AIMS Environmental Science最新文献_第5页

Maintaining energy efficiencies and reducing carbon emissions under a sustainable supply chain management 在可持续的供应链管理下保持能源效率和减少碳排放

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022036

Mowmita Mishra, S. Ghosh, B. Sarkar

{"title":"Maintaining energy efficiencies and reducing carbon emissions under a sustainable supply chain management","authors":"Mowmita Mishra, S. Ghosh, B. Sarkar","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022036","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, most countries are moving towards digitalization, and their energy consumption is increasing daily. Thus, power networks face major challenges in controlling energy consumption and supplying huge amounts of electricity. Again, using excessive power reduces the stored fossil fuels and affects the environment in terms of $ {rm CO_{2}} $ emissions. Keep these issues in mind; this study focuses on energy-efficient products in an energy supply chain management model under credit sales, variable production, and stochastic demand. Here, the manufacturer grants a credit period for the retailer to get more orders; thus, the order quantity is related to the credit period envisaged in this model. Considering such components, supply chain members can reduce negative environmental impacts and significant energy consumption, achieve optimal results and avoid drastic financial losses. Additionally, including a credit period increases the possibility of default risk, for which a certain interest is charged. The marginal reduction cost for limiting carbon emissions, flexible production to meet fluctuating demand, and continuous investment to improve product quality are considered here. The global optimality of system profit function and decision variables (credit period, quality improvement, and production rate) is ensured through the classical optimization method. Interpretive sensitivity analyses and numerical investigations are performed to validate the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the idea of credit sales, flexible production, and quality improvement increases total system profit by $ 28.64% $ and marginal reduction technology reduces $ {rm CO_{2}} $ emissions up to $ 4.01% $.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Assessing the Potential of Mechanical Aeration Combined with Bioremediation Process in Soils and Coastal Sediments Impacted by Heavy Metals 机械曝气联合生物修复技术在重金属污染土壤和海岸沉积物中的应用前景

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022039

Gireshsingh Mungla, S. Facknath, B. Lalljee

{"title":"Assessing the Potential of Mechanical Aeration Combined with Bioremediation Process in Soils and Coastal Sediments Impacted by Heavy Metals","authors":"Gireshsingh Mungla, S. Facknath, B. Lalljee","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022039","url":null,"abstract":"Microorganisms make use of heavy metals through enzymatic, non-enzymatic processes or bioaccumulation in bacterial cells in insoluble or particulate forms and by-products. Increasing effectiveness of bioremediation is still being explored and other stimulation techniques cited by various authors used mostly EDTA, nitrogen fertiliser and other amendments. The use of mechanical aeration combined with bioremediation using Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluoresecens offer a greener approach with more efficient remediation capabilities. Zinc exceeded the permissible limit recommended by FAO/WHO by more than two folds while other metals were close to the threshold limit posing a dangerous threat to human health. Implementation of the current package treatment showed statistically significant decreases in heavy metal concentrations in both soils and coastal sediments in a 90 days experiment under atmospheric conditions. For sediments, 21.4% to 100% bioremediation was achieved under mechanical aeration conditions representing an increase of up to 60% efficiency compared to non-aeration while for soil highest efficacy achieved was 63.1%. However, the mechanisms and pathways of bioremediation were noticed to depend according to biotic and abiotic factors. This article provides an insight on the comparison between proposed stimulation technique and other methods reported.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature prediction and analysis based on improved GA-BP neural network 基于改进GA-BP神经网络的温度预测与分析

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022042

Ling-Xiao Zhang, Xiaoqi Sun, Shan Gao

{"title":"Temperature prediction and analysis based on improved GA-BP neural network","authors":"Ling-Xiao Zhang, Xiaoqi Sun, Shan Gao","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022042","url":null,"abstract":"In order to predict the temperature change of Laoshan scenic area in Qingdao more accurately, a new back propagation neural network (BPNN) prediction model is proposed in this study. Temperature change affects our lives in various ways. The challenge that neural networks tend to fall into local optima needs to be addressed to increase the accuracy of temperature prediction. In this research, we used an improved genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the weights and thresholds of BPNN to solve this problem. The prediction results of BPNN and GA-BPNN were compared, and the prediction results showed that the prediction performance of GA-BPNN was much better. Furthermore, a screening test experiment was conducted using GA-BPNN for multiple classes of meteorological parameters, and a smaller number of parameter sets were identified to simplify the prediction inputs. The values of running time, root mean square error, and mean absolute error of GA-BPNN are better than those of BPNN through the calculation and analysis of evaluation metrics. This study will contribute to a certain extent to improve the accuracy and efficiency of temperature prediction in the Laoshan landscape.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70232026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Clustering analysis of PM2.5 concentrations in the South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, using the Merra-2 Satellite Application and Hierarchical Cluster Method 利用Merra-2卫星应用和分层聚类方法对印尼南苏门答腊省PM2.5浓度进行聚类分析

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022043

Muhammad Rendana, Wan Mohd Razi Idris, S. Abdul Rahim

{"title":"Clustering analysis of PM2.5 concentrations in the South Sumatra Province, Indonesia, using the Merra-2 Satellite Application and Hierarchical Cluster Method","authors":"Muhammad Rendana, Wan Mohd Razi Idris, S. Abdul Rahim","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022043","url":null,"abstract":"The air quality monitoring system is the most prominent tool for monitoring air pollution levels, especially in areas where forest fires often occur. The South Sumatra Province of Indonesia is one of the greatest contributors to haze events in Indonesia due to peatlands fires. It does not sufficiently possess a ground monitoring system to cover rural areas, and thus, delayed actions can result in severe air pollution within this region. Therefore, the aim of this current study is to analyze the distribution and classification of PM2.5 observed from 2019 to 2021 within the South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. The acquisition of PM2.5 data was from the Merra-2 Satellite with a spatial resolution of 0.5˚ × 0.625˚ and an hourly interval. The hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was applied in this study for the clustering method. The result of the study revealed that the daily mean of PM2.5 levels varied from 5.9±0.01 to 21.3±0.03 μg/m3. The study area was classified into three classes: high pollution areas (HPA), moderate pollution areas (MPA) and low pollution areas (LPA), based on the HCA method. The average level of PM2.5 observed in HPA was notably higher, at 16.8±0.02 μg/m3, followed by MPA and LPA. Furthermore, this study indicated that the highest level of PM2.5 was found during 2019, with a severe haze event in the study area due to the intensive burning of forests, bush and peatlands. As a whole, the output of this study can be used by authorities for air quality management due to forest fire events in a certain area.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70232037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contribution of morphological study to the understanding of watersheds in arid environment: A case study (Morocco) 形态学研究对理解干旱环境下流域的贡献:以摩洛哥为例

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2023002

Mounir Ouaba, M. Saidi

{"title":"Contribution of morphological study to the understanding of watersheds in arid environment: A case study (Morocco)","authors":"Mounir Ouaba, M. Saidi","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023002","url":null,"abstract":"Watershed planning is often based on the analysis of morphometric parameters, especially in poorly gauged or ungauged basins. These physiographic parameters have, in fact, a main role in water runoff. In many arid countries such as Morocco, there is a significant need for morphometric studies of watersheds to initiate integrated water resources management. For this purpose, we have carried out the watersheds delineation and morphometric analyses, using the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). We have applied this approach based on remote sensing and GIS in four sub-basins of the right bank of the Tensift watershed (Bourrous, Al Wiza, El Hallouf and Jamala). The shape indexes of Gravelius and Horton reveal elongated shapes of the four watersheds. In addition, the maximum slope and the drainage density do not exceed 27.15° and 1 Km/Km2 respectively. The sub-basins do not have a very dense hydrographic network and the Strahler's drainage order is not very high (up to 5). The relief is not very high and do not reach 1000 m. These physiographic conditions do not allow a rapid runoff. The concentration times are precisely quite high (7 to 12 hours for watersheds of 161 to 401 km²). The use of a sufficiently fine DTM resolution and an appropriate GIS software would allow this kind of study to be very useful for effective watershed management.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70232109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Diversity of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli from Rivers in Palembang City, South Sumatra, Indonesia 印度尼西亚南苏门答腊岛巨港市河流中耐抗生素大肠杆菌的多样性

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022041

R. N. Sunarti, S. Budiarti, M. Verawaty, Bayo Alhusaeri Siregar, P. Hariani

{"title":"Diversity of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli from Rivers in Palembang City, South Sumatra, Indonesia","authors":"R. N. Sunarti, S. Budiarti, M. Verawaty, Bayo Alhusaeri Siregar, P. Hariani","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022041","url":null,"abstract":"One of the indicators of water pollution is the presence of coliform bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli). The development of resistance properties to several antibiotics by this pathogen is a serious health problem. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and identify antibiotic-resistant E. coli using the 16S rRNA gene. Samples were taken along the Kedukan, PU, and Buah rivers in Palembang City, South Sumatra, Indonesia, using the purposive sampling method. Each river consists of 9 sampling points, namely, the lower, middle and the upstream regions. The water quality result for the three rivers show that several water quality parameters do not meet the water quality standards: namely, BOD levels in the Kedukan and Buah rivers, Fe levels in the Kedukan and PU rivers, and chlorine in the three rivers. The results showed that E. coli isolates from the Kedukan, PU and Buah rivers were sensitive to 9 antibiotics. The highest resistance (100%) of E. coli isolates to tobramycin was in the Kedukan and PU rivers, while those from the Buah river were resistant to ampicillin. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed genetic diversity. Two main groups were formed from E. coli, namely, A and B, which consist of 17 and 4 isolates, respectively. Furthermore, the water quality analysis results of the Kedukan, PU, and Buah rivers in Palembang City, South Sumatra, revealed that they are polluted.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survey on the factors and social perspectives to participate in home composting schemes in Palestine: Anabta case study 巴勒斯坦参与家庭堆肥计划的因素和社会观点调查:Anabta案例研究

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022016

T. Sayara, Ruba Hanoun, Yamen A. S. Hamdan

{"title":"Survey on the factors and social perspectives to participate in home composting schemes in Palestine: Anabta case study","authors":"T. Sayara, Ruba Hanoun, Yamen A. S. Hamdan","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022016","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a survey was conducted to determine the public opinion regarding the acceptance of using home composters as an alternative approach for household organic waste management. This approach is introduced as a method to replace the landfilling of organic municipal solid waste, which is the main solid waste management currently employed in Palestine, considering Anabta town as a case study. The results showed that people in the target area are welcoming of the home composting idea, and about 99% of participants are interested in owning home composters at their properties, which is regarded as a good reference for implementing the proposed home composting scheme in this area. The results showed that people are interested in the new proposed scheme for organic household waste despite their minimal knowledge and understanding about the composting process's importance and effects. The survey tested the people's expectations and thoughts about the home composting concept and found that the main motives for home composting were reducing the cost of house gardening and using the produced compost in soil nutrition, besides being part of environmental sustainability. On the other side, obstacles were due to people's inexperience of the home composting method, as almost half of participants were expecting an exhausting, long process to produce compost, with the related bad smell and insects during composting progression. Hence, the study found that it is important to spread awareness about the right procedures to apply home composting among participants, in line with environmental awareness campaigns through social media, and provide personalized follow-up with participants.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Water quality assessment of Dodiongan Falls in Bonbonon, Iligan City, Philippines 菲律宾Iligan市Bonbonon的Dodiongan瀑布水质评价

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022031

Cyril A. Cabello, Nelfa D. Canini, Barbara C. Lluisma

{"title":"Water quality assessment of Dodiongan Falls in Bonbonon, Iligan City, Philippines","authors":"Cyril A. Cabello, Nelfa D. Canini, Barbara C. Lluisma","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022031","url":null,"abstract":"Water is an essential element that sustains life on this planet, yet it is threatened by human activities. With little attention paid to the waterfall as a source of a domestic water supply and a tourist spot for recreation, this study was designed to investigate one of the waterfalls in Iligan City, Philippines: Dodiongan Falls. The location of the study is a neighborhood of the city garbage dumpsite that due to an uncontrollable situation, releases dark-colored secretion from the treatment box as has been verified by the residents in the area; this posed a threat to their food security and livelihood. Assessing the physicochemical parameters, heavy metal concentration and Escherichia coli counts is very crucial in interpreting its water quality. All parameters such as the pH, alkalinity, turbidity, lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and the E. Coli test were done following the standard procedures. The results revealed that the pH, alkalinity, turbidity, total lead (less than 0.01 mg/L) and total mercury concentration (less than 0.001 mg/L) at the three sites were in conformity with the guidelines of the World Health Organization and Philippine national water quality standards. However, the E. Coli count has increased downstream from 220 to 1,600 MPN per 100 ml, which exceeded the standard limit. With these findings, it is paramount that the creation of a management plan be initiated as soon as possible by the different governmental agencies in order to bring back the life of Dodiongan Falls.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An overview of sustainable green inhibitors for aluminum in acid media 酸性介质中铝的可持续绿色抑制剂综述

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2023003

P. Desai, F. Desai

{"title":"An overview of sustainable green inhibitors for aluminum in acid media","authors":"P. Desai, F. Desai","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2023003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2023003","url":null,"abstract":"Metal corrosion is a significant and growing area of study in industrial problems, which has found productive research ground in the field of green chemistry. In the last 10 years, green chemistry has been highlighting the importance of safeguarding human as well as the environmental well-being, in an economically advantageous way aiming at keeping away from reducing waste hazardous toxins, and pollutants. The era of metal degradation, commonly faced due to the usage of hazardous chemicals became very relevant and useful in the research area of chemistry. Even though several experiments have been conducted and, several research articles were published on this topic of nature-friendly green and clean inhibitors still there are yet a lot of things to be explored in this field for sustainable eco-friendly existence of human and natural interconnected existence. The main aim of the study is to provide a summary and describe the past authentic research that accounted in the research literature to employ eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors, especially extraction from leaves, stems, seeds, and fruits of the plants for aluminum alloy in acid solutions in the past decade. Weight loss and electrochemical approaches are among the most often utilized methods to measure corrosion rate and to evaluate the effectiveness of green corrosion inhibitors. The relevance of the area prompted the further study, leading to a large number of substances being evaluated.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Comparison of some schemes for determining the optimal number of rain gauges in a specific area: A case study in an urban area of South Sulawesi, Indonesia 确定特定地区最佳雨量计数量的一些方案的比较:以印度尼西亚南苏拉威西市市区为例

IF 1.4

AIMS Environmental Science Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/environsci.2022018

N. Sunusi, Giarno

{"title":"Comparison of some schemes for determining the optimal number of rain gauges in a specific area: A case study in an urban area of South Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"N. Sunusi, Giarno","doi":"10.3934/environsci.2022018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2022018","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the accuracy of rainfall forecasts is related to the number of rain gauges needed in an area, so determining the optimal number of rain gauges is very important. This study aimed to determine the best method for calculating the optimal number of rain gauges. Generally, the calculation of the optimal number of rain gauges using the coefficient of variation only takes into account the accumulation of rainfall at the station. The distance between the location and height of the rain gauge is not taken into account. The phenomenon of rain that occurs in the tropics is very dynamic, where one place compared to another tends to have different rain intensity and duration. In addition, the height and distance factors also greatly affect the measured rainfall. Therefore, it is very important to know the best method to calculate the optimal number of rain gauges needed in a particular area. This study implements 3 methods to determine the appropriate method to be used in determining the optimal rain gauge number for urban areas: namely, World Meteorological Organization (WMO) criteria, coefficient of variation, and Kagan-Rodda. In this study, rainfall data from 2010 to 2019 at 5 locations in Makassar were used in calculating the optimal number of rain gauges required. The results showed that the optimal number of rain gauges in Makassar as an urban area following the WMO recommendation was 9–18, where small islands around it are not considered. Another result obtained is that if the rainfall data for the Sudiang area, which is located at the coordinates (119.522° E, 5.085° S), is not included in the calculation, it will greatly reduce the accuracy in determining the optimal number of rain gauges in the Makassar area.","PeriodicalId":45143,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Environmental Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70231184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2