World Medical & Health Policy最新文献_第4页

Making multisectoral committees work: Lessons from tobacco control in two Pacific small island developing states 使多部门委员会发挥作用:两个太平洋小岛屿发展中国家烟草控制的经验教训

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.589

Dori Patay, Ashley Schram, Sharon Friel

{"title":"Making multisectoral committees work: Lessons from tobacco control in two Pacific small island developing states","authors":"Dori Patay, Ashley Schram, Sharon Friel","doi":"10.1002/wmh3.589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.589","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The consumption of harmful commodities drives the noncommunicable disease (NCD) epidemic globally and in Pacific small island developing states. Multisectoral committees are commonly chosen avenues to facilitate policy coherence across government sectors in regulating the commercial determinants of health (CDoH), but these committees often fail to function as intended. This paper aims to explore the institutional conditions that enable or constrain multisectoral committees in facilitating policy coherence for tobacco control in Fiji and Vanuatu. An exploratory, qualitative research design was applied, incorporating a two‐case study design with within‐case analysis and cross‐case synthesis. Data collection consisted of 70 in‐depth interviews in 2018 and 2019. Data collection and analysis were informed by an analytical framework drawn from the institutional collective action framework. The results show that the current amount of authority behind the investigated multisectoral committees in Fiji and Vanuatu is inadequate to meaningfully bring stakeholders together for an issue with high complexity. Moreover, multisectoral discussions on tobacco control have a high risk to break down, as the collaboration may generate unwanted impacts to one or more actors and the net benefits are perceived to be low. The authority behind multisectoral committees might be strengthened by the chairmanship of a cross‐sectoral, high‐level government official and the allocation of more resources for managing intersectoral engagement. Divergent preferences might be brought closer together by showcasing the socioeconomic costs of NCDs and policies affecting the availability, affordability, accessibility, and desirability of tobacco and raising awareness about CDoH in nonhealth sectors.","PeriodicalId":44943,"journal":{"name":"World Medical & Health Policy","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patient‐reported outcomes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: An insight for a healthcare system undergoing reform 沙特阿拉伯王国患者报告的结果:对正在进行改革的医疗保健系统的洞察

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.590

Nadia Fanous, Lujain Samarkandi, Mohammad Al‐Bsheish, Mira M. Abu‐Elenin

引用次数: 0

Sociopathic narcissistic leadership: How about their victims? 反社会自恋型领导:他们的受害者呢?

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2023-09-10 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.588

Amir Khorram‐Manesh, Frederick M. Burkle

引用次数: 1

Confidence in public institutions is critical in containing the COVID‐19 pandemic 对公共机构的信心对于遏制COVID - 19大流行至关重要

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.568

Anna Adamecz, Ágnes Szabó‐Morvai

{"title":"Confidence in public institutions is critical in containing the COVID‐19 pandemic","authors":"Anna Adamecz, Ágnes Szabó‐Morvai","doi":"10.1002/wmh3.568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.568","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper investigates the relative importance of confidence in public institutions to explain cross‐country differences in the severity of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. We find that a 1 SD increase (e.g., the actual difference between the United States and Finland) in confidence is associated with 56.3% fewer predicted deaths per million inhabitants. Confidence in public institutions is one of the most important predictors of deaths attributed to COVID‐19, compared to country‐level measures of health risks, the health system, demographics, economic and political development, and social capital. We show for the first time that confidence in public institutions encompasses more than just the unobserved quality of health or public services in general. If confidence only included the perceived quality, it would be associated with other health and social outcomes such as breast cancer recovery rates or imprisonment as well, but this is not the case. Moreover, our results indicate that fighting a pandemic requires citizens to cooperate with their governments, and willingness to cooperate relies on confidence in public institutions.","PeriodicalId":44943,"journal":{"name":"World Medical & Health Policy","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135127548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

How do you solve a problem like Maria? The politics of disaster response in Puerto Rico, Florida and Texas. 如何解决玛丽亚这样的问题？波多黎各、佛罗里达州和得克萨斯州的救灾政治。

IF 1.7

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.476

Charley E Willison, Phillip M Singer, Melissa S Creary, Soha Vaziri, Jerry Stott, Scott L Greer

{"title":"How do you solve a problem like Maria? The politics of disaster response in Puerto Rico, Florida and Texas.","authors":"Charley E Willison, Phillip M Singer, Melissa S Creary, Soha Vaziri, Jerry Stott, Scott L Greer","doi":"10.1002/wmh3.476","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wmh3.476","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is not the first, nor the last, public health challenge the US political system has faced. Understanding drivers of governmental responses to public health emergencies is important for policy decision-making, planning, health and social outcomes, and advocacy. We use federal political disaster-aid debates to examine political factors related to variations in outcomes for Puerto Rico, Texas, and Florida after the 2017 hurricane season. Despite the comparable need and unprecedented mortality, Puerto Rico received delayed and substantially less aid. We find bipartisan participation in floor debates over aid to Texas and Florida, but primarily Democrat participation for Puerto Rican aid. Yet, deliberation and participation in the debates were strongly influenced by whether a state or district was at risk of natural disasters. Nearly one-third of all states did not participate in any aid debate. States' local disaster risk levels and political parties' attachments to different racial and ethnic groups may help explain Congressional public health disaster response failures. These lessons are of increasing importance in the face of growing collective action problems around the climate crisis and subsequent emergent threats from natural disasters.","PeriodicalId":44943,"journal":{"name":"World Medical & Health Policy","volume":"14 3","pages":"490-506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/7c/WMH3-14-490.PMC9545961.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33514404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leader gender, country culture, and the management of COVID-19. 领导人性别、国家文化与 COVID-19 的管理。

IF 1.7

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.547

Valentina Dimitrova-Grajzl, Janelle Gornick, Iyabo Obasanjo

引用次数: 0

Sweden's coronavirus strategy: The Public Health Agency and the sites of controversy. 瑞典的冠状病毒战略:公共卫生机构和争议地点。

IF 4.1

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.449

Arash Heydarian Pashakhanlou

{"title":"Sweden's coronavirus strategy: The Public Health Agency and the sites of controversy.","authors":"Arash Heydarian Pashakhanlou","doi":"10.1002/wmh3.449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.449","url":null,"abstract":"In contrast to the vast majority of Western countries, Sweden left large segments of the society open instead of imposing a lockdown to combat the spread of the coronavirus. As a result, the Swedish COVID-19 measures, largely devised by its expert agency on health, garnered widespread international attention. Despite the global interest in the corona strategy of the Public Health Agency of Sweden (PHAS), there are currently no systematic studies on their COVID-19 policy. The present investigation focuses on the controversies that have characterized PHAS' work with reference to risk assessments, facemasks, voluntarism, testing, and the protection of the elderly during the pandemic. Overall, this inquiry demonstrates that PHAS' risk assessments were initially overly optimistic and their facemask recommendations in conflict with large segments of the scientific community for an extensive period. Yet, their voluntary measures worked moderately well. In their testing, PHAS did not manage to deliver on their promises in time, whereas several measures implemented to protect the elderly were deemed inadequate and late.","PeriodicalId":44943,"journal":{"name":"World Medical & Health Policy","volume":"14 3","pages":"507-527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wmh3.449","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39154172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Partisan polarization, historical heritage, and public health: Exploring COVID-19 outcomes. 党派两极分化、历史遗产和公共卫生：探索 COVID-19 的结果。

IF 1.7

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2022-08-24 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.543

Craig Curtis, John Stillman, Megan Remmel, John C Pierce, Nicholas P Lovrich, Leah E Adams-Curtis

{"title":"Partisan polarization, historical heritage, and public health: Exploring COVID-19 outcomes.","authors":"Craig Curtis, John Stillman, Megan Remmel, John C Pierce, Nicholas P Lovrich, Leah E Adams-Curtis","doi":"10.1002/wmh3.543","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wmh3.543","url":null,"abstract":"When the COVID-19 virus first arrived in the United States in early 2020, many epidemiologists and public health officers counseled for shutdowns and advised policymakers to prepare for a major pandemic. In 2020, though, US society was rife with major political and cultural divides. Some elected leaders promoted policies at odds with the experts, and many people refused to heed the public health-based communications about the coming pandemic. Additionally, the capacity to respond to a pandemic was distributed in the country in a highly unequal fashion. This paper analyzes the noteworthy geopolitical patterns of COVID-19 illnesses, subsequent demands on hospitals, and resulting deaths. This description is based on a snapshot of archival data gathered in the midst of the pandemic during late January and early February of 2021. Demographic data, indicators of political party support, indicators of citizen attitudes, and public health compliance behaviors are combined in a multivariate analysis to explain COVID-19 outcomes at the local government (county) level. The analysis suggests strongly that regional political culture and local demographics played a substantial role in determining the severity of the public health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":44943,"journal":{"name":"World Medical & Health Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537783/pdf/WMH3-9999-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33515643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Addressing challenges to effectively disseminate relevant health information 应对挑战，有效传播相关卫生信息

IF 4.1

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.528

Gary L. Kreps

引用次数: 0

Handwashing stations in Nepal: Role of wealth status in establishing handwashing stations at home 尼泊尔的洗手站:财富地位在建立家庭洗手站中的作用

IF 4.1

World Medical & Health Policy Pub Date : 2022-05-23 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.523

Mohan Kumar Sharma, Ramesh Adhikari, Edwin van Teijlingen

{"title":"Handwashing stations in Nepal: Role of wealth status in establishing handwashing stations at home","authors":"Mohan Kumar Sharma, Ramesh Adhikari, Edwin van Teijlingen","doi":"10.1002/wmh3.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.523","url":null,"abstract":"Handwashing has been proven to be effective at preventing several infectious diseases. This study aims to find out the role of wealth status in establishing handwashing stations in the households of Nepal. This study used secondary data from Nepal Demographic Health Survey in 2016 to assess the association between households' wealth status and handwashing stations. The findings displayed a significant association between the age of the household head, residence place, ecological zone, province, wealth status, having a mosquito net, having a radio and TV in the respondent's household, and fixed handwashing stations at their households at p < 0.001 level. Wealth status has significant effect on fixed handwashing stations (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 12.699; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.120–15.935; p < 0.001) in the households. The households with the poorest wealth status (aOR = 9.718; 95% CI = 7.387–12.785; p < 0.001), mountain ecological zone (aOR = 1.325; 95% CI = 1.098–1.599; p < 0.01), Madhesh province (aOR = 2.967; 95% CI = 2.405–3.658; p < 0.001) were significant predictors for not having fixed handwashing stations even after inclusion of socio-covariates. Correspondingly, the presence of mosquito net (aOR = 0.795; 95% CI = 0.692–0.913; p < 0.01), presence of a radio (aOR = 0.758; 95% CI = 0.671–0.857; p < 0.001), and presence of a TV (aOR = 0.762; 95% CI = 0.667–0.871; p < 0.001) had a significant effect on fixed handwashing stations at their households even after inclusion of socio-covariates. The study found households with the poorest wealth quintiles, mountain ecological zone, and Madhesh and Karnali provinces had low fixed handwashing stations. The study suggests more leading interventions to improve public health in this region.","PeriodicalId":44943,"journal":{"name":"World Medical & Health Policy","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0