South African Historical Journal最新文献

{"title":"‘The Root of All Evil?’: Cash Boom, Trader Misfeasance, and Poverty in World War II Bechuanaland Protectorate","authors":"P. Molosiwa, Maitseo M. M. Bolaane","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2023.2205603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2023.2205603","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Told here is a story of the manifestations of cash money’s unseen and unpredictable power in the expropriations of Bechuanaland Protectorate Africans by store owners or traders during World War II. Failure to secure essential commodities in a period when cash dominated the market and had become the motif of the colonial economy surprised even the colonial officials who had thought that the ensuing ‘cash boom’ would bring prosperity across the social divide. This article mines the extant war archives to retrieve the neglected history of the repercussions of the first-ever cash boom the Bechuanaland Protectorate experienced since the advent of cash during the nineteenth century. As many people gained access to more cash, traders of predominantly foreign descent hiked prices unduly, in most cases using the war as an excuse. The article addresses two mutually inclusive forms of trader misconduct. First, it explores the trajectory of profiteering as it spread from the urban areas to impact the initially unaffected rural peripheries during the war. Secondly, it demonstrates the differentiated ways in which a tripartite of conditional selling, price differentials, and food rationing became the driving forces of the ‘evil’ that was profiteering.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"473 - 494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42691955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red Road to Freedom: A History of the South African Communist Party, 1921–2021","authors":"Thina Nzo, Irina Filitova, A. Drew, T. Lodge","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2142842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2142842","url":null,"abstract":"Uncovering the 10 decades of the history of the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA), now known as the South African Communist Party (SACP), Tom Lodge seamlessly reveals a fraternal journey in the formation of one of the most significant movements in the anti-colonial and anti-apartheid class struggles in South Africa. The archival research material used to knit this book together has given it a very robust intellectual supremacy in terms of its ability to provide a genealogical account of the CPSA through its DNA that is embedded in the class struggles of mine workers and industrial workers (trade unions). From the early formations of socialist groups and their linkages with other international socialist movements, leading up to the formation of the CPSA and forging alliances with national liberation movements, Lodge has managed to add to the existing literature about communism in South Africa, including how it came into existence in South Africa, what role it played in shaping the liberation struggle in exile, and the extent to which it continues to occupy an influential position in the tripartite alliance post liberation. His book provides us with richly detailed descriptions that begin from the revival of gold mines, which lured many African migrants and white immigrants from Continental and Eastern Europe, England, Australia, the Unites States and Asia. He is able to show how the arrival of European immigrants, particularly those who had been part of the Italian Socialist Groups, German Socialist Democrats, Friends of Russian Freedom and Jewish Bund who were exposed to Marxist teachings, brought revolutionary strategies into labour movements from the early 1920s. Lodge demonstrates how, during this period, these groups played a key role in organising mine workers’ strikes and using insurrectionary strategies in labour struggles. In addition, the issue of racial labour reservation also became the nexus through which communists had to carefully think about how to distinguish themselves from exclusive white Socialist and Labour parties that paid little attention to representing and incorporating African mine workers into the union and labour movements. Here, we begin to see the emergence of a prominent figure amongst communists, Sidney Bunting, who was a member of the International Socialist League. Through the formation of Industrial Workers of Africa, the connections with the Transvaal Native Congress and communists who were members of the International Socialist League began to take shape. However, as we can see in the book, the presence of the Communist Party members and activists was mainly concentrated in Johannesburg and Cape Town, with a growing presence in Port Elizabeth and support of Indians in Durban who were affiliated to the Indian","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"543 - 557"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43225039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Think More Clearly than the State Allows’: Rick Turner’s Challenge to the Present","authors":"G. Maré","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2023.2196608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2023.2196608","url":null,"abstract":"The Rick Turner Lecture was presented in honour of the 50th anniversary of Rick Turner ’ s book, The Eye of the Needle , and the relevance of his forward-thinking philosophy to the present day, at the Southern Centre for Inequality Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, on 22 February 2022","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"529 - 542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45134870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Lion of Azania: A Biography of Zephania Lekoame Mothopeng (1913–1990)","authors":"C. Kros","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2102673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2102673","url":null,"abstract":"1. Sue Onslow, ‘Research Notes Special Collection: The Cold War in Southern Africa’, Cold War History, 22, 3 ()–358. 2. See e.g. Leopold Scholtz, The SADF and Cuito Cuanavale (Johannesburg: Delta Books, 2020). 3. Irina Filatova and Apollon Davidson, The Hidden Thread. Russia and South Africa in the Soviet Era (Roggebaai: Jonathan Ball, 2013). 4. For example, Csaba Bekes sees a meeting of the Political Consultative Committee of the Warsaw Pact in July 1988 as ‘the beginning of the end for the Soviet bloc’: Hungary’s Cold War: International Relations from the End of World War II to the Fall of the Soviet Union (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2022), Introduction. 5. cf. e.g. Chris Saunders, ‘“1989” and Southern Africa’, in Matthias Middell, Ulf Engel, and Frank Hadler, eds, 1989 in a Global Perspective (Leipzig; Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 2015); Chris Saunders, ‘External Influences on Southern African Transformations: 1989 in Perspective’, in Comparativ. Zeitschrift für Globalgeschichte und vergleichende Gesellschaftsforschung 29, 4 (2019), 42–53. 6. The fullest discussion is Zwelethu Jolobe, International Mediation in the South African Transition: Brokering Power in Intractable Conflicts (Abingdon: Routledge, 2019). 7. cf. esp. Robert van Niekerk and Vishnu Padayachee, Shadow of Liberation: Contestation and Compromise in the Economic and Social Policy of the African National Congress, 1943–1996 (Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand Press, 2021). 8. Cleophas Johannes Tsokodayi, Namibia’s Independence Struggle: The Role of the United Nations (n.p.: Xlibris Corporation, n.d.). 9. Vladimir Shubin, The Hot “Cold War”: The USSR in Southern Africa (London: Pluto Press; 2008). 10. Nancy Jacobs, ‘How Washington Okumu Became the Mediator Who Saved the 1994 South African Elections’, South African Historical Journal, 73, 2 (2021), 288–317.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"567 - 571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46724235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Imperialist Dream of João Albasini, a Portuguese Trader in South-East Africa, 1847–1870","authors":"Linell Chewins","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2023.2189128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2023.2189128","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In the early nineteenth century, João Albasini established himself as a slave and ivory trader at Delagoa Bay, current-day Maputo, Mozambique. In the 1850s, he moved west, crossing the Lubombo Mountains into the northern areas which in 1852 became the Transvaal, also known as the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek. He aimed to revive the Portuguese economy at Delagoa Bay through the trading possibilities offered by the Boer population inland. In 1953, the Afrikaans historian Johannes Bernadus de Vaal gave a detailed account of Albasini’s life. He, however, did not consider the Portuguese and Mozambican dimensions to Albasini’s economic activities in the Transvaal because he saw him as a true-blue Transvaler determined to promote the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek’s interests. While Albasini did attach himself to the Afrikaner community, he remained a staunch Portuguese patriot. He dreamt of establishing a Portuguese colony in current-day Mpumalanga to further Portugal’s hypothetical authority in Delagoa Bay’s hinterland. Although deeply interesting, De Vaal’s analysis lacks insight into the obstructive nature of the Portuguese policy towards the economic development of the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek. However, the independent spirit of the Boers (the Dutch population) and the lack of political will and resources of the Portuguese metropole stifled João Albasini’s imperialist dream.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"403 - 421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45091824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Drama of the Peace Process in South Africa. I Look Back 30 Years","authors":"C. Saunders","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2083218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2083218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45794430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"South Africa’s Century of Cannabis Politics, 1922–2022","authors":"T. Waetjen","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2128274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2128274","url":null,"abstract":"A century ago, the Smuts government legally restricted cannabis as a ‘dangerous drug’ in a 1922 Customs and Excise Act. This year in February, President Ramaphosa declared the African National Congress (ANC) government’s intention to promote a domestic hemp and cannabis ‘sector’, to aid the country’s Coviddepressed economy. How can we make sense of dagga’s official legislative history between these two moments? The question is linked to the peculiarities of South Africa’s colonial and apartheid pasts. Yet, to account for continuities of policy into the democratic period – as well as of persistent realities of economic injustice related to domestic relations of ‘everyday narco-capitalism’ –we should also consider global, comparative frames of historical reference. In South Africa, dagga has a long history of indigenous uses and meanings, which began to change more dramatically with its simultaneous commodification and legal restriction during processes of industrial development, migrant wage labour and racial segregation. The 1922 cannabis prohibition was largely the triumph of imperial and medical progressives, who had sought earlier","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"359 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44284569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dockside Reading: Hydrocolonialism and the Custom House","authors":"P. Mnyaka","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2086903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2086903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"387 - 389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47992276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prelude to Unilateralism: Foreclosed Independence Bids in Pre-Federation Southern Rhodesia, 1948 and 1950","authors":"Brooks Marmon","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2149847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2149847","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article recovers two resolutions, in 1948 and 1950, respectively, by the all-white parliament in Southern Rhodesia (colonial Zimbabwe) that expressed support for the colony’s independence within the British Commonwealth. The examination of these post-war pushes for sovereignty illuminate how Rhodesia’s political leadership was sensitive to wider changes in the imperial status quo, well before the broader white electorate became similarly seized by colonial withdrawal. The motions highlight the gulf between the metropole and local settler leadership, even when the latter were ostensibly firmly backed by imperial policy and domestic black political opposition was comparatively muted. Additionally, the two parliamentary debates elucidate domestic interparty differences. The article is primarily informed by verbatim transcripts of the pertinent legislative proceedings. The deliberations have largely disappeared from the colony’s historiography – a significant omission given the considerable scholarly interest surrounding Southern Rhodesia’s unilateral declaration of independence from Britain in 1965. This article shows that nearly two decades before that fateful step, changing international factors motivated Rhodesia’s political class to consider major steps that would ensure the maintenance of white dominance.","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"254 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47385894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Christopher Bethell, Charles Warren and the Colonisation of the Southern Batswana","authors":"Alan Lester","doi":"10.1080/02582473.2022.2086288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02582473.2022.2086288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45116,"journal":{"name":"South African Historical Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"392 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46751743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}