GERMS最新文献

{"title":"Genotyping of Whipple's disease presenting as sclerosing mesenteritis: A case report.","authors":"Areti Kalfoutzou, Sofia Makka, Theodora Stivarou, Myrto Koutantou, Panagiota Kelidi, Maria Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Chaleplidis, Christos Tekedis, Eleni Mostratou, Emmanouil Angelakis, Panagiotis Petrikkos","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are very few reported cases of Whipple disease (WD), a rare chronic disease in Greece. In this report, we present a classic WD case in a Greek firefighter and the detection of an autochthonous <i>Tropheryma whipplei</i> genotype in this Greek autochthonous citizen.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We describe a patient with chronic diarrhea and arthritis who was misdiagnosed with sclerosing mesenteritis three years previously and was unsuccessfully treated with corticosteroids. After the effectuation of histopathologic examination and PCR against <i>T</i>. <i>whipplei</i>, he was diagnosed with classic WD. Moreover, for the first time in Greece, we proceeded with <i>T. whipplei</i> genotyping targeting four highly variable genomic sequences and we concluded that the patient was infected <i>by T. whipplei</i> genotype 120.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We highlight the necessity to explore <i>T. whipplei</i> presence and its genotypes through the Greek population and to identify if genotype 120 is the predominant strain in the Hellenic territory.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 2","pages":"183-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10746342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139033169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial nerve palsy: An early sign of COVID-19.","authors":"Michael Somero, Elisa Akagi, Ashish Bhargava","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bell's palsy is a peripheral lower motor neuron (LMN) facial nerve palsy, characterized by the acute onset (72 hours or less) of unilateral peripheral facial paresis without other neurologic signs. Bell's palsy has been described at three clinical junctures of COVID-19 infection: as the unique initial signal of COVID-19, as an accompanying feature during the acute phase of COVID-19 when respiratory and systemic symptoms predominate, or during the recuperative phase beginning 2-3 weeks after resolution of respiratory and systemic covid symptoms.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present a unique case of a COVID-19-related facial nerve palsy that occurred 3 weeks prior to the onset of pneumonia caused by COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case report suggests an association between early COVID-19 presenting as facial nerve palsy and alerts physicians about the ways in which COVID-19 may cause this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult tetanus is not gone yet, but could be ready to leave: A case-series from central India.","authors":"Mahadev Meena, Vaibhav Yadav, Manish M Yadav, Rajnish Joshi, Prachi Singh, Rajesh Panda, Saurabh Saigal","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adult tetanus is a neurotoxin mediated infectious disease, that continues to be seen despite availability of a highly efficacious vaccine. In India population-based burden estimates for adult tetanus are not available. Elimination of neonatal and maternal tetanus from India was achieved in 2015 with DPT (diphtheria, pertusis, and tetanus) vaccine during childhood and tetanus toxoid (TT) during antenatal care. Vaccine coverage in adults is uneven. While pregnant women receive the vaccine as part of ante-natal care, booster dose coverage in all other non-pregnant women and men is poor.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We describe four cases of adult tetanus that presented to our tertiary care hospital in central India. Out of four cases, two were homemakers, one was a farmer, another was a student. Three of them were not aware regarding primary tetanus vaccination and none of the four received any booster dosages of tetanus vaccine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These cases highlight complexity of disease management and reinforce the need for adult booster immunization against tetanus.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"86-89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse events following immunization (AEFI): COVID-19 vaccine dose and characteristics in Central Java, Indonesia.","authors":"Firdaus Wahyudi, Arwinda Nugraheni, Ani Margawati, Dodik Pramono, Dea Amarilisa Adespin, Teddy Wahyu Nugroho, Cipta Pramana","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vaccination is an effort to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Although vaccines can be effective prevention, they can have potential side effects, or adverse events following immunization (AEFI). CoronaVac, BBIBP-CorV, BNTb262-BioNTech, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1NCoV-19 were vaccines used in Indonesia when this study was conducted. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with AEFI for the COVID-19 vaccines for each dose in the community.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in Central Java Province, Indonesia from August to October 2021. The variables included respondent characteristics, COVID-19 infection history, COVID-19 vaccine AEFI, dose, and type. Data collection was performed through questionnaires and data was analyzed by a logistic regression test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of AEFI was 21.1% after the first dose, 14.1% after the second dose, and 83.9% after the third dose of the vaccine. The factors associated with higher odds of COVID-19 vaccine AEFI were different for each dose, as follows: for the first dose: age group >45 years (p=0.009; OR=2.837; 95%CI: 1.301-6.187) and overweight (p=0.007; OR=3.323; 95%CI: 1.242-8.689); for the second dose: overweight (p=0.007; OR=9.118; 95%CI: 1.827-45.5), female sex (p=0.011; OR=2.885; 95%CI: 1.274-6.531), age group >45 years (p=0.017; OR=3.257; 95%CI: 1.24-8.555) and prior episode of COVID-19 (p=0.044; OR=2.459; 95%CI: 1.026-5.893); and for the third dose: female sex (p=0.040; OR=3.650; 95%CI: 1.062-12.550).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The factors that were associated with AEFI of COVID-19 vaccine were sex, age, nutritional status and prior history of COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"40-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterobacteriaceae isolates from clinical and household tap water samples: antibiotic resistance, screening for extended-spectrum, metallo- and ampC-beta-lactamases, and detection of <i>bla</i>_TEM,<i>bla</i>_SHV and <i>bla</i>_CTX-M in Uyo, Nigeria.","authors":"Olajide J Akinjogunla, Adebowale T Odeyemi, Edinam-Abasi S Udofia, Oyetayo O Adefiranye, Clarence S Yah, Igbagbo Ehinmore, Idongesit U Etukudo","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and AmpC-β-lactamase (AmpC-βL)-producers are increasing globally. This study identified bacteria in clinical and tap water samples and determined the prevalence of MDR, and β-lactamase enzymes and genes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Isolates were identified by the Vitek 2 (bioMérieux, France) automated system. Antibiotic resistance and screening for β-lactamase enzymes and genes was done using disc diffusion method and Vitek 2 automated system, CHROMagar-ESBL, combined double disc, inhibition-based method and multiplex polymerase chain reaction, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtained were <i>Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Citrobacter freundii</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> spp., <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, <i>Enterobacter aerogenes</i>, <i>Shigella sonnei</i>, <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, <i>Enterobacter sakazakii</i>, <i>Klebsiella oxytoca</i>, <i>Citrobacter diversus,</i> and <i>Serratia liquefaciens</i>. Of the 674 isolates from clinical samples, 36.5%, 28.5%, and 19.9% were ESBL, MBL, and AmpC-βL producers, respectively. A low prevalence of AmpC-βL and MBL producers were obtained, with no significant difference (p<0.05) between the prevalence of ESBL and non-ESBL producers. Isolates exhibited varied levels of resistance to gentamicin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline. The results showed that 54.6% of ESBL producers, 57.9% of MBL producers, and 62.8% of AmpC-βL producers were MDR strains. Of the 141 representative isolates tested, 36.9%, 15.6%, and 20.6% had only <i>bla</i>_TEM, <i>bla</i>_SHV, and <i>bla</i>_CTX-M, respectively; 5.7% possessed both <i>bla</i>_TEM and <i>bla</i>_SHV; 7.1% possessed both <i>bla</i>_TEM and <i>bla</i>_CTX-M and 4.3% had both <i>bla</i>_SHV and <i>bla</i>_CTX-M.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found a high prevalence of β-lactamase producers, indicating the need for further research on the molecular epidemiology of β-lactamase producers and their impacts in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"50-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral biofilms - pivotal role in understanding microbes and their relevance to the human host.","authors":"Oana Săndulescu, Mihai Săndulescu","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1361","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"7-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronin-1A serves as a serum biomarker for supportive diagnosis of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection.","authors":"Supaporn Khamchun, Orathai Pongtussanahem","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The severity and spread of tuberculosis, a major burden, can be prevented by more rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to systematically explore candidate serum proteins in patients with <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> infection for further application as novel biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study was performed in two major steps: screening of the literature for potential biomarkers, and then validation of their levels in patients and controls. Many serum/plasma proteins previously reported to be abnormally expressed in patients with tuberculosis between 2012 and 2021 were comprehensively assembled. The biological role in tuberculosis was also predicted for each using the bioinformatics tool STRING. Candidate proteins found to have the same expression in other related diseases were excluded. Subsequently, the serum level of the candidate serum/plasma protein that met the aforementioned criteria was validated by sandwich ELISA; diagnostic performance was analysed by the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 103 collected serum/plasma proteins, coronin-1A was found to have abnormal expression only in patients with tuberculosis and was associated with tuberculosis. In addition, the validation of coronin-1A in the serum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis revealed a higher level than in that of healthy individuals. Furthermore, the area under the ROC curve for diagnostic power of coronin-1A was 0.866, with high sensitivity and specificity at a cut-point of approximately 52.7 ng/mL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We concluded that the level of serum coronin-1A might serve as a novel biomarker for alternative laboratory examination to effectively distinguish patients with tuberculosis from those with other related diseases and healthy individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"20-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iraq faces new outbreak of cholera, 2022.","authors":"Amal Talib Al Sa'ady","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"90-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138465546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare presentation of infectious mononucleosis: cholestatic hepatitis with hyperbilirubinemia.","authors":"Aldin Jerome, Vatsal Khanna, Elisa Akagi, Ashish Bhargava","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epstein-Barr virus infection with mononucleosis is the most common presentation in young adults. Most infections are self-limited, although in a few cases complications can include serious conditions such as lymphoproliferative disorders or in less severe cases, mild hepatitis.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We present an unusual case of a young male with no liver disease, who presented with markedly elevated cholestatic pattern hyperbilirubinemia, as well as hepatitis. The patient responded well to symptomatic treatments, with spontaneous improvement of the hyperbilirubinemia and transaminitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Epstein-Barr virus mononucleosis can frequently present with mild elevation of transaminases, but very rarely can have marked elevation of bilirubin, which may make clinicians doubt that the infection is the sole culprit of the process.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"80-85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Brevundimonas</i> spp. infection in immunocompromised children: Two case reports.","authors":"Andreé Altamirano-Beltrán, Christian Chiara-Chilet, José W López, Maria J Pons, Julio Maquera-Afaray","doi":"10.18683/germs.2023.1369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18683/germs.2023.1369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Brevundimonas</i> spp. are rare and opportunistic pathogens which may cause infections in patients who are immunocompromised or have underlying disease.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Two cases with a microbiological diagnosis of <i>Brevundimonas aurantiaca</i> and <i>Brevundimonas</i> spp. are presented. Both occurred in immunocompromised patients with post-chemotherapy febrile neutropenia for B-type acute lymphoblastic leukemia and hepatoblastoma. Antibiogram findings showed resistance to quinolones, ceftazidime, and intermediate resistance to cefepime, being susceptible to carbapenems and aminoglycosides. The cases responded favorably to the administration of carbapenem.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identification of the species and antimicrobial susceptibility profile favor response to infection, denoting the importance of species identification and the performance of an antibiogram to determine the different susceptibility profiles described in the literature on this emerging pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":45107,"journal":{"name":"GERMS","volume":"13 1","pages":"72-79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10659748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138463403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}