Public Archaeology最新文献

{"title":"Folklore and Public Archaeology in the UK","authors":"Tina Paphitis","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2020.1813453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2020.1813453","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the potential for folklore to enrich studies of, and participation in, public archaeology. Referring to the varied approaches to public archaeology in the United Kingdom, and focusing on sites and landscapes, it will lay out the current status of folklore in five key areas of public archaeology: the history of archaeology, multivocality, historical consciousness, the archaeological imagination/representation, and heritage management. This paper will explore how key thoughts and approaches in folkloristics might not only contribute to these areas, but can radically enhance how we look at public archaeology historically, dialogically, and interpretively. Alongside this, those countries with well-developed folkloristic and ethnological research departments might consider ways of expanding their approaches to public archaeology, and engage in cross-disciplinary research investigating the complex and multi-faceted relationships with and representations of the past in the present.","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"139 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2020.1813453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43695963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘We Asked 3,601 People’: A Nationwide Public Opinion Poll on Attitudes Towards Archaeology and Archaeological Assets in Turkey","authors":"Işılay Gürsu, Gül Pulhan, Lutgarde Vandeput","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2020.1824156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2020.1824156","url":null,"abstract":"The Safeguarding Archaeological Assets of Turkey (SARAT) project is aimed at increasing knowledge, capacity, and awareness for the better protection and appreciation of Turkey’s archaeological assets. Within the scope of SARAT, a nationwide public opinion poll for mapping the relationship between archaeology and society in Turkey was designed and conducted. The fieldwork was carried out on 12–13 May 2018 across 103 districts of 29 Turkish provinces. Structured questionnaires were administered to 3,601 individuals above the age of 18 by employing face-to-face interview methodology. The results shed light on various aspects of the relationships between a community as diverse, dynamic, and populated as Turkey’s, and archaeology and archaeological assets located in this country. They have also been put into use as guidelines for designing various activities of the project that seek to increase public appreciation and awareness of archaeological assets. These activities include workshops with journalists on informed and accurate archaeological reporting, an online certificate programme for safeguarding and rescuing archaeological assets, workshops on Archaeology in Local Contexts as well as social media campaigns.","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"87 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2020.1824156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46048545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward an Intermediate Level: Making the Most of Evaluation in Italian Community Archaeology","authors":"F. Ripanti","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2020.1761089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2020.1761089","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decade public and community archaeology have established themselves as essential parts of the Italian contemporary archaeological debate, as a result of work at a series of venues and a growing commitment to public engagement within fieldwork. However, data and evaluation reports about participation are rarely found in academic literature, limiting the development of a critical attitude to the topic. This paper attempts to outline a specific scenario for the development of Italian community archaeology as a proper field of research. This scenario consists of two main stages: the development of a shared attitude to evaluation and the creation of a native theoretical framework. Between them there is the ‘intermediate level’, that may be properly considered as the comparison and interpretation of the data resulting from the multiple evaluation processes conducted in Italian community archaeology projects in the context of the existing international theoretical framework. The brief presentation of an evaluation process conducted for the case study of ‘Uomini e Cose a Vignale’ — a long-term excavation project in Tuscany jointly managed by archaeologists and local stakeholders — fosters a reflection on specific opportunities provided by conceiving evaluation as a first step toward an ‘intermediate level’.","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"65 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2020.1761089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45853234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Tim Schadla‐Hall, F. Benetti, M. Oldham","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2019.2014124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2019.2014124","url":null,"abstract":"This issue presents three papers focused on the Mediterranean (Italy, Greece, and Turkey) dealing with a wide range of topics, but all characterized by the use of quantitative and qualitative data for different purposes. In the first paper, Francesco Ripanti reflects on the evaluation of public participation in archaeology in Italy. The topic of the ‘evaluation’ is recurring in several countries, and the need to demonstrate the impact of public spending on archaeology for accountability reasons has been a standing concern for both academics and practitioners (e.g. Watson, 2021). In the UK, in recent months (March–May 2021), demonstrating the value of archaeology has become extremely significant in the face of proposed funding cuts to humanities research and universities (linked to this context, we have already seen the closure or the risk of closure of some Archaeology Departments in the UK). From a theoretical perspective, in public and community archaeology ‘evaluation’ is particularly relevant, but still significantly underestimated (e.g. Ellenberger & Richardson, 2018). In his paper, Ripanti frames the topic of evaluation as pertaining to two different levels: a strictly operational one and a theoretical one. The author uses the case study of the excavation of a Roman and late antique villa (a project called ‘Uomini e Cose a Vignale’) to test a value-based methodology which provided ‘an informed description of participation’, useful for shaping the future of the project. The case study serves as an example of how and why an ‘intermediate level’ between practice and theory should be sought. Although tailored solutions are clearly necessary to fit with different contexts, the paper also provides a replicable methodology which is of universal interest. In the second paper, Isı̧lay Gürsu, Gül Pulhan, and Lutgarde Vandeput present some of the results of the Safeguarding Archaeological Assets of Turkey (SARAT) project. As part of this programme aimed at promoting a better knowledge and understanding of archaeological heritage in Turkey, a nationwide survey was conducted, whose results are presented in this paper. The findings were somewhat unexpected and provided invaluable insights to help frame heritage policies and practices in the following years. Within the SARAT project itself, the data of the survey has informed the development of a pilot project to promote awareness of archaeology in the country. This workflow which starts from data gathering and analysis to ground new policies and projects is often still overlooked in many Mediterranean countries (although with exceptions), and this paper shows the potential public archaeology, Vol. 18 No. 2, May 2019, 63–64","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"63 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43385598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A History of Archaeological Tourism: Pursuing Leisure and Knowledge From the Eighteenth Century to World War II","authors":"Hélène Maloigne","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2021.1893063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2021.1893063","url":null,"abstract":"Margarita Díaz-Andreu’s short book explores the close interconnection between travel, tourism, archaeology, and modern nation-building in a succinct, but deeply researched and intelligently presented overview. In just over 120 pages (as part of the Springer Briefs series), the author shows how an interest in the material past has always played a major role in travelling. Defining archaeological tourism as a ‘leisure activity consisting of experiencing the past by visiting either archaeological sites or institutions with information about them’ (p. 5), Díaz-Andreu mainly leaves other kinds of travelling—military, mercantile, diplomatic, religious, exploratory — outside of the discussion. Archaeological exploration has at times been inextricably linked to exactly these kinds of travelling and the lack of discussion occasionally makes for awkward reading. But, on the whole, this distinction serves the reader well in focusing the mind on the pursuit of leisure and knowledge through experiencing the past and the resulting commodification of history and material culture. Chapter 1 lays the groundwork by providing a useful overview of recent developments in scholarship of archaeological tourism. It continues with a history of tourism studies, from its beginnings in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland in the early twentieth century. The close connection pointed out between authoritarian and racist regimes of the 1920s and 1930s and their support of tourism studies and leisure activities in general lays important groundwork for later chapters. Taking the reader ‘from travel to tourism’ in Chapter 2, Díaz-Andreu charts a course from the earliest human impulse to travel, from antiquity and the Middle Ages to the late eighteenth century and the Grand Tour. By defining the difference between migrations, travelling, and tourism, the author closely links the latter two to the exploration of visible remains of the past (monuments and ruins) and the growing European interest in building collections of smaller objects. Although the book focuses on the Western European experience, we also read about Chinese and Arab travellers. Chapter 3 introduces the early years of archaeological tourism, from 1800 to 1870. Archaeological travellers and tourists were never just interested in the past as experienced abroad. The development of nationalism and patriotism led to an interest in material remains at home and how they might serve to create a ‘national’ history. Díaz-Andreu neatly links these developments to the arrival of mechanized travel, the rise of the middle classes and industrialization as well as a slowly developing professionalization in the study and management of heritage. As travels on the Continent became restricted due to the Napoleonic Wars, Britons focused more on exploring the British Isles and the Grand Tour began to lose its importance. As I have mentioned above, the short brief of the book has forced the author to make some omissions to the narrative. Wh","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"135 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2021.1893063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44996218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘What a Wonderful Past’! Material Culture and Archaeological Representations in Greek Primary History Textbooks (1974–2020)","authors":"Kostas Kasvikis, Isaia Eleftheriadou","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2020.1796171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2020.1796171","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the impact of archaeology in Greek formal education based on a research of the primary history textbooks of three different periods (1974–86, 1986–2006, 2006–20). The sample data was analysed using quantitative and qualitative methodologies in order to examine representations, perceptions, and attitudes concerning archaeology and material culture imprinted within their textual content. The research revealed a significant presence of archaeological information and a plurality of meanings with which archaeology is invested, reflecting the dominant role of textbooks as teaching tools and agents of official historical knowledge and the multifaceted impact of archaeology on Greek society.","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"115 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2020.1796171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48931831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sites of Existential Relatedness: Findings from Phenomenological Research at Stonehenge, Avebury and the Vale of Pewsey, Wiltshire, UK","authors":"Claire Nolan","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2019.1762151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2019.1762151","url":null,"abstract":"As material reflections of human identity and behaviour, heritage assets are often viewed as a source of belonging and existential awareness. In recent years, these impacts have been shown to promote personal wellbeing in ways which align with the therapeutic concept of existential relatedness. Defined as a feeling of deep connection to something greater than the self, existential relatedness has been identified as a fundamental component of personal wellbeing. In light of findings from qualitative work undertaken in the Stonehenge and Avebury World Heritage Site (WHS) and the Vale of Pewsey, Wiltshire, UK, and their environs, this paper considers the capacity for these prehistoric landscapes to facilitate a sense of existential relatedness for people in the present. As a result of this exploration, it suggests that, in certain contexts, the historic environment has a unique role to play in the creation of existential wellbeing through the cultural, collective and transcendent connections that it affords. The paper further theorizes that the feeling of connectivity which many people experience in response to heritage assets is essentially a form of communitas, and perhaps one of the greatest social benefits that the historic environment has to offer.","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"28 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2019.1762151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43739625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiencing Oklahoma Archaeology Month 2018","authors":"Suzie Thomas","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2019.1671780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2019.1671780","url":null,"abstract":"Oklahoma Archaeology Month (OAM) is an annual event taking place each October (Figure 1), and as the name suggests it encompasses events taking place across the US state of Oklahoma. It is not the only coordinated archaeology events series in the world; the UK has the Festival of Archaeology, for example, and some thirty-seven US states have either an Archaeology Week or Month. These Archaeology Months take place at different times of the year — Alaska has its archaeology month in April, for example, while Georgia’s archaeology month is May. However, October is a popular time for state archaeology months, with a","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"52 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2019.1671780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49068278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Tim Schadla‐Hall, J. Larkin, F. Benetti, M. Oldham","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2019.1798704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2019.1798704","url":null,"abstract":"we","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2019.1798704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44876002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forgotten Pilots, Airfields and Aircraft: A Transdisciplinary Approach to the Memory of the Republican Air Force During the Spanish Civil War (1936–39)","authors":"F. Hernàndez-Cardona, X. Rubio-Campillo, Andrés Besolí, David Íñiguez, Rafel Sospedra","doi":"10.1080/14655187.2019.1784664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14655187.2019.1784664","url":null,"abstract":"As the adage goes, ‘History is written by the winners’, and the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) is a example of how difficult it is to revert this process. Franco’s regime (1939–75) developed a range of narratives focused on a) the justification of the military rebellion against the democratically elected Second Republic government, b) the ‘damnatio memoriae’ of the Republican armed forces and c) the development of a collective guilt about the war. The transition from fascist dictatorship to democracy did not contest Francoist official discourse, and forged a ‘pact of oblivion’ based on the idea that Spanish society should look to the future and forget about the conflict: from personal memories to cultural heritage. One of the victims of this process of targeted forgetfulness was the Republican Air Force because it was an uncomfortable thorn in Francoist narratives. If the Republic was immersed in chaos and its army non-existent, then how did it manage to contest the skies against the most modern German and Italian aircraft? This work describes the activities developed by a long-term public archaeology project designed to rediscover the memory of the people that formed the Republican Air Force. This multifaceted initiative explored the materiality of air warfare through a combination of battlefield archaeology, educational research, museum exhibitions and community engagement. The results presented here are an example of how community-based archaeology projects can promote new critical narratives and rediscover silenced voices even after decades of heavily biased official history. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":45023,"journal":{"name":"Public Archaeology","volume":"18 1","pages":"3 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14655187.2019.1784664","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42677956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}