Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice最新文献

{"title":"State-Trait Anxiety and the Relationship with Patient Outcomes Following TKA","authors":"Alma K Crouch, J. Bunn, Michelle D Green","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2166","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To analyze the relationships between state (S) and trait (T) anxiety and functional outcome measure performance in patients following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) receiving physical therapy (PT). Methods: Nineteen patients (62.7±9.9 years) who recently underwent TKA completed testing post-TKA and at discharge that included the modified Lower Extremity Functional Scale (mLEFS), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Pain Catastrophizing Questionnaire (PCQ), knee range of motion (ROM), thirty-second chair stand test (30s-CST), and the timed up and go (TUG) test. Additionally, NPRS, ROM, 30s-CST, and TUG measures were taken at three and five weeks following TKA. Results: Baseline S- and T-anxiety correlated highly with baseline PCQ (ρ= .546-.676, p= .001-.016) and the 30s-CST (S-Anxiety ρ= -0.531, p= .019). Baseline S- and T-anxiety revealed strong correlations with discharge PCQ scores (S-anxiety ρ= .462-.536, p= .018-.046). The discharge S- and T-anxiety surveys also correlated with discharge measures of mLEFS (ρ= .606-.675, p= .002-.006) and NPRS (ρ= .588-.707, p= .001-.008). Conclusions and Recommendations: This study of S- and T-anxiety and its effects on outcomes following TKA procedures revealed patients’ pain, ROM, and functional outcome measures improved, while S-anxiety, T-anxiety, and PCQ scores had no significant changes from baseline to discharge. Knowing this, clinicians could be proactive and incorporate relaxation techniques, stretching, and massage as a standard means of care.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87680875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Delivered: How a Pandemic Fostered Innovation and Creative Solutions in Clinical Education","authors":"Alice Davis, Laura LaPorta, Nancy F. Mulligan, S. Carmel, Shelene Thomas, Denise O'Dell","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2188","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clinical education placements for students enrolled in healthcare programs were abruptly upended in March 2020 due to COVID-19. Programs were faced with decisions of how to mitigate substantive challenges due to an unforeseen pandemic within timeframes that would align with curricular sequences and graduation dates. Schools quickly modified curriculum formats, implemented alternative teaching and learning instruction and developed safety protocols to protect students, clinical faculty, and patients. Purpose: The aim of this study explored the strategies employed by one physical therapy school’s clinical education team, which resulted in successful completion of clinical course requirements and on-time graduation. Method: Data was collected on a single cohort of eighty (n=80) students who experienced changes in the timing, location, and/or progression of their clinical experiences due to COVID-19 related complications. The use of innovative clinically-oriented teaching strategies including web-based patient case simulation, virtual grand rounds, and other creative learning activities effectively supported student engagement both in and outside of clinical settings. Alternative learning strategies provided students the opportunity to progress through the clinical education curriculum, meet educational objectives, and satisfy the standard requirements by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE). Performance on the Clinical Performance Instrument (CPI) for the cohort of students affected by COVID-19 was compared to a cohort from 2019 who were not affected by COVID-19 related issues. Results: Analysis using Mann Whitney U statistics showed there were no significant differences in performance on the CPI between the groups (p=0.874). Conclusion: Looking forward, there is an opportunity for schools to build on what was learned during the pandemic and apply those strategies to other non-pandemic related situations with successful outcomes. Innovative teaching and learning strategies can help to bridge the gap of time out of clinic for any student who may experience an interruption in clinical education due to injury, illness, or other situation, and can provide a way for students to progress successfully through their physical therapy education.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72516544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic Inequalities in Self-Perceived Oral Health Among College-Going Students in Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Ghulam Kubra Rind, N. Shah, S. Inam","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2170","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral health inequalities are becoming a major threat to public health, and they excessively burden disadvantaged communities, especially within low and middle-income countries. This study explored the socioeconomic inequalities in self-perceived oral health behaviors among college-going students in Karachi, Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 328 college-going students using a convenient sampling technique from three different socioeconomic groups including urban slums, middle, and rich class neighborhoods. Oral health was assessed using three measures: daily tooth brushing, weekly sweet consumption, and substance abuse. Socio-economic inequalities were measured using binary logistic regression (odds ratios), relative index of inequality, and slope index of inequality. Results: Out of 328 participants, 56.4% perceived their oral health as fair, 24.1% good, 14.9% poor, while only 4.6% had an excellent perception of oral health. Significant inequalities were found regarding oral health behaviours with fraternal income, occupation, and education level. Education-related absolute inequalities among college-going students were1.28(95% CI -2.19, -0.36 p-value<0.01), -1.34(95% CI -2.16, -0.52, p-value<0.01), -1.43(95% CI -2.70, -0.15, p-value<0.01) with tooth brushing, high sweet consumption, and substance abuse respectively. Similarly, income and occupation-related absolute inequalities were also existent. Conclusions: In Pakistan, data among college-going students regarding oral healthcare is scarce. Significant inequalities were found in oral health behaviours among college-going students. Thus, there is a need to design equity-based health system provisions specifically to address the needs of poor segments of society.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85203499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Tai Chi on Dynamic Balance in Younger Adults: Implication for Physical Therapy Practice","authors":"A. O'Neill, D. Beazley, Lori A. Bolgla","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2174","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Tai Chi on the dynamic balance in younger, active community-based adults with no history of lower extremity injury or balance problems. Methods: Fourteen subjects (4 males / 10 females; age 23.6 + 6.2 years-old; height 166.5 ± 11.1 cm; weight 75.9 ± 19.3 kg) completed a 13-week undergraduate Tai Chi course. Dynamic balance was assessed at the beginning and the end of the course using the Y-Balance test. Results: Post-hoc testing showed significant improvements in anterior (P=0.007) and posterior lateral (P=0.003) reach distances with a Cohen’s d at 0.54 and 0.71 for the anterior and posterior lateral, respectively with significant improvement in right composite compared to left composite (P<0.0001). Cohen’s d was 0.51 and 1.38 for the left and right composite score, respectively. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Tai Chi may be useful as an exercise regimen to increase anterior and posterior lateral dynamic balance in balance-dependent activity as measured by the Y Balance Test. The authors champion that Tai Chi may be a useful addition for a physical therapy treatment plan, preventative exercise plan, or wellness program to increase anterior and posterior lateral dynamic balance.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81900988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Attitudes Toward Evidence-Based Practice Different Between the United States and Chinese Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapy Students?","authors":"Y. Qi, Bobbi S Greiner, A. Patterson, K. Mu, Heather Javaherian-Dysinger, Kate E DeCleene Huber","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2167","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Evidence-based practice (EBP) integrates the best evidence from research, clinician expertise, and patient preferences and values to deliver the highest quality of care to improve patient outcomes. Occupational therapy (OT), physical therapy (PT), and rehabilitation students gain exposure to EBP through both didactic and experiential learning. The differences in cultural, educational systems, and student learning styles between the United States and China may lead to different students’ perceptions and attitudes towards EBP. The purpose of the study was to characterize and compare the perceptions of and attitudes towards EBP between the U.S. and Chinese OT and PT students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of the Evidence-Based Practice Process Assessment Scale (EBPPAS) was sent to professional students enrolled in Doctor of Occupational Therapy (OTD), Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT), and Master of Occupational Therapy (MOT) programs at three universities in the U.S. (n=1,062) and OT, PT, and rehabilitation students of four-year bachelor programs at four universities in China (n=1,017). Students’ perception of the overall and individual domain of EBP was compared between the U.S. and China with independent samples t-test. Results: In general, all students showed a positive attitude towards EBP across the five domains. The U.S. DPT students had the highest mean score of 3.90 in the domain of “attitude about EBP” followed by the U.S. MOT students (mean=3.88), and the U.S. OTD students (mean=3.84). On average, the U.S. students scored 0.44 (13.8%) higher than Chinese students in all domains combined. Responses from both countries showed the highest scores in the domain of “attitude about EBP” followed by “familiarity with EBP” and “intention to engage in EBP”. In addition, the overall mean score increased non-significantly by 0.07 for the U.S. students from 1st year to 3rd year while it increased significantly by 0.15 (pnd year to 4th year. Conclusion: Few research studies have compared professional students’ attitudes towards EBP between the U.S. and China. This study demonstrated that the U.S. students were more positive overall and in all five domains. Future studies may focus on novice ways to promote EBP in didactic teaching and in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83024947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Curcumin and its Effects on Lowering Systemic Inflammation as Measured by CRP: A Systematic Review","authors":"Laura Katakowski, S. Hewlings","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2182","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate evidence supporting curcumin lowering the systemic inflammatory marker, CRP in humans. Methods: A systematic literature search was completed using PubMed and MEDLINE databases. Results: After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 studies were evaluated, and the percent change of CRP blood levels was calculated and analyzed. Results: The results for these studies show strong statistical significance for the C3 complex with Bioperine and nano curcumin. Bioactive curcumin exhibits a higher percent decrease of blood level CRP than trials using only curcumin or turmeric. Conclusion: Overall bioactive curcumin/ curcumin with Bioperine are alternative treatments for lowering the systemic inflammation marker, CRP.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81148187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Jade Stone Mobilisation, Non-Abrasive Cupping, and Manual Drainage Technique in Subjects with Chronic Sinusitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"M. Gandhi, P. Gurudut","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2209","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Sinusitis in recent times has been known as one of the major causes for reduced quality of life and work absenteeism. Chronic sinusitis being one of the health hazards affecting QOL of subjects of any age and gender requires a specific therapeutic intervention. Clinical trials that can demonstrate the effectiveness of manual therapy intervention in sinusitis cases are lacking. Hence, this study aims to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of three manual therapy techniques in subjects with chronic sinusitis. Method: The current study is a prospective, parallel arm, randomised clinical trial performed at physiotherapy OPD, tertiary health centre, Belagavi. Forty-five subjects who had chronic sinusitis were randomised and allocated into three different manual therapy groups with 15 subjects each study group. Sample size was calculated using the formula n= Sd2[Zα + Zβ]2/d2 where α value was set at 1.96 and β was set at 0.842. Both male and female subjects between 18-45 years of age with chronic sinusitis for more than 3 months were included in the study (with 1 dropout due to loss to follow-up). Subjects in group A received jade stone mobilization, group B received non-abrasive cupping, and group C received manual drainage technique for 3 times a week for 2 weeks with a follow-up at the 6th week from the baseline. As an outcome measure pressure algometer and SNOT-22 questionnaire were taken to assess pressure pain threshold and quality of life of sinusitis subjects respectively. Results: The results showed significant improvement between and within all the three study groups post 2 weeks of intervention in terms of pain pressure threshold and quality of life. However, at 6th week follow-up, the jade stone group showed greater improvement than the other two groups. Conclusion: The study concluded that all the three manual interventions are safe and effective manual therapy techniques to treat the cases of chronic sinusitis.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74960094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Interventions for Cancer Survivors Provided by Occupational Therapy Practitioners","authors":"Katie M Polo, M. Baxter","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2106","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Currently, there is a lack of research exploring evidence-based occupational therapy intervention practices at the activity level in survivorship care, which is important to identify for future research and clinical needs of the profession. The purpose of this study was to describe what activity level interventions OT practitioners are using and report any practice trends that might exist. Method: A cross-section design was used with non-probability purposive sampling to recruit occupational therapy practitioners working with adults living with and beyond cancer. A three-phase process for survey development and implementation was used, as recommended by the literature, for improving content validity and minimizing measurement error. Results: A total of 267 surveys were distributed and 70 surveys returned (26.20% response rate). Given the range and frequency of responses, it is suggested that occupational therapy practitioners focus on individual needs for function and participation and are not limiting practice to physical impairments. There were several areas that only a small percentage of respondents identified addressing with clients, including shopping (range 5.83-9.23%), driving and community mobility (range 5.90-9.58%), and financial management (range .74-10.20%) that typically fall into outpatient and community health practice settings. Conclusion: We reviewed current oncology intervention and referral practice trends for occupational therapy and pose several implications for advancing clinical practice in oncology. Future research into interventions not supported by literature that occupational therapists identified currently using in practice is needed.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77439870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain Education Training in New York State Physical Therapy Programs: What We Do Well, Where the Gaps Are, and What Can Be Improved","authors":"Joe Tatta, M. Spoto, Joseph Lorenzetti","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2063","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Essential pain education produces graduates who are competent in contemporary pain management. Despite various educational resources, surveys demonstrate minimal pain content in entry-level physical therapist education programs. This paper examines 1) the learning content of pain education and faculty expertise teaching core pain content, 2) whether pain education content is sufficient to prepare physical therapists to meet the needs of contemporary pain management, and 3) whether standardization of pain education in entry level Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs is advantageous. Methods: A pain education survey was developed and sent to all accredited DPT program directors in New York State. The survey included questions related to content and hours devoted to teaching 1) pain science, 2) pain education, 3) psychosocial factors, 4) biopsychosocial model, 5) cognitive-behavioral techniques, 6) advanced faculty training, and 7) challenges adding pain education to the curriculum. Results: In total, 10/15 programs responded. (1) 60% reported they do not have a class dedicated to pain science, (2) 60% reported < 10 hours of pain education (3) 60% reported a class on psychosocial factors, (4) 50% reported < 10 hours on the biopsychosocial model, (5) cognitive- behavioral techniques varied between 10-30 hours, (6) 70% of faculty received advanced training, and (7) challenges to adding pain education included time, a dense curriculum, and pain content is not part of NPTE exam questions. Conclusions and Recommendations: New York State accredited DPT programs include pain education, although content, time, and methods vary greatly. Increased standardization for pain education would create consistency across all U.S. DPT programs. Based on the findings from the study, an investigation should be undertaken to determine if more specific standards for pain education are advantageous for the entry level DPT curricula.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76714586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact and Experiences Relative to Critical Incidents and Critical Incident Stress Management","authors":"Peggy Haller, Elizabeth Niel, Justin A. Young, Matthew J. Drescher, L. Eberman","doi":"10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46743/1540-580x/2022.2229","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Typically, athletic trainers (ATs) have relied on external support networks to debrief after a critical incident (CI). ATs report focusing on improving work-related processes after a CI rather than their emotional response to the CI. The purpose of this study was to identify both the short-term emotional impacts of CIs and what coping strategies ATs use to address their emotional response to CIs. Methods: We used a cross-sectional, web-based survey, distributed to a random sample of NATA members to explore the perceived effects of CIs on ATs. Participants (n=73, 36±11y) were primarily women (n=53, 72.6%), working in the college/university practice setting (n = 40, 54.8%), with 7±3y of experience. All participants experienced a CI within the previous 12 months. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for demographic variables and multi-analyst inductive coding for the open-ended items amongst a 4-person team. We used a modified consensual qualitative research (CQR) process to review and analyze the open-ended questions and identify domains and core ideas. Trustworthiness was established with multi-analyst triangulation and auditing. Results: Participants most commonly reported feelings of thinking too much (71%, n=52), anxiety (63%, n=46), sadness (60%, n=44), fatigue (53%, n=39), and sleep disturbance (49%, n=36) resulting from CIs. Common coping strategies used were exercise (63%, n=46), humor (44%, n=32), interacting with pets (41%, n=30), expressing oneself through crying (40%, n=29), and peer support (34%, n=25). Sixty-two participants (86%) responded to open-ended questions related to the outcomes of CIs. Four domains were identified from the open-ended responses. Those domains included 1) dissociation, 2) deteriorated emotional state, 3) disruption of daily activities, and 4) improved event or post-event processes. Conclusion: Various strategies are used by ATs to cope with CIs; however, the only ways in which ATs expressed that coping helped was with care delivery, not the emotional impact of the CI. The lack of responses relative to coping strategies that improve quality of life is potentially alarming. To build resilience and persistence, organizations should consider requiring support beyond process improvement that addresses the emotional impact of CIs.","PeriodicalId":45065,"journal":{"name":"Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84379865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}