jeux de hasard. Il faut faire comprendre aux jeunes que la pratique des jeux de hasard ne represente pas une source de revenu viable.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49310625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inventaire des cognitions à risque — Loteries sportives (ICR-LS) : un premier pas dans l’élaboration de mesures spécifiques au type de jeu/The Inventaire des cognitions à risque Loteries Sportives: A First Step in Developing Game-Specific Measures","authors":"Jonathan Mercier, S. Sévigny, C. Jacques, I. Giroux","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.12","url":null,"abstract":"A travers le monde, les paris sportifs representent la deuxieme forme de jeux de hasard et d’argent (JHA) la plus associee aux problemes de jeu. Les cognitions des parieurs sportifs pourraient contribuer a cette association. Cependant, aucun outil ne semble adapte aux parieurs de loteries sportives, principalement a cause de la composante d’habilete. Cette etude vise (a) a developper l’Inventaire des cognitions a risque — Loteries sportives (ICR-LS) et en determiner la structure factorielle, (b) a evaluer la validite de convergence de l’ICR-LS avec Gambling Related Cognitions Scale (GRCS), les habitudes de jeu, et la gravite des problemes de jeu; et (c) a evaluer les liens entre le nombre d’heures mensuelles consacrees a la preparation des paris aux loteries sportives et les habitudes de jeu. Les parieurs sportifs recrutes ( N  = 272) etaient principalement de sexe masculin (86,5 %), dans la vingtaine ( M  = 26,7 ans) et issus de la communaute universitaire (88,3 %). Les analyses en composantes principales indiquent que l’instrument possede deux dimensions (Superstitions et Habiletes), une forte coherence interne (les coefficients alpha > ,85) et une bonne validite convergente. Des associations negligeables, mais statistiquement significatives, ressortent entre l’ICR-LS et le montant annuel depense aux loteries, les heures consacrees a la preparation des paris et la gravite des problemes de jeu. En outre, le temps consacre a la preparation des paris sportifs est moderement correle avec le montant depense, la frequence de jeu et la gravite des problemes de jeu, ce qui incite a y voir, peut-etre, un facteur de risque lie aux loteries sportives. Le temps consacre a la preparation des paris sportifs et ses effets sur les differentes spheres de vie meriteraient d’etre etudies davantage, notamment aupres de joueurs problematiques. Abstract Around the world, sports betting is the second type of gambling activity most associated with gambling problems. Thus, sports bettors’ cognitions play an essential role in this association. However, no instrument is specifically designed to assess sports bettors’ cognitions. This study aims (a) to develop the Inventaire des cognitions a risque — Loteries sportives (ICR-LS)  and to determine its factor structure, (b) to assess the convergent validity of the ICR-LS with the Gambling Related Cognitions Scale (GRCS), gambling habits, and the severity of gambling problems; and (c) to assess the links between the number of monthly hours spent preparing for sports lottery bets and gambling habits. Participants are sport lottery bettors ( N  = 272) that are mainly men (86.5%) in their twenties ( M  = 26.7 years old), and from a university community (88.3%). Principal component analysis results indicate that the instrument is composed of two factors (Superstitions and Abilities), and shows strong internal consistency (coefficients alpha > .85) and good convergent validity. The scale shows statistically significant but negligi","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42770421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problem gambling among older people. An Italian study on habits, representations, levels of engagement and psychosocial determinants","authors":"C. Venuleo, Tiziana Marinaci, Piergiorgio Mossi","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.3","url":null,"abstract":"Gambling participation among older people has grown over the years. Elders constitute a large and fast-growing population in Italy, but little empirical evidence describes gambling patterns among older Italian adults and the problem gambling (PG)’s psychosocial determinants, so a range of questions which are crucial to orient prevention strategies remain unanswered. The present study aims to investigate habits, representations, levels of engagement in gambling among Italian elders and the role of loneliness, social support and well-being in explaining their problem with gambling. A convenience sample of 165 participants (mean age: 66.93; SD = 5.73; women: 43.1%) was involved. Gambling activities, habits, representations and PG rates were examined. A group “at moderate risk/problem gambling” (scoring >7 on PGSI, n = 40) and a control group (scoring 0 on PGSI, n = 40) were selected from the whole sample, balanced on socio-demographic characteristics; a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the two groups on the target psychosocial variables. 11.5% of the sample was found to meet the PGSI criteria for PG; 26.7% for moderate risk; 11.5% for problem gambling; 50.3% were classified as no-problem gamblers. Scratch cards were the main form of gambling among all groups; the chance to make more money and to distract oneself from other problems were the main reasons to gamble. Finally, the group “at moderate risk/problem gambling,” compared to the control group, expressed higher loneliness, as well as lower perceived social support and well-being. Resume La pratique des jeux de hasard chez les personnes plus âgees augmente au fil des annees. Les aines representent un segment important et a croissance rapide de la population en Italie, mais peu de donnees empiriques decrivent les habitudes de pratique de jeux de hasard des adultes italiens plus âges et les determinants psychosociaux du jeu compulsif. Tout un eventail de questions essentielles a l’orientation des strategies de prevention reste sans reponse. La presente etude se penche sur les habitudes, les representations et les niveaux de pratique de jeux de hasard chez les aines italiens, ainsi que le role de la solitude, du soutien social et du bien-etre pour expliquer leurs problemes lies au jeu, a l’aide d’un echantillon de commodite de 165 participants (moyenne d’âge : 66,93; ecart-type de la population = 5.73; femmes : 43,1 %). La pratique des jeux de hasard, les habitudes, les representations et le jeu compulsif ont ete examines. Un groupe « a risque moyen/jeu compulsif » (pointage >7 sur l’indice de gravite de jeu compulsif (IGJC), n = 40) et un groupe temoin (pointage de 0 sur l’IGJC, n = 40) ont ete choisis parmi l’ensemble de l’echantillon, equilibres du point de vue des caracteristiques sociodemographiques; une analyse de variance a un critere de classification (ANOVA) a ete utilisee pour comparer les deux groupes par rapport aux variables psychosociales cibles. On a constate ","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45629057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the Measurement of Gambling Product Risk: A Critical Review of the ASTERIG Assessment Tool","authors":"P. Delfabbro, J. Parke","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.47.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.47.15","url":null,"abstract":"Recognition of the role of structural characteristics and their potential association with gambling harm has led to the development of protocols to assess the risk of gambling products. Such tools rate products on a range of ‘risk criteria’ and assign classifications that might be used to inform product design or regulatory decision-making. One of published examples of these tools is ASTERIG which assigns ratings of lowest to highest to products based on 10 criteria that include, for example: event frequency, accessibility or scale of jackpot. In this paper, we provide a critical review of this protocol and identify five principal limitations that may limit its validity and reliability. These relate to the validity of some criteria as indicators of risk; definitional issues; scoring and calibration; problems arising from collinearity or duplication; and, the omission of important criteria such as cost of play. In this paper, we highlight the challenges associated with rating product risk using ASTERIG as an example. We argue that further refinement of risk assessment tools requires the development of more rigorous conceptual frameworks both in design and application as well greater validation of risk classifications against independent data relating to the links between products and gambling-related harm. Resume La reconnaissance du role des caracteristiques structurelles et de leur association potentielle avec les maux lies aux jeux de hasard a entraine l’elaboration de protocoles visant a evaluer le risque des produits de jeu. De tels outils evaluent les produits sur une echelle de « criteres de risque » et leur classement peut servir a orienter la conception de produits ou la prise de decisions reglementaires. L’un des exemples de ces outils est ASTERIG, qui attribue aux produits une cote, de la plus basse a la plus elevee, a l’aide de dix criteres, notamment la frequence de l’evenement, l’accessibilite au gros lot ou la taille de ce dernier. Nous presentons dans cet article un examen critique de ce protocole et nous cernons cinq grandes limites pouvant restreindre sa validite et sa fiabilite. Ces limites concernent la validite de certains criteres en tant qu’indicateurs de risque, des questions definitionnelles, le pointage et l’etalonnage, les problemes issus de la colinearite ou du double compte, et l’omission de criteres importants comme le cout du jeu. Nous mettons en evidence dans cet article les enjeux lies a l’evaluation du risque d’un produit a l’aide d’ASTERIG par exemple. Nous soutenons que le peaufinage des outils d’evaluation du risque necessite la mise sur pied d’un cadre conceptuel plus rigoureux, tant sur le plan de la conception que de l’application, ainsi qu’une plus grande validation des categories de risque par rapport a des donnees independantes sur les liens entre les produits et les maux associes aux jeux de hasard.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48967582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problem Electronic Device Use in a Representative Sample of Adults in Ontario","authors":"M. Maas, H. Hamilton, J. Wolpin, A. Ialomiteanu, J. Rehm, R. Mann, N. Turner, G. Stoduto","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.46.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.46.6","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing evidence of correlations between the amount of time spent using electronic devices in leisure and negative health outcomes. However, studies often lack indicators of problematic technology use, rarely investigate relationships between such problem use patterns and indicators of poor mental health, and use samples that are unrepresentative of the adult population. Using a representative telephone survey of adults, we applied the Problem Electronic Device Use (PEDU) scale to estimate the level of PEDU in Ontario, Canada, and the associations between PEDU scores and a wide range of outcomes with a series of multivariate logistic regressions. We found an average weekly electronic device use of 15.57 hr, excluding work or school, and moderate to severe problem technology use among 7.9%  of the adult population. Moderate to severe PEDU was significantly associated with suicidal ideation, serious psychological distress, problem alcohol use, and treatment for anxiety. Implications for the findings are discussed. Resume Il existe des preuves croissantes de correlations entre la duree d’utilisation d’un appareil electronique a des fins de divertissement et les consequences negatives sur la sante. On note souvent l’absence d’indicateurs de l’usage problematique des technologies dans les etudes qui examinent les correlations entre cet usage et les indicateurs de troubles de sante mentale ou qui utilisent des echantillons representatifs de la population adulte. A partir des resultats d’un sondage telephonique representatif mene aupres d’adultes, la presente etude a eu recours a l’echelle d’evaluation de l’usage problematique des appareils electroniques ( Problem Electronic Device Use ou PEDU) pour estimer l’ampleur de ce phenomene dans la province (Ontario) et a applique une serie de regressions logistiques multivariees pour etablir des liens entre les resultats PEDU et un large eventail de consequences sur la sante mentale. L’etude a revele que l’usage hebdomadaire moyen des appareils electroniques chez les adultes sondes etait de 15,57 heures et que 7,9 % d’entre eux rapportaient un niveau modere a severe d’usage problematique de la technologie. Des liens significatifs ont ete etablis entre l’usage problematique des appareils electroniques et plusieurs indicateurs de troubles de sante mentale et de consommation de substances psychoactives. Les implications de ces constats sont discutees ici.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43536624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying Self-Coding to the Measurement of Self-Generated Video Gaming and Gambling Memory Associations","authors":"G. Russell, Autumn C Puttick, Damien T Spilchen, R. Williams, James L. Sanders","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.46.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.46.3","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the use of implicit memory associations has expanded in the addiction literature to include the assessment of video gaming and gambling. However, the issue with memory associations lies in the open-ended nature of the answers that must be coded, which is often labour-intensive, costly, and where the ambiguity cannot always be resolved. The present study evaluates participant self-coding of memory associations versus researcher coding in the assessment of memory associations for video gaming and gambling. A sample of 3,176 Canadian adults were asked to produce responses to ten ambiguous words and ten potential behavioural associations for engagement in video gaming or gambling. Participants were subsequently asked to classify what categories their responses belonged to, including video gaming and gambling. Consistent with the literature on alcohol and marijuana memory associations, self-coded scores for video gaming and gambling were significantly higher than scores coded by the researchers, had significantly higher correlations with self-reported behaviours, and significantly improved the prediction of video gaming and gambling behaviours. Resume  L’utilisation des associations de la memoire implicite comprend depuis peu l’evaluation des jeux video et des jeux de hasard dans le vocabulaire de la dependance. Le probleme des associations de la memoire reside toutefois dans le caractere ouvert des reponses qui doivent etre codees, ce qui est souvent a haute intensite de main-d’œuvre et couteux. De plus, il est parfois impossible de resoudre l’ambiguite. La presente etude evalue l’autocodage par les participants des associations de la memoire par rapport au codage effectue par le chercheur dans le cadre des jeux video et des jeux de hasard. On a demande a un echantillon de 3 176 Canadiens d’âge adulte de repondre a dix mots ambigus et dix associations comportementales potentielles en rapport avec la participation a des jeux video ou des jeux de hasard. On leur a ensuite demande de classer leurs reponses dans differentes categories, y compris les jeux video et les jeux de hasard. Tout comme dans la documentation sur les associations de memoire dans le domaine de l’alcool et de la marijuana, les pointages autocodes pour les jeux video et les jeux de hasard etaient considerablement plus eleves que ceux codes par les chercheurs, faisaient l’objet d’une correlation beaucoup plus elevee avec des comportements autodeclares, et amelioraient considerablement la prediction de comportements lies aux jeux video et aux jeux de hasard.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44177629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Some Subtypes of Video Gamer More at Risk for Gambling Issues? A Latent Class Analysis of a Canadian Sample of University Students","authors":"Jeff Biegun, J. Edgerton, M. Keough","doi":"10.4309/JGI.2021.46.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4309/JGI.2021.46.11","url":null,"abstract":"Recently there has been growing interest in identifying links between video game playing and problem gambling. As video games continue to take on more gambling-like elements such as loot boxes, there is rising concern that they represent a potential pathway towards problem gambling. In this study, we explored video gamer profiles in a sample of Canadian undergraduate university students ( n = 687) to examine whether subgroups of gamers had different risk profiles for problem video gaming and/or problem gambling. Three predominant subgroups emerged: universal, free-to-play, and general gamer classes. Whereas the free-to-play class was associated with higher average amounts of time spent playing video games, the universal class was associated with higher average scores on measures of problem video gaming, problem gambling, and impulsivity. Although motivational differences were evident, there were no significant mental health differences among subgroups in this sample. Resume On s’interesse de plus en plus depuis peu de temps a l’etablissement de liens entre la pratique des jeux video et le jeu compulsif. A mesure que les jeux video comportent davantage d’elements de jeux de hasard comme des coffres a butin, on s’inquiete davantage du fait qu’ils puissent mener au jeu compulsif. Cette etude a examine le profil de joueurs de jeux video parmi un echantillon d’etudiants canadiens de premier cycle ( n = 687) afin de determiner si les sous-groupes de joueurs presentaient un profil de risque different pour le jeu video compulsif et/ou le jeu compulsif. Trois sous-groupes predominants sont ressortis : universel, gratuit et general. Le groupe des jeux gratuits etait associe a une plus grande quantite de temps consacree a jouer a des jeux video, le groupe universel etait associe pour sa part a un pointage moyen plus eleve au titre des parametres de mesure du jeu video compulsif, du jeu compulsif et de l’impulsivite. Les differences de motivation etaient evidentes, mais les sous-groupes de cet echantillon ne presentaient aucune difference importante sur le plan de la sante mentale.","PeriodicalId":45414,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gambling Issues","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44065354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}