{"title":"The China paradox: the endogenous relationship between law and economic growth","authors":"L. Yueh","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2020.1785142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1785142","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An enduring paradox of China’s remarkable economic growth is the lack of a well-established legal system. By drawing on the credibility thesis, this paper proposes that legal and economic reforms give rise to, and reinforce, the other and the market is underpinned by evolving institutions that are shaped by the expectations of the actors in the economy. It is thus not the form of institutions but their function that is more important in assessing institutional performance. A comparative examination of the USA at a similar stage of legal-institutional development to China provides support for an evolutionary, endogenous process. This institutional analysis will focus on key issues of economic legislation, such as corporate law, patent law and securities. Analyzing the relationship as complementary processes can help explain the paradox of strong economic growth within an under-developed system of law with potential, critical implications for institutional development in other countries.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2020.1785142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41332588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Land tenure arrangements and rural-to-urban migration: evidence from implementation of China’s rural land contracting law","authors":"Bingdao Zheng, Yanfeng Gu, Hanbin Zhu","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2019.1638687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2019.1638687","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper studies how land tenure arrangements will shape China’s rural land transfer market and labor allocation. Based on data from the Chinese Household Income Project (2002) and the China Family Panel Studies (2010 and 2012), we use fixed effect models and difference-in-differences method to investigate the effects of the implementation of Rural Land Contracting Law on villagers’ behavioral patterns in land transfer and rural-to-urban migration. Our empirical evidence shows that the introduction of Rural Land Contracting Law led peasants to actively rent out their contracted land, significantly increasing their agricultural income, and thus reducing the rural-to-urban migration. These findings demonstrate the ‘push and pull’ migration theory in the Chinese context, and have important policy implications for the ongoing reform of Chinese rural land property rights.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2019.1638687","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45719571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How culture shapes environmental public participation: case studies of China, the Netherlands, and Italy","authors":"W. Dang","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2018.1443758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2018.1443758","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To meet the public requirements for environmental democracy in the world, many international environmental public participation programmes have been developed by adopting the Local Agenda 21 in Rio 1992. At present, some programmes stress the importance of sharing practical lessons on environmental democracy by comparing participation policies in different countries. However, few academic studies analyze how a country’s culture affects environmental public participation. The goal of this paper is to describe how culture shapes environmental public participation by answering two questions: how do certain cultural factors categorize each country according to a nation being egalitarian, fatalist, individualist, and hierarchical in the Cultural Theory (CT) model, and how do the features of CT in each country explain their own environmental participation. This paper looks at three cultural factors—religious, democratic, and gender culture—and analyzes the environmental participation from three cases. This analysis indicates that these three cultural factors categorize both China and Italy under hierarchism in the CT model, while the Netherlands is categorized under individualism and egalitarianism. Italy also has features of fatalism. In addition, different features of CT in the three countries explain the diversity of forms of environmental participation in their contexts. This paper specifically contributes to the analysis of the potential cultural uncertainties in studied countries.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2018.1443758","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46743142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards a typology of pilots: the Shanghai emissions-trading scheme pilot","authors":"Iselin Stensdal","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2019.1652492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2019.1652492","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Piloting has become a prevalent feature of Chinese politics. However, there is a gap in classification of pilot types. This article offers an initial ordering of pilot types, categorized on the basis of institutional dynamics, changes, and staying power of institutions; and how pilots are handled by the local government. Government–business interactions are seen as an indicator of the government’s handling of the pilot. Three pilot types are proposed: perfunctory, policy-focused, and goal-oriented. One case is examined in depth: the Shanghai carbon-market emissions trading scheme pilot, from the time it was announced in November 2011, to the end of the first compliance cycle in June 2014. The Shanghai pilot was arguably a goal-oriented one: the local government put considerable effort into ensuring positive results, by allocating resources and interacting with the enrolled companies. The case-study draws on written sources such as government notices, regulations and news, as well as on semi-structured interviews conducted in 2015.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2019.1652492","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45999796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determinants of corruption in China: a policy perspective","authors":"Hummera Saleem, Wen Jiandong, Muhammad Bilal Khan","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2018.1516388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2018.1516388","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main objective of this study is to investigate the major determinants for corruptions in the People’s Republic of China (hereafter China) using provincial panel data from 1998 to 2012 through the fixed effects and Instrumental Variables (IV) method. This paper uniquely considers the impacts of economic policy uncertainty on corruption in China. The study identified that the level of corruption has a positive relationship with the factors such as Foreign Direct Investments (FDI), uncertainty, economic development, public sector employees, size of provincial population and income inequality. And it was found that corruption has no correlation with salaries of public employees, women’s enrollment, anticorruption efforts, technological development, media and education. The study suggests that women’s enrollment is pretty unique, which depresses corruption in China. Further, it reveals the impact of technological development to reduce the rent-seeking activities. This study shows that there is a positive relationship between uncertainty and the level of corruption. The increase of uncertainty would lead to distract economic agents and economic drivers. The study suggests initiating serious economic and political reforms, since the level of corruption marginally decreases the economic growth of the country. Further, it emphasizes that the necessity of a regular framework to know how and why corruption saturates on the pillars of the state to succeed in anti-corruption policies.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2018.1516388","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41407461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate reputation, shareholders’ gains, and market discounts: evidence from the private equity placement in China","authors":"B. Adhikary, K. Kutsuna, Jiakang Xu","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2018.1554737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2018.1554737","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper extended the works of Wruck in 1989, and Hertzel and Smith in 1993 by incorporating the effects of corporate reputation on shareholders’ gains and market discounts in private equity placements (PEPs) taking data from the Chinese markets. Results demonstrate that corporate reputation significantly influences the shareholder’s gains in PEPs. Besides, factors such as market discounts, offering percentage, and connected transactions are positively related to the announcement effects whereas changes in ownership concentration negate the shareholders’ returns. By contrast, market discounts show a negative association with reputation status, indicating that reputation serves as a mitigating factor for resolving a firm’s undervaluation problem. These findings expect to help greatly to the managerial decision of PEP issuers in an emerging market.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2018.1554737","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45893108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Middle leaders’ triple logics for leading school-organized extra-curriculum activities: evidence from Shanghai’s junior secondary schools","authors":"Shuqin Xu, Zhonghua Guo","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2020.1783824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1783824","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With reference to the heads of departments of moral education (HDMEs) in Shanghai’s junior secondary schools, this paper explores middle leaders’ logics for leading school-organized extra-curricular activities (SEAs). This qualitative study, guided by Woulfin’s lived logic framework, found that the interviewed HDMEs actively reinterpreted the institutional logics with three logics—expressive, instrumental, and hierarchical—by manipulating policy circulation, responding to the performative accountability and micropolitics in the hierarchy, and using correlative thinking. The lived logics of leading SEAs reveal that, as heads of a marginalized department in schools, the HDMEs struggled to seek visibility by using correlative thinking, promoting the importance of their work, and aligning with more helpful senior leaders. The study responds to theories on school middle leadership and implementation logic. It could deepen our understanding of the paradoxes in China’s development and governance, especially in areas concerning both measurable performance and unmeasurable issues (e.g. ideology and sustainable development).","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2020.1783824","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60123585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The credibility and bargaining during the process of policy implementation—a case study of China’s prohibition of open burning of crop straw policy","authors":"Shengyu Fan, Tianyu Zhang, Mengyao Li","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2020.1765453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1765453","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The truncated decision-making of China’s public policy process will inevitably lead to palpable bargaining during implementation. However, there are few concerns and researches at present focus on bargaining intensity between government and social actors. Therefore, the Credibility Thesis is introduced to the policy process in this paper, and the differences of credibility perceived by the public, grassroots government and intermediate government are supposed to reflect the bargaining intensity among them. Based on the adjustability of policy targets and credibility differences, policy implementation is divided into eight types to explain diverse situations more systemically and effectively during policy implementation. Besides, taking prohibition of open burning of crop straw policy (POBSP) as an example, this paper measures the changes of credibility at three points of time during policy implementation and analyzes the bargaining situation among farmers and multi-level governments. The case study proves the applicability of the theoretical framework of the policy implementation based on credibility thesis. It can show the feedback procedure and mechanism of policy implementation, and provide a new perspective for the policy analysis and improving policy performance.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2020.1765453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48343157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chinese state-owned commercial banks in reform: inefficient and yet credible and functional?","authors":"Godfrey Yeung","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2020.1772537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1772537","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract After the initial public offerings of state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs) in 2005–2010, the transformation of the property structure blurred the conventional boundaries between public and private property in China while the state continued to play an important role in the regulation and operation of this ‘hybrid property’: the mixed public-private ownership structure adopted for previously wholly SOCBs. It is could be that the perceived lending bias against private enterprises was a rational decision made by SOCBs in China, partly due to the high transaction costs of risk evaluation and the lack of any formal channels to mitigate the credit risks of such loans. The hybrid nature of SOCBs property rights makes them a credible and convenient channel for the state to provide counter-cyclical lending to contain any exogenous (economic) shocks that might occur as well as long-term financial support for development purposes in the transitional economy and thus contribute to socio-economic and political stability in China. Instead of a stumbling block for economic reforms in China, as posited by the conventional institutional analysts, the ambiguous property rights of SOCBs and their practice of offering favourable loan conditions to state-owned enterprises could actually contribute to their profitability and thus the continuity of hybrid property banking systems and their credibility in China.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2020.1772537","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46791847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Consultation as policymaking innovation: comparing government transparency and public participation in China and the United States","authors":"S. J. Balla, Zhoudan Xie","doi":"10.1080/23812346.2020.1769539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1769539","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article compares government transparency and public participation in policymaking across China and the United States. The analysis specifically focuses on the notice and comment process—government announcement of proposed policies and solicitation of public feedback—at the Chinese Ministry of Commerce (MOC) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The MOC and EPA are leading organizations in the implementation of such consultation in their respective countries. Information is collected and coded for hundreds of draft regulations and thousands of public comments that occurred during the 2002–2016 period. Statistical analysis of levels of, and variation in, transparency and participation demonstrates both similarities and differences in the operation of the notice and comment process at the MOC and EPA. Transparency and participation are generally lower at the MOC than in EPA consultations. Within such constraints, however, there is evidence of standardization in the administration of consultation by the MOC. These findings suggest that differences in the Chinese and U.S. political systems, rather than issues of administrative capacity, are the primary limitations of consultation as a policymaking innovation in contemporary China.","PeriodicalId":45091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Chinese Governance","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23812346.2020.1769539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48488244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}